what,is,a,dream

篇一：职称英语第八篇：What Is a Dream

第八篇：What Is a Dream?

For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some

psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person''s mind and emotions. Before modem times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams

scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams ( 1900 ), Freud wrote that dreams

are an expressions of a person''s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the

feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud'' s. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

Modem-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams

are tightly linked to a person''s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might

dream about crime.

Dornhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men''s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women''s dreams. 3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modem and traditional ones.

Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur,you shouldn''t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It''s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

注释：

1.SigmundFreud西格蒙德.费洛伊德（1856-1939），犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。精神分析学派的创始人。他认为被压抑的欲望绝大部分是属于性的，性的扰乱是精神病的根本原因。著有《性学三论》《梦的释义》《图腾与禁忌》《日常生活的心理病理学》《精神分析引论》《精神分析引论新编》等

2.Carl Jung:卡尔.荣格，瑞士著名精神分析专家，分析心理学的创始人

3.For example．the people in men’s dreams are often other men，and the dreams often involve fighting．This is not true of women’s dreams．例如，男人做梦会梦到男人，并且常与打斗有关；女人做梦与男人则不同。

练习：

1. Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 2. According to Freud,people dream about things that they cannot talk about. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 3. Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 4. In the past,people believed that dreams involved emotions. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

5. According to Dornhoff,babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

6. Men and women dream about different things. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 7. Scientists agree that dreams predict the future. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

答案解析

1．A这句话恰好表达了本文第一段的意思。即有些心理学家认为，人脑睡眠中的活动没有特别意义；而有些人则认为，梦可以揭示人的思维和情感。．

2．A第三段的最后一句讲的是弗洛伊德认为梦反映了人们在现实情况下害怕表达的情感、想法或恐惧。此句与本叙述一致。

3．B第四段的第二句和第三句：Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer．(荣格认为梦的用途是向做梦者传递一个信息)He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams．(他认为人们通过思考所做的梦能够更好地了解自己)。他给出了两个例子来说明他的论点。

4．C文中没有提及。

5．A依据第六段，Domhoff研究得出：婴儿不像成人做那么多的梦，做梦是一种需要时间提高的技能。这就说明了婴儿不具备成人做梦的能力。

6．A本文第七段讲述了做梦与性别的关系。第二句更指出男人和女人做的梦是不同的。

7．B最后一段的倒数第二句讲的是：梦可能会有意义，但并不表示一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。因而不能预测未来。

篇二：职称英语2014新增阅读判断_What_Is_a_Dream_译文

什么是梦？

许多世纪以来，人们都对他们梦到的奇异事情感到疑惑。一些心理学家认为，这种大脑的夜间活动并没有特殊含义。另一些人则认为，梦是生命中重要的一部分。实际上，许多专家认为，梦能揭示人的心理和情感活动。

近代以前，很多人认为梦传递的是上帝的信息。直到20世纪，人们才开始从

科学的角度研究梦。 奥地利心理学家西格蒙德?弗洛伊德或许是第一个用科学的

方法研究梦的人。在他的著作《梦的解析》(1900)中，弗洛伊德写道，梦是一个人愿望的表达。他认为梦打开了一扇窗，让人们得以表达在生活中不敢表达的情感、思想和恐惧。

瑞士精神病学家卡尔?荣格曾是弗洛伊德的学生，但他对梦的看法与弗洛伊德不同。他认为，做梦的目的是要给做梦的人传递一种信息。而人们想想自已做的梦，便能对自己有一个更深刻的了解。比如，如果梦到从高处坠落，那么他应该反思自己是不是白视过高。反过来，如果梦中自己成了英雄，应该想想平时可能太看低自己了。

现代心理学家还在继续发展关于梦的理论，来自位于圣克鲁兹的加利福尼亚大学的威廉?多姆霍夫就是其中一位。他认为，梦境和一个人的日常生活、思想和行为都紧密相关，比方说，一个罪犯就可能梦到犯罪。

多姆霍夫还认为，梦和年龄也有关系。他的研究表明，孩子不像成人做梦做的那么多。他认为，做梦也是一项心理机能，也需要随着年龄增长而发展。 多姆霍夫还发现梦和性别之间的关系。通过研究，他发现男性和女性的梦境常常是不同的。例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。多姆霍夫通过研究包括来自现代文化以及传统文化背

景在内的11种不同文化背景的人群梦境中的性别差异得出了上述结论。

梦能帮助我们更好地理解自己吗？心理学家还在尝试通过不同方式来解答这

个问题，不过，有一件事他们是意见一致的：如果你梦到有不好的事要发生，不要慌张。梦可能会有意义，但也不意味着你梦到的一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。要记住， 梦中的世界并不是真实的世界

。

音乐生物学 人们把音乐作为一种高效的交流方式，在爱情中它也可能会起到重要的作用。但是音乐是什么？它又是如何起到神奇的效果？科学界还没有给出答案。哪两项事物使得人类不同于动物？一个是语言，另一个是音乐。当然一些动

物会唱歌 (并且许多鸟唱得比很多人都好听) ，但是，动物的歌声是有限的，比

如鸟类和鲸鱼。同样，是人类而不是动物开发出了乐器。音乐是个奇怪的东西，

它与语言有明显的不同。但是，人们能够用音乐去传达——尤其是情感。当音乐

与歌曲中的语言结合在一起的时候，它就是一种强有力的表达方式。但是，从生物学来讲，音乐是什么？如果音乐与语言真的不同，那么我们应该在大脑的不同区域内对音乐和语言进行加工处理，科学证据也证实了这一点。有时，受过脑损伤的人会丧失他们处理语言的能力。但是，他们不会自动地丢失音乐才能。比如，维沙翁·舍巴林，一位苏联作曲家，在1953 年得了中风。他的大脑的左半边受到损害，他再也不能说话或是理解别人的话，但是他仍然能够谱曲，直到十年后他离开人世。另一方面，中风有时会使人们丧失音乐能力，但是他们仍然能够说话也能听懂别人的话。这就说明大脑是分别加了处理音乐和语言的。通过研究音乐在人身体上的物理效应，科学家也了解到许多关于音乐是如何影响情感的。但是，为什么音乐对我们有如此强烈的影响？这是一个更难回答的问题。伦敦大学学院的研究员杰弗里·米勒认为音乐和爱有紧密的关，音乐需要特殊才能、练习和体能。这也许是一种方式让你展示你适合做某人的伴侣。比如，按调唱歌或者弹奏乐器需要有很好的肌肉控制力。你也需要有好的记忆力来记住音符。能正确地演奏或者唱出这些音符也证明你的听力也非常好。所以，当一个男人唱给他心爱的女人时(反之亦然) 音乐就可能成为一种展示的方式。然而，米勒的理论仍然不能

解释为什么声音的特定结合可以深深地影响我们的情感。对于科学家来说，这显

然是一个需要深入研究的领域。

篇三：职称英语综合类阅读判断练习题：What Is a Dream

第九篇：What Is a Dream？

For centuries， people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others， however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact， many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.

Before modem times， many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

The Austrian psychologist， Sigmund Freud， was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book， The Interpretation of Dreams （ 1900）， Freud wrote that dreams

are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings， thoughts， and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.

The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung， however， had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking

about their dreams. For example， people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand， people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

Modem-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams……For example，

psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California， Santa Cruz， believes that dreams

are tightly linked to a person's daily fife， thoughts， and behavior. A criminal， for example， might

dream about crime.

Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff， drearning is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

_____________________________________________________________________

He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example， the people in men's dreams are often other men， and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of pe/ople from 11 cultures around the world， including both modem and traditional ones.

Can dreams help us understand ourselves？ Psychologists continue to try to answer this

question in different ways. However， one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur， you shouldn't panic. The dream may have meaning， but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

注释：

1.Sigmund Freud：西格蒙德？弗洛伊德（1856——1939），犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。精神分析学派的创始人。他认为被压抑的欲望绝大部分是属于性的，性的扰乱是精

神病的根本原因。著有《性学三论》《梦的释义》《图腾与禁忌》《日常生活的心理病理学》 《精神分析引论》《精神分析引论新编》等。

2.Carl Jung：卡尔？荣格，瑞士著名精神分析专家，分析心理学的创始人。

3.For example．the people in men‘S dreams are often other men，and the dreams often involve fighting．This is not true of women‘S dreams．例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。

练习题：

1. Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

2. According to Freud ，people dream about things that they cannot talk about.

A. Right

_____________________________________________________________________

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

3. Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

4. In the past， people believed that dreams involved emotions.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

5. According to Dornhoff， babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

6. Men and women dream about different things.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

7. Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

答案与题解：

1．A这句话恰好表达了本文第一段的意思。即有些心理学家认为人脑睡眠中的活动没有特 殊意义；而有些人则认为，梦可以揭示人的思维和情感活动。

2．A第三段的最后一句讲的是弗洛伊德认为梦反映了人们在现实情况下害怕表达的情感、思想和恐惧。此句与本叙述一致。

_____________________________________________________________________

3．B第四段的第二句和第三句：Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer．（荣格认为，梦的用途是向做梦者传递一个信息。）He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams．（他认为人们通过思考所做，的梦可以更好地了解自己。）他给出了两个例子来说明他的论点。

4．C文中没有提及。

5．A依据第六段，Domhoff研究表明，孩子不像成人做那么多的梦。他认为做?a href="http://www.zw2.cn/zhuanti/guanyuwozuowen/" target="_blank" class="keylink">我彩且幌钚闹腔埽枰孀拍炅湓龀ざ⒄埂?/p>

6．A本文第七段讲述了做梦与性别的关系。第二句更指出男人和女人做的梦是不同的。

7．B最后一段的倒数第二句讲的是：梦可能会有意义，但并不表示一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。因而不能预测未来。

_____________________________________________________________________

篇四：职称英语2014新增阅读判断 What Is a Dream 译文

What Is a Dream？

For centuries，people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact，many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.

Before modern times，many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

The Austrian psychologist，Sigmund Freud，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book，The interpretation of Dreams （1900），Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings，thoughts，and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.

The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example，people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand，people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example，psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California，Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life，thoughts，and behavior. A criminal，for example，might dream about crime.

Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff，dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example，the people in men’s dreams are often other men，and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world，including both modern and traditional ones.

Can dreams help us understand ourselves？ Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However，one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur，you shouldn’t panic. The dream may have meaning，but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

什么是梦？

许多世纪以来，人们都对他们梦到的奇异事情感到疑惑。一些心理学家认为，这种大脑的夜间活动并没有特殊含义。另一些人则认为，梦是生命中重要的一部分。实际上，许多专家认为，梦能揭示人的心理和情感活动。

近代以前，很多人认为梦传递的是上帝的信息。直到20世纪，人们才开始从科学的角度研究梦。 奥地利心理学家西格蒙德?弗洛伊德或许是第一个用科学的方法研究梦的人。在他的著作《梦的解析》(1900)中，弗洛伊德写道，梦是一个人愿望的表达。他认为梦打开了一扇窗，让人们得以表达在生活中不敢表达的情感、思想和恐惧。 瑞士精神病学家卡尔?荣格曾是弗洛伊德的学生，但他对梦的看法与弗洛伊德不同。他认为，做梦的目的是要给做梦的人传递一种信息。而人们想想自已做的梦，便能对自己有一个更深刻的了解。比如，如果梦到从高处坠落，那么他应该反思自己是不是白视过高。反过来，如果梦中自己成了英雄，应该想想平时可能太看低自己了。

现代心理学家还在继续发展关于梦的理论，来自位于圣克鲁兹的加利福尼亚大学的威廉?多姆霍夫就是其中一位。他认为，梦境和一个人的日常生活、思想和行为都紧密相关，比方说，一个罪犯就可能梦到犯罪。

多姆霍夫还认为，梦和年龄也有关系。他的研究表明，孩子不像成人做梦做的那么多。他认为，做梦也是一项心理机能，也需要随着年龄增长而发展。

多姆霍夫还发现梦和性别之间的关系。通过研究，他发现男性和女性的梦境常常是不同的。例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。多姆霍夫通过研究包括来自现代文化以及传统文化背景在内的11种不同文化背景的人群梦境中的性别差异得出了上述结论。

梦能帮助我们更好地理解自己吗？心理学家还在尝试通过不同方式来解答这个问题，不过，有一件事他们是意见一致的：如果你梦到有不好的事要发生，不要慌张。梦可能会有意义，但也不意味着你梦到的一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。要记住，梦中的世界并不是真实的世界。

篇五：What is dream

Have a dream in your heart and never let it gone

What is dream? Someone may ask. As far as I’m concerned, dream is an original motive for our further efforts; dream is like a bridge that connects us with the future; dream is a sparkling star which can lead us passionately to the final destination.

Everyone has a dream. Whatever your dream is, that is a good beginning to have one in your heart. However, we have to be faced with a harsh reality-what can we do when we someday dash onto a hard rock when we are striding大步迈进 in high spirit? Well, as a young man, let’s just forget it and move on. When we are crushed, just think what Helen Keller did to fight her fear of darkness. When we are in adversity(逆境), just let Hawking be your spiritual guide. Never forget that we are in the time of prime(风华正茂), there is nothing we cannot do. What makes the journey more exciting is the thorny棘手的 task we are to resolve.

Actually, we are living in a big happy family, and we are not alone, so we need to put ourselves into the grand background of the whole society and the entire country, and muster up召集，聚集 the passion and energy to make a better unity. Thus Chinese dream comes into being.

As a sophomore, I feel a great sense of proud and responsibility clinging to me. We are living in an age when the country needs our intellectuality and skill. We are bound to discipline ourselves into an all-round person ready to plunge into the great task of China. Personally, I

will link my dream to Chinese dream. Now the foremost thing for me is to study hard and to practice more, so that I can be armed to teeth全副武装 before I step into the society. Chinese dream is an ultimate aim that leads me forward and infuses into me the fervent火热的 energy.

Don’t be shy to have a dream, because your dream is one part of Chinese dream. Don't be afraid to realize a dream, because when your dream comes true, you are on your way to testifying your own value. Don't be hesitated to share your dream, because your dream and the process to realize it can be a great help to other people.

Whether you have gone through many things smoothly, or you have faltered 失败during your growth, never forget your dream and continue your pursuit of dream.

千万不要超时，最忌讳超时，所以适当删减或增加哈。

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