树袋熊的英文资料

篇一：介绍考拉的英语演讲稿

What is a koala? [k?'?l?]

The koala gets its name from an ancient Aboriginal word meaning "no drink" ,it is a small bear-like, tree-dwelling animal, which averages about 9 kilograms in weight. Its fur is thick and usually ash gray. Koalas are considered as an Australian national icon. These adorable tree-hugging animals feed on eucalyptus [ju:k?'lipt?s]tree leaves.

But,The problem is on average a koala destroys 13 pounds of the leaves And eat 2 pounds a day.

Because of this, 5,000 koalas soon face starvation [stɑ:'vei??n] on Kangaroo Island in the south of Australia.

Animal activists suggest growing more trees. "There aren't too many koalas. There are too few trees." They argue. Neighboring provinces have even recommended relocating some of the koalas to them. Most Australians feel that the authorities must do all they can to avoid killing the koalas Because it would be a national disgrace.

什么是考拉？

考拉得名于一个古老的原住民字，意思是“无酒”。

它是一个小熊样，树栖动物，平均约9公斤的重量。它的毛皮厚，通常是灰白色。 考拉被认为是澳大利亚的国家标志。这些可爱的动物会拥抱饲料上的桉树叶。 问题是平均考拉破坏的13叶片每天吃2磅。

正因为如此，很快就会面临5000考拉在澳大利亚南部的袋鼠岛饥饿。

动物活动家建议增加更多的树。 “没有太多的考拉。太少树木。”他们认为。甚至邻近省份的一些建议搬迁到他们的考拉。大多数澳大利亚人认为，当局必须尽一切所能，避免杀害考拉因为这样做会是一个国家的耻辱。

篇二：树袋熊

树袋熊

树袋熊，又称考拉，是澳大利亚的国宝，也是澳大利亚奇特的珍贵原始树栖动物。英文名Koala bear来源于古代土著文字，意思是“no drink”。因为树袋熊从他们取食的桉树叶中获得所需的90%的水分，只在生病和干旱的时候喝水，当地人称它“克瓦勒”，意思也是“不喝水”。[1]

树袋熊并不是熊科动物，而且它们相差甚远。熊科属于食肉目，而树袋熊却属于有袋目。它每天18个小时处于睡眠状态，性情温顺，体态憨厚。 目录

1外形特征

北部考拉体型数据：

南部考拉体型数据：

体态描述

2分布范围

3生活习性

4生长繁殖

5生长环境

6易染疾病

7种群现状

8保护级别

1外形特征

树袋熊身体长约70～80厘米左右，成年雄性考拉体重一般在8～14公斤之间，而雌性则为6～11公斤。

北部考拉体型数据：

雄性头体长为70厘米、重量6.5公斤；雌性头体长为68厘米、重量5.1公斤。 南部考拉体型数据：

雄性头体长为78厘米、重量12公斤；雌性头体长为72厘米、重量8.5公斤。 体态描述

体态憨厚，长相酷似小熊，有一身又厚又软的浓密灰褐色短毛，胸部、腹部、四肢内侧和内耳皮毛呈灰白色。成年雄性考拉白色胸部中央具有一块特别醒目

的棕色香腺。分布在南部的考拉，因为需要适应较寒冷的气候

考拉熊母子

而拥有较大的体重和较厚的皮毛。厚厚的皮毛有利保持温度的恒定，下雨时可以避免身体遭受潮气和雨水的侵扰。

肌肉发达，四肢修长且强壮，适于在树枝间攀爬并支持它的体重。前肢与腿几乎等长，攀爬力量主要来自于发达的大腿肌肉。考拉的爪爪长、尖而弯曲，每只五趾分为两排，一排为二，一排为三，尤其适应于抓握物体和攀爬。粗糙的掌垫和趾垫可以帮助考拉紧抱树枝，四肢均具尖锐的长爪。前掌具5个手指，其中2个手指与其它3指相对，就象人类的拇指，因而可与其它指对握，这可以使考拉可以更安全自信地紧握物体。脚掌上，除大脚趾没有长爪外，其它趾均具尖锐长爪，且第二趾与第三趾相连。

树袋熊(5张)

生有一对大耳朵，耳有茸毛，鼻子裸露且扁平，没有尾巴，这是因为它的尾巴经过漫长的岁月已经退化成一个“座垫”，臀部的皮毛厚而密，因而能长时间坐在树上，平衡感极强。[2]

考拉的牙齿非常适合于处理他们的特殊食物。尖利的长门齿负责从树上夹住桉树叶，而臼齿则负责剪切并磨碎。门齿与臼齿间的缝隙地带，可以让考拉的舌头高效地嘴里搅拌混和食物团。[3]

2分布范围

树袋熊是澳大利亚的特有种有袋类动物，分布澳大利亚在大分水岭的东北部。 3生活习性

树袋熊(16张)

考拉大体归属为夜行性动物，在夜间及晨昏时活动旺盛，因为这比在白天气温较高时活动更能节省水分与能量消耗。白天通常将身子蜷作一团栖息在桉树上，晚间才外出活动，沿着树枝爬上爬下，寻找桉叶充饥。一生的大部分时间生活在桉树上，但偶尔也会因为更换栖息树木或吞食帮助消化的砾石下到地面。以桉树叶和嫩枝为食，桉树叶是他们唯一的食物。他们几乎从不下地饮水，因为从桉树叶中能得到足够的水分。它们的肝脏十分奇特，能分离桉树叶中的有毒物质，因此考拉的睡眠时间很长以消化有毒物质，每日需睡眠17～20小时，仅剩余4个小时用来采食、活动、个人卫生清洁及与其它考拉进行交流。

考拉性情温驯，行动迟缓，从不对其他动物构成威胁。考拉反应极慢，这个动物反射弧好像特别的长。曾经有人尝试，用手捏考拉一下，考拉经过很久的时间才惊叫出声。[1]

考拉鼻子特别发达，能轻易地分辨出不同种类的桉树叶，并发觉哪些可以采食，哪些有毒而不能采食，也能嗅出别的考拉所遗留标记的警告性气味。考拉会发出多种声音与其它考拉进行联系和沟通，雄性考拉主要通过吼叫来表明它的统治与支配地位，从而尽量避免打斗消耗能量，并向其它动物表明它的位置。

[3]

树袋熊一眼就能看出某棵树是属于自己还是属于别的树袋熊。树袋熊会在树基

部留下自己小球状的排泄物。甚至一只考拉死后一年之久，别的考拉都不会搬进这块空的家域，因为这段时间，前一只考拉身体留下的香味标记和爪刮擦树皮标记尚未自然风化消失。一只年轻的考拉性成熟时，它必须离开其母亲的家域范围，寻找属于自己的领域。它的目标是发现并加入另一繁殖种群，这比发现适于居住的栖息环境更重要。总是有一些暂时游荡于稳定群体之外的雄性树袋熊，常常观望于繁殖群体边缘，等待加入其中并成为永久性居民。

无论是白天还是夜晚，当处于安全的家域树上的时候，考拉会自然地呈现出各种不同的坐姿和睡姿，同时也会因为躲避太阳或享受微风向而不停地在树上移动位置。天气炎热时，考拉会摊开四肢并微微摇摆，以保持凉爽，而天气变冷时，则会将身体缩成一团以保持体温。[3]

考拉能游泳，但只是偶尔为之。

4生长繁殖

考拉的繁殖季节为8月至次年2月，雌性考拉一般3-4岁时开始繁殖，通常一年只繁殖一只小仔。新生的考拉有一对大耳朵，耳有毛绒，鼻子裸露且扁平，没有尾巴。

22-30周龄时，母考拉会从肓肠中排出一种半流质的软质食物让小考拉采食。这种食物非常重要，不但非常柔软，易于小考拉采食，而且营养丰富，含有较多水分和微生物，易于消化和吸收。这种食物将伴随着小考拉度过从母乳到采食桉树叶的这段重要的过渡时期，直到小考拉可以完全地采食桉树叶为止，就像人类婴孩在吃固体食物之前，会吃一段时间的粥状的半流质食物一样。

小考拉生活在育儿袋口中直至1岁左右，小考拉会继续与母考拉一起生活，直至下一胎的小考拉出生为止。这时，小考拉就不得不离开母亲，寻找属于自己的领域。如果母考拉不是每年都繁殖的话，那么，小考拉会与母亲一起生活更长时间，所以，小考拉成活的机会也就越大。

在澳大利亚，考拉的繁殖季节为8月至次年2月，期间雄性考拉的活动会更旺盛，并更频繁地发出比平时更高的吼叫声。年轻的考拉离开母考拉开始独立生活时也会如此。

考拉的妊娠期为35天，通常情况下每胎只产一仔，刚生出来的树袋熊不足一寸，体重仅5.0～5.5克重。

雌性考拉一般3～4岁时开始繁殖，通常一年只繁殖一只小仔。然而，并不是所有的野生雌性考拉每年都会繁殖。新生的考拉有一对大耳朵，耳有毛绒，鼻子裸露且扁平，没有尾巴。这种食物易于小考拉采食，而且营养丰富，含有较多水分和微生物，易于消化和吸收。小考拉从母乳到采食桉树叶的这段重要的过渡时期一直食用这种食物，直到小考拉可以完全地采食桉树叶为止。小考拉食用时会从育儿袋口探出身体，采食母考拉从盲肠排出的半流质软食时，会将袋口拉伸以至朝向后方。[4]

小考拉采食半流质食物期间，会逐渐爬出育儿袋口，直至完全地躺在母考拉的腹部进行采食，经过6个月开始采食新鲜的桉树叶并爬到母考拉的背部生活。小考拉从育儿袋中取食母乳直至1岁左右。但是，小考拉的身体越来越大，不能将头部伸进育儿袋中，于是，母考拉的奶头会伸长，并突出于开放的袋口，小考拉胆小，一受到惊吓就连哭带叫，声音好像刚出生不久的婴儿。小考拉会为取暖和躲藏而拥抱着母考拉腹部，但有时也会骑在母考拉背部。小考拉会与母考拉一起生活，直至下一胎的小考拉出生为止。如果母考拉不是每年都繁殖的话，小考拉会与母亲一起生活更长时间，成活的机会也就越大。12月龄以后，小考拉离开母亲开创属于自己的家园，寻找自己的领地。到3～4岁性成熟，平均年龄为10～15年左右。[4]

篇三：各种动植物的英文名称

horse 马 mare 母马 colt, foal 马驹，小马

pony 矮马 thoroughbred 纯种马 mustang 野马 mule 骡

ass, donkey 驴

ox 牛 buffalo 水牛 bull 公牛 cow 母牛 calf 小牛，牛犊

bullock, steer 小阉牛 heifer 小母牛

pig, swine 猪 boar 种猪 hog 阉猪，肥猪 gilt 小母猪

piglet 猪崽 sheep 羊

ewe 母羊 goat 山羊 lamb 羊羔，羔羊 zebra 斑马

antilope 羚羊 gazelle 小羚羊

deer 鹿 reindeer 驯鹿 giraffe 长颈鹿

camel 骆驼 dromedary 单峰驼 llama 大羊驼 guanaco 原驼

alpaca 羊驼 vicuna 小羊驼 elephant 象

rhinoceros 犀牛 hippopotamus 河马

cat 猫 tabby, she-cat, grimalkin 雌猫 tomcat 雄猫, 公猫

kitten, kitty, pussy 小猫

lion 狮 lynx 猞猁 panther, puma 美洲豹 leopard 豹

tiger 虎 wildcat 野猫 bison 美洲野牛 yak 牦牛badger 獾 weasel 鼬，黄鼠狼 otter 水獭 fox 狐

hyena, hyaena 鬣狗 wolf 狼 squirrel 松鼠 dormouse 睡鼠

beaver 河狸 marmot 土拨鼠 ferret 雪貂

hare 野兔 rat 鼠 chinchilla 南美栗鼠 gopher 囊地鼠

Guinea pig 豚鼠mole 鼹鼠 mouse 家鼠 vole 田鼠

monkey 猴子 chimpanzee 黑猩猩 gorilla 大猩猩

orangutan 猩猩 gibbon 长臂猿 sloth 獭猴

anteater 食蚁兽 duckbill, platypus 鸭嘴兽 kangaroo 袋鼠

koala 考拉，树袋熊 hedgehog 刺猬 porcupine 箭猪，豪猪

bat 蝙蝠 armadillo 犰狳 whale 鲸 dolphin 河豚

porpoise 大西洋鼠海豚 seal 海豹 walrus 海象

eagle 鹰 bald eagle 白头鹰 condor 秃鹰

hawk, falcon 隼 heron 苍鹰 golden eagle 鹫

kite 鹞 vulture 秃鹫 cock 公鸡 hen 母鸡

chicken 鸡，雏鸡 guinea, fowl 珍珠鸡 turkey 火鸡

peacock 孔雀 duck 鸭 mallard 野鸭，凫 teal 小野鸭

gannet 塘鹅 goose 鹅 pelican 鹈鹕 cormorant 鸬鹚

swan 天鹅 cob 雄天鹅 cygnet 小天鹅 gander, wild goose 雁 dove 鸽 pigeon 野鸽 turtle dove 斑鸠 pheasant 雉，野鸡

grouse 松鸡 partridge 石鸡，鹧鸪 ptarmigan 雷鸟

quail 鹌鹑 ostrich 鸵鸟 stork 鹳 woodcock 山鹬 snipe 鹬

gull, seagull 海鸥 albatross 信天翁 kingfisher 翠鸟

bird of paradise 极乐鸟，天堂鸟 woodpecker 啄木鸟

parrot 鹦鹉 cockatoo 大葵花鹦鹉 macaw 金刚鹦鹉

parakeet 长尾鹦鹉 cuckoo 杜鹃，布谷鸟 crow 乌鸦

blackbird 乌鸫 magpie 喜鹊 swallow 燕子 sparrow 麻雀

nightingale 夜莺 canary 金丝雀 starling 八哥

thrush 画眉 goldfinch 金翅雀 chaffinch 苍头燕雀

robin 知更鸟 plover 千鸟 lark 百鸟，云雀 swift 褐雨燕

whitethroat 白喉雀 hummingbird 蜂雀 penguin 企鹅

owl 枭，猫头鹰 scops owl 角枭，耳鸟 snake 蛇

adder, viper 蝰蛇 boa 王蛇 cobra 眼镜蛇 copperhead 美洲腹蛇

coral snake 银环蛇 grass snake 草蛇 moccasin 嗜鱼蛇 python 蟒蛇 rattlesnake 响尾蛇 lizard 蜥蜴 tuatara 古蜥蜴

chameleon 变色龙，避役 iguana 鬣蜥 wall lizard 壁虎

salamander, triton, newt 蝾螈 giant salamander 娃娃鱼，鲵

crocodile 鳄鱼，非洲鳄 alligator 短吻鳄，美洲鳄

caiman, cayman 凯门鳄 gavial 印度鳄 turtle 龟

tortoise 玳瑁 sea turtle 海龟 bullfrog 牛蛙

toad 蟾蜍 frog 青蛙

植物：

rose 玫瑰花 tulip 郁金香 balsam 凤仙花 canna 美人蕉

lily 百合花 jasmine 茉莉 sweet pea 香豌豆花 sunflower 向日葵 geranium 大竺葵 morning-glory 牵牛花 cosmos 大波斯菊

pansy 三色堇 poppy 罂粟花 marigold 金盏花 carnation 麝香石竹 amaryllis 孤挺花 dahlia 大丽花 pink 石竹花 crocus 番红花

iris 蝴蝶花 hyacinth 风信花 daffodil 黄水仙 chrysanthemum 菊 marguerite, daisy 雏菊 gladiolus 剑兰 cantury plant 龙舌兰

magnolia 木兰 yucca 丝兰 orchid 兰花 freesia 小苍兰

cyclamen 仙客来 begonia 秋海棠 anemone 银莲花 wisteria 柴藤 redbud 紫荆 dogwood 山茱萸 hawthorn 山楂 camellia 山茶 hydrangea 八仙花 hibiscus 木槿 peony 芍药 azalea 杜鹃 rhododendron 杜鹃花 daphne 瑞香 gardenia 栀子 lilac 紫丁香 night-blooming cereus 仙人掌

pear 梨 quince 柑橘 apricot 杏 plum 洋李 pistil 雌蕊

ovary 子房 petal 花瓣 anther 花药 stamen 雄蕊

nectar gland 蜜腺 sepal 萼片 stalk 花柄 pollen 花粉

pine 松 cerdar 雪松类 larch 落叶松 juniper 杜松

cone 松果 cypress 柏树 bamboo 竹 box 黄杨 poplar 白杨

cottonwood 三角叶杨 osier 紫皮柳树 willow 垂柳 birch 白桦 maple 枫树 sequoia 红杉 fir 冷杉 hemlock spruce 铁杉

spruce 云杉 yew 紫杉 eucalytus 桉树 locust 洋槐 wattle 金合欢树 camphor tree 樟树 rosewood 紫檀 ebony 乌檀 sandalwood 檀香木 satinwood 椴木 linden 椴树 rowan 欧洲山梨 teak 柚木树

elm 榆木树 oak 橡树 acorn 橡树果 sycamore 美国梧桐

ginkgo 银杏树 holly 冬青 coco 椰树 date 枣椰树

hickory 山核桃树 plane tree 悬铃树 beech 山毛榉

horse chestnut 七叶树 blackthorn 黑刺李 baobab 猴面包树

elder 接骨木 myrtle 桃金娘科植物 cycad 苏铁 oil palm 油棕榈树

treetop 树梢 branch 树枝 twig 小树枝 bough 大树枝 knot 树节 trunk 树干 leaf 树叶 sprout 新芽 sapling 树苗 stump 树桩

root 树根 root hair 根毛 taproot 主根 bark 树皮 resin 树脂 pith 木髓 cambium 形成层 ring 年轮 wood 木材

azalea 杜鹃花 begonia 秋海棠 Brazil 巴西木 cactus 仙人掌 camellia 山茶花 carnation 麝香石竹(康乃馨)

Chinese enkianthus 灯笼花 Chinese flowering crab-apple 海棠花 chrysanthemum 菊花 dahlia 大丽花 daisy 雏菊 datura 曼陀罗 epiphyllum 昙花 fringed iris 蝴蝶花

fuchsia 倒挂金钟 gardenia 栀子 India canna 美人蕉

jasmine 茉莉 lilac 丁香 lily 百合 mangnolia 木兰花

mangnolia 玉兰花 morning glory 牵牛(喇叭花)

narcissus 水仙花 oleander 夹竹桃 orchid 兰花

pansy 三色堇 peony 牡丹 peony 芍药 phalaenopsis 蝶兰

rose 玫瑰 rose 月季 setose asparagus 文竹

touch-me-not (balsam) 凤仙花 tulip 郁金香

violet, stock violet 紫罗兰 water hyacinth 凤眼兰

蔬菜：

arrowhead慈菇 asparagus芦笋 balsam apple苦瓜

bamboo sprout竹笋 bean豆荚，蚕豆 beet甜菜

篇四：考拉和悉尼歌剧院的英文介绍

考拉和悉尼歌剧院的英文介绍

The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore native to Australia, and the only extant representative of the family Phascolarctidae.

The Koala is found in coastal regions of eastern and southern Australia, from near Adelaide to the southern part of Cape York Peninsula. Populations also extend for considerable distances inland in regions with enough moisture to support suitable woodlands. The Koalas of South Australia were largely exterminated during the early part of the 20th century, but the state has since been repopulated with Victorian stock. The Koala is not found in Tasmania or Western Australia.

The Sydney Opera House is located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia on Bennelong Point. It was conceived and largely built by Danish architect J?rn Utzon, who in 2003 received the Pritzker Prize, architecture's highest honour.[1] The citation stated“ There is no doubt that the Sydney Opera House is his masterpiece. It is one of the great iconic buildings of the 20th century, an image of great beauty that has become known throughout the world – a symbol for not only a city, but a whole country and continent. ”

The Opera House was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 28 June 2007.[2] It is one of the world's most distinctive 20th century buildings, and one of the most famous performing arts centres in the world.

The Sydney Opera House is situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour, close to the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Contrary to the implication of the name, it houses a multi-venue performing arts centre, rather than a single Opera theatre. As well as hosting many touring productions in a variety of performance genres, the Sydney Opera House is a major presenting venue for Opera Australia, The Australian Ballet, the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony. It is administered by the Sydney Opera House Trust, under the New South Wales Ministry of the Arts.

悉尼歌剧院的英文介绍

Sydney Opera House must be one of the most recognisable images of the modern world - up there with the Eiffel Tower and the Empire State Building - and one of the most photographed.

Not only is it recognisable, it has come to represent 'Australia'.

Although only having been open since 1973, it is as representative of Australia as the pyramids are of(来自:WWw.SmhaiDa.com 海达范文网:树袋熊的英文资料) Egypt and the Colosseum of Rome.

The Opera House is situated on Bennelong Point, which reaches out into the harbour. The skyline of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, the blue water of the harbour and the Sydney Opera House, viewed from a ferry or from the air, is dramatic and unforgettable.

Ironic, perhaps, that this Australian icon - the Opera House with a roof evocative of a ship at

full sail - was designed by renowned Danish architect - J?rn Utzon.

In the late 1950s the NSW Government established an appeal fund to finance the construction of the Sydney Opera House, and conducted a competition for its design.

Utzon's design was chosen. The irony was that his design was, arguably, beyond the capabilities of engineering of the time. Utzon spent a couple of years reworking the design and it was 1961 before he had solved the problem of how to build the distinguishing feature - the 'sails' of the roof.

Sydney Opera House from the harbour, photo courtesy of Andrew Watts

The venture experienced cost blow-outs and there were occasions when the NSW Government was tempted to call a halt. In 1966 the situation - with arguments about cost and the interior design, and the Government withholding progress payments - reached crisis point and J?rn Utzon resigned from the project. The building was eventually completed by others in 1973.

Sydney Opera House facts and figures

The Sydney Opera house:

Was designed by Danish architect J?rn Utzon.

Was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 20 October 1973.

Presented, as its first performance, The Australian Opera's production of War and Peace by Prokofiev.

Cost $AU 102,000,000 to build.

Conducts 3000 events each year.

Provides guided tours to 200,000 people each year.

Has an annual audience of 2 million for its performances.

Includes 1000 rooms.

Is 185 metres long and 120 metres wide.

Has 2194 pre-cast concrete sections as its roof.

Has roof sections weighing up to 15 tons.

Has roof sections held together by 350 kms of tensioned steel cable.

Has over 1 million tiles on the roof.

Uses 6225 square metres of glass and 645 kilometres of electric cable.

SYDNEY, Australia

-- Around every bend in Australia, there are natural beauties and magnificent vistas. But perhaps nothing identifies the country more than a breathtaking view of the Sydney Opera House.

The Opera House, designed by Danish architect J?rn Utzon, is lauded by many as one of the architectural wonders of the modern world. It attracts 90 percent of tourists who visit Sydney and acts as a major home to the performing arts in Australia.

Australian cuisine

The site of the opera house is some 500 yards from where the first European colonists landed in 1788. Fort Macquarie was established there at Bennelong Point in 1821. A tram depot came along in 1902. Trams were phased out in the 1950s, not long after Sydney Symphony Orchestra conductor Eugene Goossens began actively floating the idea of a concert hall. A government official seized on the concept and established an advisory committee, which selected the site of the old tram shed as the new home of the Sydney Opera House.

In 1956, the government announced an international design competition. Utzon won the next year with his distinctive "soaring sails" vision of a harborside center. He said his idea for the structure had come from a simple source: the orange.

"All the shells are cut out of the same sphere," says Michael Lynch, chief executive of the Opera House Trust, "and now all have a common denominator."

In an interesting aside, renowned American architect Frank Lloyd Wright didn't approve of the blueprints. "The circus tent is not architecture," Wright said.

Reconciling with the architect

Construction of the Opera House took almost a decade and a half, and cost US $66 million, more than 14 times original projections

Construction began in 1959. It was supposed to take four years and cost $7 million Australian (US $4.7 million) -- to be paid from lottery revenues. That turned out to be an unrealistic figure.

"They went through extraordinary difficulty in trying to make the building work," Lynch says. "The sails themselves are all made out of pre-stressed concrete at a point where that was pretty much cutting-edge technology."

Construction wasn't finished until 14 years later in 1973, with a $100 million Australian (US $66 million) price tag. Utzon didn't stick around for the completion. He left in 1966, disgusted with changes the New South Wales government wanted to make to his design -- as early as the first year of construction, for example, officials had demanded he double the number of performance spaces in the facility.

Utzon vowed never to return. "I don't care if they pull the opera house down," he's reported to have said.

The architect, now 81, apparently has had some change of heart over the years. The Sydney Morning Herald reports that he's agreed to help Australian architects upgrade the building. The

article says they'll travel to the Spanish island of Majorca to consult with Utzon on redesigning the interior to match the exterior. Utzon is not expected to come to Sydney for the project.

Going for more than just concerts

The ceiling of the Opera House. The architect said the design concept came from an orange: 'Shells ... cut out of the same sphere'

The complex boasts several performance halls that carry every genre of entertainment, from jazz to ballet. An estimated 3,000 performances each year are seen by about two million people.

"I think it's one of the great performance arts centers in the world," Lynch says. "The performing arts in Australia have blossomed, I think, largely because of the role that this building plays."

Visitors are drawn to more than the performances. The complex holds cafes and shops, too. Today, more than 300,000 visitors tour the opera house each year.

And with the eyes of the world turning to Australia for the year 2000 and its Summer Olympic Games there, it's a safe bet that the Sydney Opera House will remain the nation's true center stage.

悉尼的英文简介

Australia's premier city is the oldest settlement in Australia, the economic powerhouse of the nation and the country's capital, Canberra is everything but name. Built on the shores of the stunning Port Jackson, you would have to die and go to heaven before you see a more spectacular setting for a city. It's a vital, self-regarding metropolis, making itself a melting pot with people from all over the world.

When to Go

The best times to visit are of spring and autumn, especially around March to April or October to November. Sydney is blessed with a temperate climate. Sometimes torrential downpours often break the heat between October and March. Winters are cool rather than cold. Beach lovers unperturbed by the hazards of lizard-skin should come between December and February.

Sydney Harbor

The harbor is the defining characteristic of the city. Its multiple sandstone headlands, dramatic cliffs, rocky islands and stunning bays and beaches, make it one of the most beautiful stretches of water in the world. Officially called Port Jackson, the harbor stretches some 20km inland to join the mouth of the Parramatta River. The most scenic area is on the ocean side of the bridge. The Sydney Harbor National Park protects the scattered pockets of bushland around the harbour and offers good walking tracks. The best way to experience the harbour is to go sailing, but if you're lacking nautical skills there are plenty of ways to enjoy it. Try catching the Manly ferry, swimming at Nielsen Park, walking from Manly to Spit Bridge, having a drink at Watsons Bay, dining with a view at Rose Bay, Balmoral or Circular Quay, or cruising to the heads on the Bounty.

Sydney Opera House

Australia's most recognizable icon is dramatically situated on the eastern headland of Circular Quay. Its famous sail- and shell-like roofs were inspired by palm fronds, according to architect Jorn Utzon, but may remind you of turtles engaging in sexual congress. The Opera House is so unique that it has been photographed a zillion times, appears on an army of cheap t-shirts, every other Sydney postcard and decorates the frames of Dame Edna's dramatic glasses. It was built between 1959 and 1973, but plagued with construction delays and political difficulties which culminated in the resignation of Utzon in 1966. Although some visitors are disappointed by the interior, designed by a consortium of Australians after Utzon quit, it's a truly memorable place to see a performance or to sit at one of its outdoor cafes with a bottle of white wine and watch harbour life go by. The Opera House hosts theatre, classical music, ballet and film, as well as the seasonal opera performances. There is free music on the prow of the Opera House on weekends and a craft market on the forecourt on Sunday.

篇五：考拉介绍1

树袋熊又叫考拉、无尾熊、可拉熊，学名：Phascolarctos cinereus 英文：Koala bear来源于古代土著文字，意思是“no drink”。因为树袋熊从他们取食的桉树叶中获得所需的90％的水分，而它们只在生病和干旱的时候喝水。树袋熊每天18个小时处于睡眠状态

考拉和树袋熊是同义词，已合并。

亚纲：

目：

科： 属： 后兽亚纲 有袋目 树袋熊科 树袋熊

属 中文名称： 树袋熊 别称： 二名法： 界： 门： 亚门： 纲： 考拉、无尾熊、可拉熊 Phascolarctos cinereus 动物界 脊索动物门 脊椎动物亚门 哺乳纲 澳大利分布区域： 亚

保护级别： 无危

树袋熊生活在澳大利亚，既是澳大利亚的国宝，又是澳大利亚奇特的珍贵原始树栖动物，属哺乳类中的有袋目考拉科。分布于澳大利亚东南部的尤加利树林区。 考拉虽然又被称为“树袋熊”、“考拉熊”、“无尾熊”、“树懒熊”，但它并不是熊科动物。而且它们相差甚远，熊科属于食肉目，树袋熊却属于有袋目。 外形特征和习性

树袋熊身体长约70-80厘米，成年体重8-15公斤，性情温顺，体态憨厚，长相酷似小熊，有一身又厚又软的浓密灰褐色短毛，胸部、腹部、四肢内侧和内耳皮毛呈灰白色， 生有一对大耳朵，耳有毛丛，鼻子裸露且扁平，没有尾巴，这是因为它的尾巴经过漫长的岁月已经退化成一个“座垫”，因而能长时间舒适潇洒地坐在树上。它四肢粗壮，尖爪锐利，长而弯曲,它的爪尖利，每只五趾分为两排，一排为二，一排为三，善于攀树，且多数时间呆在高高的树上，就连睡觉也不下来。以桉树叶和嫩枝为食，几乎从不下地饮水,这是因为树袋熊从桉树叶中得到了足够的水分，因此，一般很少饮水，所以当地人称它“克瓦勒”，意思就是“不喝水”。 但这和它生活的环境有关，澳大利亚土地比较贫瘠，所以桉树摄入的营养物质比较少，而考拉正是以这种树为食，自然而然，考拉从桉树中得到能量也相对稀少，因此，它们必须要减少自己的活动量，来储存更多的热量帮助它们生存，而且，考拉很喜欢晒太阳，经常爬在树上不动．

树袋熊的怀孕期为３５天，每胎只产一仔，刚生出来的小熊不足一寸，体重仅5.5克重，在母亲背上的育儿袋中生活６个月后爬到母亲的背上生活，当幼崽长到１岁时便会离开母亲独立生活。到3-4年性成熟，寿命为20年左右。

树袋熊独居，它们一生的大部分时间生活在桉树上，但偶尔也会因为更换栖息树木或吞食帮助消化的砾石下到地面．它们的肝脏十分奇特，能分离桉树叶中的有毒物质．桉树叶是他们唯一的食物．

树袋熊通过发出的嗡嗡声和呼噜声交流，也会通过散发的气味发出信号． 由于书呆效能．

白天，树袋熊通常将身子蜷作一团栖息在桉树上，晚间才外出活动，沿着树枝爬上爬下，寻找桉叶充饥。它胃口很大，食路狭窄，非桉叶不吃。虽然澳大利亚有300多种桉树，可树袋熊只吃其中的12种 。它特别喜欢吃玫瑰桉树、甘露桉树和斑桉树上的叶子 。一只成年树袋熊每天能吃掉1千克左右的桉树叶。桉叶汁多味香，含有桉树脑和水茴香萜，因此，树袋熊的身上总是散发着一种馥郁清香的桉叶香味。

外形特征和习性

树袋熊身体长约70-80厘米，成年体重8-15公斤，性情温顺，体态憨厚，长相酷似小熊，有一身又厚又软的浓密灰褐色短毛，胸部、腹部、四肢内侧和内耳皮毛呈灰白色， 生有一对大耳朵，耳有毛丛，鼻子裸露且扁平，没有尾巴，这是因为它的尾巴经过漫长的岁月已经退化成一个“座垫”，因而能长时间舒适潇洒地坐在树上。它四肢粗壮，尖爪锐利，长而弯曲,它的爪尖利，每只五趾分为两排，一排为二，一排为三，善于攀树， 且多数时间呆在高高的树上，就连睡觉也不下来。以桉树叶和嫩枝为食，几乎从不下地饮水,这是因为树袋熊从桉树叶中得到了足够的水分，因此，一般很少饮水，所以当地人称它“克瓦勒”，意思就是“不喝水”。 但这和它生活的环境有关，澳大利亚土地比较贫瘠，所以桉树摄入的营养物质比较少，而考拉正是以这种树为食，自然而然，考拉从桉树中得到能量也相对稀少，因此，它们必须要减少自己的活动量，来储存更多的热量帮助它们生存，而且，考拉很喜欢晒太阳，经常爬在树上不动．

树袋熊的怀孕期为３５天，每胎只产一仔，刚生出来的小熊不足一寸，体重仅5.5克重，在母亲背上的育儿袋中生活６个月后爬到母亲的背上生活，当幼崽长到１岁时便会离开母亲独立生活。到3-4年性成熟，寿命为20年左右。

树袋熊独居，它们一生的大部分时间生活在桉树上，但偶尔也会因为更换栖息树木或吞食帮助消化的砾石下到地面．它们的肝脏十分奇特，能分离桉树叶中的有毒物质．桉树叶是他们唯一的食物．

树袋熊通过发出的嗡嗡声和呼噜声交流，也会通过散发的气味发出信号． 由于书呆效能．

白天，树袋熊通常将身子蜷作一团栖息在桉树上，晚间才外出活动，沿着树枝爬上爬下，寻找桉叶充饥。它胃口很大，食路狭窄，非桉叶不吃。虽然澳大利亚有300多种桉树，可树袋熊只吃其中的12种 。它特别喜欢吃玫瑰桉树、甘露桉树和斑桉树上的叶子 。一只成年树袋熊每天能吃掉1千克左右的桉树叶。桉叶汁多味香，含有桉树脑和水茴香萜，因此，树袋熊的身上总是散发着一种馥郁清香的桉叶香味。 编辑本段家域范围

考拉家域范围的大小取决于其未开垦的栖息环境质量，其中一项重要的标准就是考拉采食的关键树种的密度。考拉的“家域树”可以定义为：作为边界线标志用来标记不同考拉个体间树木归属的关键树。在人类看来，这些标记并不显眼，但作为考拉，一眼就能看出某棵树是属于自己，还是属于别的考拉的。

甚至一只考拉死后一年之久，别的考拉都不会搬进这块空的家域，因为这段时间，属于前一只考拉身体留下的香味标记和爪刮擦树皮标记的自然风化与消失时间。

当一只年轻的考拉性成熟时，它必须离开其母亲的家域范围，寻找属于自己的领域。它的目标是发现并加入另一个繁殖种群。发现别的考拉比发现适于居住的栖息环境更重要，尽管环境也是一个先决条件。

总是有一些暂时游荡于稳定群体之外的动物，作为考拉，这些动物个体则经常是雄性，常常观望于繁殖群体边缘，等待加入其中并成为永久性居民。 所有的家域树和食物树对于考拉群体中每一个成员的福利来讲都是非常重要的，任何其中的一种树木的移动和消失都会破坏考拉种群，广阔的空旷地对考拉种群来讲也是一个潜在的破坏因素，因为它会将考拉置于被狗攻击、遭遇车祸、营养不良和疾病侵扰的不利境地。 编辑本段生命周期与繁殖

在澳大利亚，考拉的繁殖季节为8月至次年2月，期间，雄性考拉的活动会更旺盛，并更频繁地发出比平时更高的吼叫声。年轻的考拉离开母考拉开始独立生活时也会如此。如果考拉生活在偏远地带或靠近主要公路，那么，这将预示着，这期间也是考拉护理人员最忙碌的时段，因为考拉过路时，会因为遭遇车祸及狗攻击等等因素而增大受伤与疾病的机会。 雌性考拉一般3—4岁时开始繁殖，通常一年只繁殖一只小仔。然而，并不是所有的野生雌性考拉每年都会繁殖，有些雌性考拉每2-3年才会繁殖一次，这主要取决于雌性考拉的年龄和栖息环境的质量状况。平均起来，野生雌性考拉的寿命大约为12岁，这就意味着，一只雌性考拉一生中仅能繁殖5-6只小考拉。

考拉的怀孕期仅为35天，出生时，小考拉才2厘米长，不到1克重，没有毛发、视力与听力，看起来象一只粉红色的软糖。

出生后，小考拉会在完全没有母亲帮助的情况下，凭着自己发育良好地嗅觉与触觉能力、强壮的前肢和爪、以及先天具有的方向感，独立自主地爬到母亲腹部的育儿袋中。一旦安全地抵达育儿袋，小考拉会紧紧地含住2个乳头中的一个，从而保证小考拉生长所需的食物来源。同时，母考拉会收缩育儿袋的肌肉，以免小考拉从育儿袋中跌落。

在头6、7个月的时间里，小考拉只吃母乳，且从不钻出育儿袋，期间，小考拉的眼睛、耳朵和皮毛等等会慢慢地得到发育。大约22周龄时，小考拉才睁开眼睛，并从育儿袋中钻出脑袋，窥视外面的世界。22-30周龄时，母考拉会从肓肠中排出一种半流质的软质食物让小考拉采食。这种食物非常重要，不但非常柔软，易于小考拉采食，而且营养丰富，含有较多水分和微生物，易于消化和吸收。这种食物将伴随着小考拉度过从母乳到采食桉树叶的这段重要的过渡时期，直到小考拉可以完全地采食桉树叶为止，就象人类婴孩在吃固体食物之前，会吃一段时间的粥状的半流质食物一样。

小考拉从育儿袋口探出身体，采食母考拉从肓肠排出的半流质软食时，会将袋口拉伸以至朝向后方。所以，母考拉的育儿袋口是向下开口或向后开口的说法，严格来讲，并不准确。

小考拉采食半流质食物期间，会逐渐爬出育儿袋口，直至完全地躺在母考拉的腹部进行采食，最后终于开始采食新鲜的桉树叶并爬到母考拉的背部生活。当然，小考拉也会继续从育儿袋中取食母乳，直至1岁左右。但是，小考拉的身体越来越大，再也不能将头部伸进育儿袋中，于是，母考拉的奶头会伸长，并突出于开放的袋口。小考拉会继续与母考拉一起生活，直至下一胎的小考拉出生为止。这时，小考拉就不得不离开母亲，寻找属于自己的领域。如果母考拉不是每年都繁殖的话，那么，小考拉会与母亲一起生活更长时间，当然，小考拉成活的机会也就越大。

通常，雌性考拉的寿命会比雄性考拉更长，因为，雄性考拉常会在争夺配偶的打斗中受伤，也因为需要维护更大的领域不得不移动更大的距离而冒着更大的车祸与被狗等动物咬死咬伤的风险，占用更大的贫瘠土壤桉树林时也是如此。使用考拉的平均年龄数据较易令人产生误解，因为有些考拉的寿命长不过几星期或几个月，而有些考拉则能终老一生。生活在安静环境中的考拉寿命会比生活在城市郊区的更长。一些对成年雄性考拉的平均寿命估计为10年，但是，一些分散于高速公路或住宅区边缘的亚成年考拉的平均寿命却只有2-3岁。

一旦开始采食桉树叶，小考拉在生长得更加快、更加强壮的同时，也变得更加危险。首先，小考拉会为取暖和躲藏而拥抱着母考拉腹部，但有时也会骑在母考拉背部，最后，终于离开母考拉作短距离的行走，这些行为都会让小考拉冒着跌落并受伤的危险。

12月龄以后，小考拉离开母亲开创属于自己的家园，这使得小考拉的生活变得更加艰难，因为它要寻找自己的领地。在那里，必须有能够提供给小考拉可口食物的桉树林，并且靠近其它的考拉，并且最好是一些可以使它远离诸如树林毁灭、车祸和狗攻击的安全之地。澳大利亚考拉基金会估计，每年至少有4000只考拉死于车祸和狗的袭击，而栖息地的破坏则是对考拉生存最大的威胁。

编辑本段天敌

树袋熊在生活中有几个天敌，其中之一是澳大利亚犬(dingoes)，当树袋熊为了要从一棵树到另一棵而在地上行走时，不论是成年还是小树袋熊，都有可能受到澳大利亚犬的伤害；而小树袋熊有时则会受到老鹰

(wedge-tailed eagles)及猫头鹰的攻击；其他像是野生的猫、狗以及狐狸，也都是树袋熊的天敌之一。但现在树袋熊受到人类道路、交通的影响，使得栖息地的减少，这也可以说是另一种形式的敌人。

编辑本段疾病

树袋熊容易感染到数种不同的疾病，常见的两种像是结膜炎、湿屁股，是种肾脏和泌尿系统的疾病，其他还有呼吸系统的感染、一种头骨的疾病以及寄生虫等等。而衣原体细茵常被认为是导至树袋熊生病的主要原因，专家们正持续地在研究它和树袋熊族群们的关系。而可以发现的是树袋熊在人群拥挤或是食物供给量不足的地方生活时，会比较容易感染疾病。而有关如何使树袋熊受到更好的照顾，或是减少他们受到疾病感染及受伤的相关研究，一直都在进行当中。因为考拉是人类的好朋友. 编辑本段栖息环境

考拉栖息于澳大利亚东部沿海的岛屿、高大的桉树林以及内陆的低地森林等各种环境。然而，数百万年前，考拉的祖先却是生活在热带雨林中，长期的进化，使得考拉逐渐地退出了原有的栖息环境。野生的考拉只会在适合其居住的地方出现，其中有2个重要的因素必不可少，其一是居住地必须有考拉首选采食、并有适宜的土壤和降雨来保证生长的树种（包括非桉树树种）存在，其二是早已有其它的考拉在此定居。

研究表明，即使已知曾被考拉选择用作食物的树种存在，都不能保证考拉种群数量的稳定，除非有考拉首选的或特别喜欢的1、2种树分布于该地区。

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