百科全书英语作文80字

篇一：七八九年级实用英语作文N篇(本人亲手整理)

我的新老师 My New Teacher

The new semester has begun. Every thing seems the same as before, except one thing. That is our class has a new English teacher. His name is Yang yang, but we always call his English name, Robert. He is a young and sunshine. He just graduated from university. His pronunciation is very good and I like his spoken English. Robert is humorous and his class is interesting and lively. Except for the textbook, he finds many other articles for class teaching, such as songs, movies and cartoons. He says that we can learn more from what we are interested in. I like this new teacher.

新学期已经开始了。除了一件事以外，每一件事看起来都和原来一样。那就是我们班来了个新的英语老师。他的名字叫杨阳，但是我们经常叫他的英文名Robert。他年轻阳光，刚刚从大学毕业。他的发音很标准，我很喜欢他的口语。Robert很幽默，他的课堂生动有趣。除开课本，他还找了很多文章进行课堂教学，比如歌曲，电影和卡通。他说我们可以从我们感兴趣的东西学到更多。我喜欢这位新老师。

中学生活 Middle School Life

When it comes to middle school life, many people will regard it as busy, enrich and happy. For me, it is. The most obvious factor for middle school is study, study and study. Every day, students have to have classes and finish endless homework. They don’t have too much to do the thing beyond study. But they can learn lots of knowledge, having a better understanding about the world. Last, although they are busy all the day, they can make friends with

students or teachers. Sometimes they still can play together. Though the life is hard, recall the life at that time is also very happy.

谈及中学生活时，很多人都会用忙碌，充实和开心来形容。对我来说，确实是这样。中学生活最明显的特点就是学习，学习，学习。每天学生都要去上课，完成那无止境的作业。他们并没有太多的时间来做学习以外的事。但是他们可以学到很多知识，对这个世界有着更深的了解。最后。虽然他们总是很忙，但是他们也仍然可以和同学，老师交朋友。有时候他们还可以一起玩。尽管生活艰辛，但是回想起那段时间仍然是很快乐的。

给朋友的一封信 A Letter to a Friend

Dear Amy,

亲爱的艾米：

Long time no see. How is everything going? I am writing to tell you a good new about me. I received my high school admission this morning. It is No.1 high school in my hometown. You know that it is my dream school. I am so excited to share this good news with you. You will be happy for me, right? Now, it is your turn. How about you? Have you receive you admission yet? Have you come back from your Guangzhou trip? I am eager to know your life recently. Look forward to your replying.

很久不见。最近怎么样了？我写这封信给你是想告诉你我的一个好消息。我今早收到高中入学通知书了。是我家乡的第一高中。你知道的，那是我梦想中的学校。我真的很激动，所以急于跟你分享这个消息。你会为我感到高兴的，是吗？现在，该轮到你了。你怎么样了？收到通知书了吗？你的广州之旅结束了吗？我很想了解你的近况。期待你的回信。

.

暑期安排Summer Holiday Arrangement

Summer holiday is coming. My classmates have different plans for it. Some of them plan to travel to have a good rest. They think that places of interests can help them relax. Some others are likely to make full use of this holiday to improve their study. They want to do more reading to prepare for the coming study. For those who are fond of sports, summer holiday is a good time to do exercise and keep healthy. As for me, I will stay at home all the summer holiday, because my parents are too busy to take me out.

暑假就要来了。同学们都为自己的假期制定了不同的计划。有的同学打算去旅游，休息一下。他们觉得游山玩水能帮助自己放松身心。另一些同学则想充分利用暑假的时间来提高自己的学习，他们打算多看些书，为将来的学习打好基础。对于喜爱运动的同学来说，暑假是参加体育运动，保持身体健康的好时机。至于我，暑假我会待在家里，因为爸爸妈妈太忙了，没有时间

陪我出去玩。

春节（二） Spring Festival（二）

The first day of the lunar year is a Chinese traditional festival--Spring Festival. People all over the country come back home and get together to celebrate it. And it's a custom to set off fireworks to celebrate the Spring Festival. People enjoy various foods which was prepared several days ago with their family in this day. children are the people who love the spring festival the most, because they can get pocket money from their relatives .There are also many activities which can be enjoy for free .Spring Festival is always a wonderful festival in Chinese’ heart. Do you want to enjoy it? If so, come and have a look!

农历的第一天是中国的传统节日——春节。全国各地的人们都会回到家里和家人一起庆祝。放烟花来庆祝春节是传统习俗。在春节的时候人们可以和家人吃到各种几天前准备好的食品。孩子们是最喜欢春节的人因为他们可以从亲戚那里得到压岁钱。也有很多免费的活动。在中国人

的心里春节一直是一个美好的节日。你想不想来享受一下？如果想的话，来吧！

广州 Guangzhou

Guangzhou is the capital of Guangdong Province. It’s a large modern city that develops fast. There are many tall buildings in Guangzhou. Most of them are office buildings. I hope I can work in them one day. The streets are clean and wide. You nearly can’t see rubbish in the streets. Citizens like cooking very much, especially soup. Cantonese cuisine is one of the most popular cuisines in China that cater to many people’s taste. Guangzhou citizens friendly welcome people from all the country even all over the world with their delicately cooked cuisines. This is a direct way to show their hospitality. In short, Guangzhou is a fantastic city that is worthy of visiting.

广州是广东省的首府，是一个快速发展的现代都市。广州有很多高楼大厦，大部分的高楼都是写字楼。我希望有一天我能在其中工作。这个城市的阶段干净、宽敞。你在街上几乎不会看到

垃圾。广州人很喜欢烹饪，特别是煲汤。粤菜是我国最受欢迎的菜系之一，迎合了很多人的口味。广州人用精心烹制的美食热情招待来自全国甚至全世界的人们，这是表现他们热情好客最

直接的方式。简单来说，广州是个很好的城市，值得来看看。

我最喜欢的运动(一） My Favorite Sport（一）

Some people love to play badminton, some love to play football, others love swimming, but my favorite sport is basketball. It is very popular in China because of Yao Ming. Because of him, many boys in China get to know about basketball. He is so excellent that everybody wants to play like him. He is my idol.

有些人喜欢打羽毛球，有些人喜欢踢足球，其他人喜欢游泳。而我最喜欢的运动是篮球。因为姚明，篮球在中国很受欢迎。许多男孩子因为姚明而了解篮球。他如此的优秀，以至于每个人都想向他那样打球。他是我的偶像。

After school, I often play basketball with my friends. I am the tallest boy in my class, so I play as center. Playing basketball is not only good for our health, but also helping us to make friends. I hope someday I can be an outstanding player just like Yao Ming. Maybe in the future, I will go to NBA and win the champion.

放学后，我经常与朋友们打篮球。我是班里最高的男孩子，所以我打中锋。打篮球不但让我们保持身体健康，也让我们结交朋友。我希望有一天我能够成为向姚明那样优秀的篮球运动员。

也许在不久的将来，我会去NBA打球，并赢得冠军。

艾米的家庭The Family of Amy

Amy is an American girl .She lives in New York .There are four people in her family, her parents, her elder brother and her. Amy’s father is an engineer and he is busy with his work everyday. But he still plays with Amy in his spare time and Amy loves him very much. Amy’s mother is a teacher. She teaches math in a small school. She is thin with golden hair. What’s more, she is very kind and cooks well. His brother, John is two years older than her and he

goes to school with her everyday. John is an active boy and often helps Amy. Amy feels happy to live in such a family.

艾米是一个美国女孩。她住在纽约。她家里有四口人，她的父母，她的哥哥和她。艾米的父亲是一名工程师，他每天都忙于他的工作。但他仍然在空闲时间和艾米玩，艾米非常爱他。艾米的母亲是一个老师。她在一个小小的学校里面教数学。她很瘦，有着金色的头发。更重要的是，她很善良而且做饭很好吃。他的哥哥，约翰比她大两岁，他每天都和艾米一起去学校。约翰是个活跃的男孩而且经常帮助艾米。艾米很高兴生活在这样一个家庭中。

端午节Dragon Boat Festival

The Duanwu Festival, which is also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is an ancient

Chinese traditional festival, celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. For thousands of years, various celebrating activities are held all around the country. Eating zongzi and

racing dragon boats are the most pertinent ones, which are said to be in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet. In some places, people spread realgar wine on the children in the hope of

protecting them from the evil spirits. Many people consider May as an especially dangerous time for diseases in a year, and therefore they hang moxa and calamus and things like that around the doors to ward off evil and diseases and pray for good luck.

端午节，又称龙舟节，是中国古老的传统节日，在农历的五月初五这天庆祝。几千年来，全国各地都会举行多种多样的庆祝活动。最应景的就是吃粽子和赛龙舟，据说这是为了纪念伟大的古代诗人屈原。在有些地方，人们把雄黄酒涂抹在小孩的身上，希望这样可以使孩子们不受邪灵的伤害。许多人认为五月是一年中容易引发疾病的时节，因此为了驱疾避凶，讨个吉利，他

们会在门口悬挂艾叶和菖蒲等。

爱之我见My View on Love

As we know that the education of love is very important for the development of teenagers. As far as I am concerned, love plays an important role in our daily life. Life is just like a

篇二：GMAT作文黄金80题范文

[分享]GMAT作文黄金80题范文

GMAT作文黄金80题范文

一．Analysis of Issue Questions

2. ―It is unrealistic to expect individual nations to make, independently, the sacrifices necessary to

conserve energy. International leadership and worldwide cooperation are essential if we expect to protect the world‘s energy resources for future generations.‖

The speaker asserts that an international effort is needed to preserve the world’s energy resources for future generations. While individual nations, like people, are at times willing to make voluntary sacrifices for the benefit of others, my view is that international coordination is nevertheless necessary in light of the strong propensity of nations to act selfishly, and because the problem is international in scope.

The main reason why an international effort is necessary is that, left to their own devices, individual nations, like people, will act according to their short-term motives and self-interest. The mere existence of military weapons indicates that self-interest and national survival are every nation’s prime drivers. And excessive consumption by industrialized nations of natural resources they know to be finite, when alternatives are at hand demonstrates that self-interest and short-sightedness extend to the use of energy resources as well. Furthermore, nations, like people, tend to rationalize their own self-serving policies and actions. Emerging nations might argue, for example, that they should be exempt from energy conservation because it is the industrialized nations who can better afford to make sacrifices and who use more resources in the first place.

Another reason why an international effort is required is that other problems of an international nature have also required global cooperation. For example, has each nation independently recognized the folly of nuclear weapons proliferation and voluntarily disarmed? No: only by way of an international effort, based largely on coercion of strong leaders against detractors, along with an appeal to self-interest, have we made some progress. By the same token, efforts of individual nations to thwart international drug trafficking have proven largely futile, because efforts have not been internationally based. Similarly, the problem of energy conservation transcends national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or all will ultimately suffer.

In conclusion, nations are made up of individuals who, when left unconstrained, tend to act in their own self-interest and with short-term motives. In light of how we have dealt, or not dealt, with other global problems, it appears that an international effort is needed to ensure the preservation of natural resources for future generations.

3. ―Corporations and other businesses should try to eliminate the many ranks and salary grades that

classify employees according to their experience and expertise. A ?flat‘ organizational structure is more likely to encourage collegiality and cooperation among employees.‖

Which is a better way to classify and reward employees of a business: a “flat” organizational structure or a hierarchical structure? The speaker prefers a “flat” structure in which distinctions between employees based on education or experience are not used as a basis for monetary rewards. I strongly disagree with the speaker’s view, for two reasons.

In the first place, the speaker’s preference for a “flat” structure is based upon the claim that cooperation and collegiality among employees is more likely under this system than under a hierarchical one. However, this claim ignores our everyday experience in human interaction. Disagreements among coworkers are inevitable. Without a clear authoritative figure to resolve them and to make final decisions, disputes are more likely to go unresolved and

even worsen, thereby undermining cooperation, congeniality and, ultimately, productivity and profit.

In the second place, whether or not collegiality and cooperation are best fostered by a flat organizational structure is beside the point. My main reason for rejecting an organizational structure that does not distinguish workers in terms of their abilities or experience is that under such a system workers have little incentive to improve their skills, accomplish their work-related goals, or assume responsibility for the completion of their assigned tasks. In my experience, human motivation is such that without enticements such as money, status or recognition, few people would accomplish anything of value or assume responsibility for any task. A flat system actually might provide a distinct disincentive for productivity and efficiency insofar as workers are not held accountable for the quality or quantity of their work. By ignoring human nature, then, a company may be harming itself by encouraging laziness and complacency.

In sum, the speaker’s opinion that a “flat” organizational structure is the best way to promote collegiality and cooperation among employees runs counter to the common sense about how people act in a work environment, and in any case provides a feeble rationale for the preference of one organizational structure over another.

9. ―Employees should keep their private lives and personal activities as separate as possible from

the workplace.‖

Should employees leave their personal lives entirely behind them when they enter the workplace, as the speaker suggests here? While I agree that employees should not allow their personal lives to interfere with their jobs, the speaker fails to consider that integrating personal life with work can foster a workplace ambiance that helps everyone do a better job, thereby promoting success for the organization.

Engaging coworkers in occasional conversation about personal interests and activities can help build collegiality among coworkers that adds to their sense of common purpose on the job. Managers would be well advised to participate in and perhaps even plan the sharing of personal information—as a leadership tool as well as a morale booster. An employee feels valued when the boss takes time to ask about the employee’s family or recent vacation. The employee, in turn, is likely to be more loyal to and cooperative with the boss. Company-sponsored social events—picnics, parties, excursions, and so forth—also help to produce greater cohesiveness in an organization, by providing opportunities for employees to bond with one another in ways that translate into better working relationships.

Admittedly, employees should guard against allowing their personal life to impinge upon their job performance or intrude on coworkers. Excessive chatting about non-business topics, frequent personal telephone calls, and the like, are always distracting. And romances between coworkers are best kept confidential, at least to the extent they disrupt work or demoralize or offend other employees. By the same token, however, employees who are too aloof—sharing nothing personal with others—may be resented by coworkers who perceive them as arrogant, unfriendly, or uncooperative. The ill-will and lack of communication that is likely to result may ultimately harm the organization.

In the final analysis, employees should strike a careful balance when they mix their personal lives with their jobs. Although there are some circumstances in which bringing one’s personal life to the job may be counterproductive, for many reasons it is a good idea to inject small doses of personal life into the workplace.

11. ―When someone achieves greatness in any field — such as the arts, science, politics, or business

— that person‘s achievements are more important than any of his or her personal faults.‖

Perhaps in some instances the personal failings of great achievers are unimportant relative to the achievements. In many cases, however, the relative significance of personal failings can be very great, depending on two factors: (1)

the extent to which the failing is part of the achievement process itself, and (2) the societal impact of the achiever’s failing apart from his or her own success.

Personal failings and achievement are often symbiotically related. The former test the would-be achiever’s mettle; they pose challenges—necessary resistance that drives one to achieve despite the shortcoming. Personal failings may also compel one to focus on one’s strengths, thereby spawning achievement. For example, poor academic or job performance may propel a gifted entrepreneur to start his or her own business. In the arts, a personal failing may be a necessary ingredient or integral part of the process of achieving. Artists and musicians often produce their most creative works during periods of depression, addiction, or other distress. In business, insensitivity to the “human” costs of success has bred grand achievements, as with the questionable labor practices of the great philanthropist Andrew Carnegie.

A second type of personal failing is one that is unrelated to the achievement. Modern politics is replete with examples: the marital indiscretions of the great leader John F. Kennedy and the paranoia of the great statesman Richard Nixon, to name just two. Were the personal failings of these two presidents less “important” than their achievements? In the former example, probably so. In the latter example, probably not since it resulted in the Watergate scandal—a watershed event in American politics. In cases such as these, therefore, the societal impact of shortcoming and achievement must be weighed on a case-by-case basis.

In sum, history informs us that personal failings are often part-and-parcel of great achievements; even where they are not, personal shortcomings of great achievers often make an important societal impact of their own.

12. ―Education has become the main provider of individual opportunity in our society. Just as

property and money once were the keys to success, education has now become the element that most ensures success in life.‖

Which factor offers more opportunities for success in our society: education or money and property? In my view, education has replaced money and property as the main provider of such opportunities today. I base my view on two reasons. First, education—particularly higher education—used to be available only to the wealthy but now is accessible to almost anyone. Second, because of the civil-rights movement and resulting laws, businesses are now required to hire on the basis of merit rather than the kinds of personal connections traditionally common among the wealthy.

Education probably always played a key role in determining one’s opportunities for success. But in the past, good post-secondary education was available mainly to the privileged classes. Because money and property largely determined one’s access to higher education, money and property really were the critical factors in opening doors to success. However, higher education is more egalitarian today. Given our vast numbers of state universities and financial-aid programs, virtually anyone who meets entrance requirements for college can obtain an excellent college education and open up windows of opportunity in life.

Another reason those opportunities will be open to educated young people from middle-class and poorer backgrounds is that hiring is more meritocratic today than ever before. In principle, at least, we have always been a society where all people are equal; yet in the past, children of the wealthy and the well connected could expect to obtain higher-status jobs and to receive better pay. But the laws and programs resulting from our civil-rights struggles have produced a modern business climate in which jobs are available on an equal-opportunity basis, and in which candidates have a legal right to be judged on the merit of their educational background and experience.

In conclusion, education is probably the main factor in opening doors to success for young people in our society. The fact that education has supplanted money and property in this role is owing to a more egalitarian system of higher education, as well as to more merit-based hiring practices that generally value individual education over family fortune or connections.

13. ―Responsibility for preserving the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual

person, not to government.‖

While nearly everyone would agree in principle that certain efforts to preserve the natural environment are in humankind’s best interest, environmental issues always involve a tug of war among conflicting political and economic interests. For this reason, and because serious environmental problems are generally large in scale, government participation is needed to ensure environmental preservation.

Experience tells us that individuals (and private corporations owned by individuals) tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large. For example, current technology makes possible the complete elimination of polluting emissions from automobiles. Nevertheless, neither automobile manufacturers nor consumers are willing or able to voluntarily make the short-term sacrifices necessary to accomplish this goal. Only the government holds the regulatory and enforcement power to impose the necessary standards and to ensure that we achieve such goals.

Aside from the problems of self-interest and enforcement, environmental issues inherently involve public health and are far too pandemic in nature for individuals to solve on their own. Many of the most egregious environmental violations traverse state and sometimes national borders. Environmental hazards are akin to those involving food and drug safety and to protecting borders against enemies; individuals have neither the power nor the resources to address these widespread hazards.

In the final analysis, only the authority and scope of power that a government possesses can ensure the attainment of agreed-upon environmental goals. Because individuals are incapable of assuming this responsibility, government must do so.

16. ―Public buildings reveal much about the attitudes and values of the society that builds them.

Today‘s new schools, courthouses, airports, and libraries, for example, reflect the attitudes and values of today‘s society.‖

The extent to which new public buildings reflect societal values and attitudes depends on whether one considers a building’s intended function or its design. In the former sense, new public buildings do mirror society, while in the latter sense they do not.

The intended uses of new public buildings say something about our priorities and values as a society. For example, proliferation of public cultural centers and schools reflects a societal concern for the arts and education, respectively, while new prison construction indicates a heightened concern for safety and security.

The design of new public buildings, however, fails to mirror society, for two reasons. First, modern democratic states do not have the luxury of making cultural “statements” at any expense. Functionality and fiscal accountability dictate the face of public architecture today. Second, public participation in the process is limited. New buildings typically reflect the architect’s eccentric vision or the preference of a few public officials, not the populace’s values and attitudes. In England, for example, Prince Charles oversees and approves the design of new public buildings. The resulting conventional designs suggest his unwillingness to break from tradition. Yet it would seem unfair to assign his lack of vision to English society. In Denver, the controversial design of a new airport met with public outcry for its appearance, expense, and lack of functionality. Does the airport reflect the values of Denver’s denizens? Probably not.

In conclusion, while modern public buildings seem to reflect the values and attitudes of a society in their function, they do not necessarily do so in their design.

18. ―If the primary duty and concern of a corporation is to make money, then conflict is inevitable

when the corporation must also acknowledge a duty to serve society.‖

We take for granted that a primary objective and obligation of a corporation is to maximize profits. But does this mean a corporation cannot also fulfill its obligations to society? The speaker claims that the two duties necessarily conflict. In my view, however, a corporation’s duties to maximize shareholder wealth and to serve society will at times coincide and at times conflict; and when they do conflict, neither takes automatic precedence over the other. Beyond the obvious duty to maximize shareholder wealth, corporations indeed owe a duty to serve society, especially the immediate community, which permits corporations to operate in exchange for an implicit promise that the corporations will do no harm and will bring some benefit to the community. These duties can often be fulfilled together. For example, a successful corporation brings jobs and related economic benefit to the community. And, by contributing to community activities and changes in other ways, the corporation gains a reputation for social responsibility that often helps it become even more successful.

However, at times these duties do conflict. Consider, for instance, a company that unknowingly leaks into the ground a toxic substance that threatens to contaminate local groundwater. While the company may favor an inexpensive containment program, community leaders may want the company to go further by cleaning up and restoring their environment—even if the expense will force the company to leave and take jobs from the community. Whatever the company decides, it should not assume that protecting profits automatically outweighs social obligation. In many instances it does not, as highly visible tobacco, automobile safety, and asbestos liability cases aptly illustrate. Such examples reveal a limit as to how far a corporation can ethically go in trading off the well being of the community for the sake of its own profits.

In sum, corporations have duties both to do well and to do good. Although conflict between these duties is not inevitable, it does occur. Determining which duty takes precedence in time of conflict requires careful consideration of all the ethical ramifications of each alternative.

21. ―Job security and salary should be based on employee performance, not on years of service.

Rewarding employees primarily for years of service discourages people from maintaining consistently high levels of productivity.‖

According to the statement, in order to ensure high productivity, companies should base their employees’ salaries and job security solely on job performance, and not on length of service to the company. I agree that salary increases and job security are powerful incentives to high achievement and should generally go to those who do the best work. However, to ensure employee productivity, companies must also reward tenured employees with cost-of-living raises—though not with job security.

On the one hand, rewarding average job performance with large pay increases or promises of job security is a waste of resources—for two reasons. First, complacent employees will see no reason to become more productive. Secondly, those normally inclined to high achievement may decide the effort isn’t worthwhile when mediocre efforts are amply compensated. Companies should, therefore, adjust their pay schedules so that the largest salaries go to the most productive employees.

On the other hand, employees who perform their jobs satisfactorily should be given regular, though small, service-based pay increases—also for two reasons. First, the cost of living is steadily rising, so on the principle of fair compensation alone, it is unjust to condemn loyal employees to de facto salary reductions by refusing them cost-of-living raises. Secondly, failure to adjust salaries to reflect the cost of living may be counterproductive for the firm, which will have difficulty attracting and retaining good employees without such a policy.

In the final analysis, the statement correctly identifies job performance as the single best criterion for salary and

篇三：2016翻译硕士考研必备百科全书之常见英文缩写

2016翻译硕士考研必备百科全书之常见

英文缩写

报考翻译硕士（MTI）的朋友都知道，百科知识在考试中也是占很大比例的，但是这需要我们对中国古现代文学有很深的认识，并了解很多常识，如果你属理工科且没有这些积累那么就需要早早下功夫了。凯程网小编为大家奉上翻译硕士考研百科知识大全，希望2016报考翻硕的小伙伴们努力学习不断充实自己，为最终的考试打好坚实的基础。同时也希望正在备考2015翻硕考研的同学们通读，加深印象。

【常见英文缩写】

国家：

USA 美国： United States of America

UK 英国： United Kingdom

PRC 中国： People's Republic of China

国际组织、机构、公司：

UN 联合国： United Nations

UNESCO 联合国教科文组织： United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization

WTO 世贸组织： World Trade Organization

WHO 世界卫生组织： World Health Organization

CAAC 中国民航： Civil Aviation Administration of China

OPEC 石油输出国组织： Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

疾病：

SARS 非典: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

AIDS 爱滋病： Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

BSE 疯牛病： Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

考试：

NMET 全国普通高等学校入学考试： National Matriculation Entrance Test

CET 大学英语等级考试： College English Test

PETS 全国公共英语等级考试： The Public English Test System

TOEFL 托福： Test of English as a Foreign Language

IELTS 雅思： International English Language Testing System

电子、通讯：

IT 信息技术： Information Technology

VCD 激光视盘： Video Compact Disc

GPS 全球定位系统： Global Positioning System

GSM 全球移动通讯系统： Global System for Mobile Communications

EMS 特快专递： Express Mail Service

WWW 万维网： World Wide Web

UFO 不名飞行物： Unidentified Flying Object

DNA 脱氧核糖核酸： Deoxyribonucleic Acid

凯程教育：

凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；

凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里；

信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；

使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构；

激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；

敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；

服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。

如何选择考研辅导班：

在考研准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。

师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任?a href="http://www.zw2.cn/zhuanti/guanyuwozuowen/" target="_blank" class="keylink">我幻趴纬蹋疾皇怯梢弧⒘礁鼋淌Π降椎模且慌淌ε浜系慕峁；挂钊肓私饨淌Φ难醣尘啊⒆柿现龀删汀⒏ǖ汲删偷取？炭佳忻υ萍詈Ｑ蟆⒄碰谓淌凇⒎胶平淌凇⒙淌凇⑺锖平淌诘纫淮笈υ诳淌诳巍６械幕怪皇呛芷胀ǖ睦鲜κ诳危灾兜惆盐蘸兔夥较颍啡被鸷颉?/p>

对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2015五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。

建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。

有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。

篇四：英语专业八级词汇

abolition n.. 废除，革除

abstract adj . 抽象的；深奥的

academic a.. 学院的；学术的

accumulate vt . 积累 vi.堆积

accuracy n.. 准确(性)； 准确度

acknowledgment n. 承认,承认书,感谢

acquisition n. (有价值的)获得

adapt vt.使适应；改编

adaptation n. 适应

adequate a.足够的；可以胜任的

adhere vi.粘附；追随；坚持

adjective n.形容词 a.形容词的

adjustment n. 调节

admirer n. 钦佩者,仰慕者,求爱者

ado n. 忙乱，骚扰

adult n.成年人 a.成年的

adviser n. 顾问,指导教授,劝告者

ailment n. （不严重的）疾病

alert a.警惕的；活跃的

allay vt. 使镇静,使缓和

allot vt. 分配,分摊指定

allurement n. 诱惑物 ally n.同盟国；同盟者

almanac n. 年鉴,历书

alongside prep.在…旁边

alphabet n.字母表

alpine a. 高山的,极高的

ambush n./v. 埋伏，伏击

analysis n.分析，分解，解析

ancestral a. 祖先的

angelic a. 天使的,似天使的

annals n. 纪年表,年鉴,年报

anthem n. 圣歌，赞美歌

anther n. 雄蕊的花粉囊,花药

antitoxin n. 抗毒素

anxiety n.焦虑，忧虑；渴望

apace ad. 快速地,急速地

aperture n. 孔隙，窄的缺口

appendix n.附录，附属物；阑尾

appreciation n.欣赏；鉴别；感激

appropriation n. 拨款，挪用公款

arbitrary a.随心所欲的；专断的

archbishop n. 大教主

archer n. （运动或战争中的）弓箭手，射手

ardent adj. 热心的，热烈的

aristocrat n. 贵族

aromatic adj. 芳香的

arrogance n. 傲慢，自大

arrogant adj. 傲慢的，自大的

artful a. 巧妙的,狡滑的

articulate v. 清楚说话，接合

ascent n. 上升攀登

asiatic adj. 亚洲的; 亚洲人的

asparagus n. 芦笋（可作蔬菜）

asphalt n. 沥青

aspiration n. 渴望，热望

assertion n. 断言,主张

assimilate v. 同化，吸收

assumption n. 假设

astound vt. 使惊骇,使大吃一惊

astray adj. 迷路的，误入歧途的

astronaut n.宇宙航行员

astronomer n. 天文学家

atom n.原子

attachment n.连接物，附件；爱慕

audacity n. 大胆，鲁莽

audible a. 听得见的

austere adj. 朴素的，(人)正经的

available a.可利用的；通用的

avert v. 避免,避开

background n.背景，后景，经历

bail n. 保释,把手,栅栏,桶箍

bale n. 大包裹，灾祸，不幸

balloon n.气球

ballot n. 投票,投票用纸,抽签

bandage n.绷带，包带

bankrupt a.破产的 vt.使破产

Baptist n. 施洗者约翰,施洗者,浸信会教友

baptize vt. 施洗礼,提炼,命名

bawl v. 大叫，大喊

bearing n.支承；忍受；方位

beastly a. 如兽的,残忍的,令人不愉快的

beautify vt. 美化,变美,修饰

beaver n. 海狸

bedtime n.就寝时间

befit vt. 适合,适宜,合适

befriend vt. 待人如友,帮助

believer n. 信徒

beneficial a.有利的，有益的

betimes ad. 早,及时,及早

bier n. 棺材

bin n. 箱柜

bituminous a. (含)沥青的

bland adj. （人）情绪平稳的，（食物）无味的

blaspheme vt.vi. 亵渎

blink vi. 眨眼睛

blunder vi.犯大错 n.大错

boom n. 兴旺

bout n. 一回合，一阵

brag n. 吹牛

brandish vt. 挥,挥舞

brandy n.白兰地酒

brittle a.脆的；易损坏的

broth n. 肉汤

broth n. 肉汤

budget n.预算，预算案

bully v. 欺负，威协

buoy n. 浮标，救生圈，v. 支持，鼓励

buoyant adj. 易浮的，快乐的.

burgher n. 公民,市民

burglar n.夜盗，窃贼

burner n.灯头，煤气头

burnish v. 擦亮，磨光

butler n. 仆役长

cackle n. 咯咯声,高笑声,饶舌,闲谈

calcium n. 钙

calico n. 印花棉布,白洋布

camera n.照相机

Canadian n.加拿大人

canary n. 金丝雀，女歌星

cancel vt.取消，撤消；删去

canker n. 溃疡，弊害

canton n. 州,行政区

capillary n. 毛细管

carbon n.碳

carcass n. 尸体

carcase n. 尸体,架子

carelessness n.粗心，大意

carrot n.胡罗卜

casket n. 首饰盒,小箱,匣子,棺材

catastrophe n. 大灾难,大祸

cereal n.谷类，五谷，禾谷

certainty n.必然；肯定

charcoal n.炭；木炭

chasm n. 深渊，大差别，代沟

chastise v. 严厉惩罚，遣责

chauffeur n. 司机

chemical adj.化学的

chemise n. 紧身衣一种,衬裙

chemist n.化学家；药剂师

chilly a. 寒冷的

cholera n. 霍乱

churchgoer n. 经常去做礼拜的人

circulate vt.使循环 vi.循环

circumference n.圆周，周长，圆周线

clamorous adj. 吵闹的，喧哗的

cleaner n. 清洁工人,清洁剂

clergy n. (总称)教牧人员；神职人员

climax n.(兴趣的)顶点

clumsy adj.笨拙的；不灵活的

coax v. 哄诱，巧言诱哄

cobweb n. 蜘蛛网,蛛丝,混乱

code n.准则；法典；代码

coinage n. 造币 collapse vi.倒坍；崩溃，瓦解

colleague n.同事，同僚

comeliness n. 清秀,美丽,合宜

commendation n. 赞赏,嘉奖,推荐

companionship n. 交谊,友谊,陪伴

compassionate adj. 有同情心的

compensation n.补偿，赔偿，赔偿费

compete vi.比赛；竞争；对抗

competitor n.竞争者，敌手

complicate vt.使复杂；使陷入

composure n. 镇静，沉着，自若

comprehensive a.广泛的；理解的

compress vt.压紧，压缩

compulsory a.强迫的，义务的

compute vt.&vi.计算

concentration n.集中；专注；浓缩

condemnation n. 谴责，定罪

confiscate v. 没收，充公

conform vt.使遵守 vi.一致

conformity n. 一致

congregate v. 聚集，集合

conjunction n.接合，连接；连接词

conserve n. 蜜饯,果酱

considerably ad. 十分地；相当地

consistent a.前后一致的，连贯的

console n.悬臂，肘托；控制台

consonant n. 辅音

constancy n. 坚定不移,恒久不变

constellation n. 星座，星群

constitutional a. 宪法的；章程的

consummate adj. 完全的，完美的，v. 完成

contagious adj. 传染的，有感染力的

contaminate vt. 弄污,弄脏,毒害,传染,染污

contentment n. 满足

continental a.大陆的，大陆性的

continuation n. 继续,续集,延长

contraction n. 收缩

contradict vt.反驳，否认

contradiction n.矛盾，不一致；否认

contrivance n. 发明,发明的才能,想出的办法

conversion n.转变，转化；改变

convex adj. 凸出的

coolness n. 冷,凉爽,冷静 co-operation n. 合作

copse n. 小灌木材,杂树林

coronation n. 加冕，加冕礼

correspondent n.通信者；通讯员

counsellor n. 顾问,辅导员,律师

counselor n. 顾问,参事,法律顾问

counteract v. 消除，抵消

covetous adj. 贪婪的，贪心的

cowslip n. 西洋樱草,猿猴草的一种

crafty adj. 狡诈的

cramp n. 铁箍，夹子

crank n.曲柄 vi.转动曲柄

credulous adj. 轻信的，易信的

creed n. 信条，教义

crevice n. 缺口，裂缝

crisis n.危机；存亡之际

critical a.决定性的；批评的

criticize vt.&vi.批评；责备

crusade n. 为维护理想，原则而进行的运动或斗争

cucumber n.黄瓜

cull vt. 采,摘,拣

cultivator n. 耕者,栽培者,耕田机

篇五：英语论文格式及写作规范

外国语学院英语论文格式规范

一、题目

A Contrastive Study between English and Chinese Idioms

（题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中,除了英语小词外，其他单词首字母都要大写；另外：除了题目外，论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”）

二、作者

外国语学院 2001级英语教育

1030120011XX XXX 指导老师：XXX

（学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名（小四号宋体字，加粗），依次排印在论文题目下，上空二行，居中）

三、摘要

【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of ……

（英文摘要：上空二行；题目采用五号―Times New Roman‖字体，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号；采用五号―Times New Roman‖字体，不加粗；单倍行距。）

四、关键词

【Key Words】 idiom; comparison; English; Chinese

（英文关键词：题目采用五号―Times New Roman‖字体，加粗，两个单词的首字母要大写，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用任何其他标点符号，采用五号―Times New Roman‖字体，不加粗，除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写，各单词之间用分号―；‖隔开，分号之后空一格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距。）

五、正文

1. Introduction

(顶格，除了第一个单词及专有名词外，其他单词首字母都不要大写；标题最后不用任何标点符号，上空两行)

In both English and Chinese, …. So, this essay is trying to focus on the differences between Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang, 1993:44; Li Guangling, 1999).

(段落第一行缩进4个英文字符；夹注的标注法：出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系；注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号，时间、页码等的标注法；另外，汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现，不能出现汉语姓氏；夹注出现在标点符号之前)

2. The similarities between English idioms and Chinese idioms

In English, …. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples:

(1) I don‘t know。我不知道。

(2) I am not a poet. 我不是诗人。

(正文中的例子以（1），（2）…为序号排列，直至最后一个例子；而①, ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号)

…

3. The differences between English idioms and Chinese idioms

3.1 The characteristics of English idioms

（正文章节序号编制：章的编号：1. ，2.， 3.，…；节的编号：1.1,1.2…，2.1,2.2…；小节的编号为：1.1.1, 1.1.2…。小节以下层次，采用希腊数字加括号为序，如（i），（ii）…；之后再采用字母加括号，如(a), (b),…;每章题目左顶格，小四号字，加粗；每节（及小节以下）题目左顶格，小四号字，不加粗但要斜体；所有章节的题目都单独一行，最后不加任何标点符号） ….

In conclusion, ….

3.2 The characteristics of Chinese idioms

….

Feng (1998) found some problems as shown in the following examples (注意此句中夹注的另一种写法):

(9) We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.

(10) People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it.

….

3.2.1 The analysis of the differences between English and Chinese idioms

…

(i) ….

….

(ii) ….

….

4. Conclusion

….

Bibliography (References) （小四号，加粗，后面不加任何标点符号）

Sanved, ed. The Oxford book of American literary anecdotes[C]. New York: OUP, 1981.

常亮，―关于英语的偏离否定‖[J] 。《外国语文》，1993，4：44。

冯树健，―否定之否定新说‖[J] 。《英语辅导》，1998，6：11。

李光陵，―不完全否定浅析‖ [J] 。《大学英语》，2000，30：30。

（论文最后的参考文献中所有文献的排列顺序：尾注：按照编号顺序。夹注：英文文献----网络文献----汉语文献，各个文献的先后以作者的姓氏字母或拼音为序，不用单独加序号或编号；每个参考文献的第二行起必须缩进4个英文字符；1.5倍行距；另外，与文中的夹注一一对应；不同类型的参考文献写法请参照写作指南中附件2的内容）

(以下内容单独一页)

英文参考文献标准格式

参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：

[M]--专著,著作

[C]--论文集(一般指会议发表的论文续集，及一些专题论文集，如《***大学研究生学术论文集》

[N]--报纸文章

[J]--期刊文章：发表在期刊上的论文，尽管有时我们看到的是从网上下载的（如知网），但它也是发表在期刊上的，你看到的电子期刊仅是其电子版

[D]--学位论文：不区分硕士还是博士论文

[R]--报告：一般在标题中会有"关于****的报告"字样

[S]--标准

[P]--专利

[A]--文章：很少用，主要是不属于以上类型的文章

[Z]--对于不属于上述的文献类型，可用字母"Z"标识，但这种情况非常少见 常用的电子文献及载体类型标识：

[DB/OL] --联机网上数据(database online)

[DB/MT] --磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape)

[M/CD] --光盘图书(monograph on CDROM)

[CP/DK] --磁盘软件(computer program on disk)

[J/OL] --网上期刊(serial online)

[EB/OL] --网上电子公告(electronic bulletin board online)

很显然，标识的就是该资源的英文缩写，/前面表示类型，/后面表示资源的载体，如OL表示在线资源

二、参考文献的格式及举例

1．期刊类

【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名,出版年份,卷号(期号)起止页码.

【举例】

[1] 周融，任志国，杨尚雷，厉星星.对新形势下毕业设计管理工作的思考与实践[J].电气电子教学学报，2003(6):107-109.

[2] 夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业设计(论文)教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育,2004(1):46-52.

[3] Heider, E.R.&D.C.Oliver. The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62 67.

2．专著类

【格式】[序号]作者.书名[M].出版地:出版社,出版年份:起止页码.

【举例】

[4] 刘国钧,王连成.图书馆史研究[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1979:15-18,31.

[5] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.

3．报纸类

【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名,出版日期(版次).

【举例】

[6] 李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报，1998-12-27(3).

[7] French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from China[N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33).

4．论文集

【格式】[序号]作者.篇名 [C].出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.

【举例】

[8] 伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C]. 上海:上海译文出版社,1979:12-17.

[9] Spivak,G. "Can the Subaltern Speak?"[A]. In C.Nelson& L. Grossberg(eds.). Victory in Limbo: Imigism [C]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.271-313.

[10] Almarza, G.G. Student foreign language teacher's knowledge growth [A]. In D.Freeman and J.C.Richards (eds.). Teacher Learning in Language Teaching [C]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. pp.50-78.

5．学位论文

【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[D].出版地:保存者,出版年份:起始页码.

【举例】

[11] 张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集[D].北京:北京大学数学系数学研究所, 1983:1-7.

6．研究报告

【格式】[序号]作者. 篇名[R].出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.

【举例】

[12] 冯西桥.核反应堆压力管道与压力容器的LBB分析[R].北京:清华大学核能技术设计研究院, 1997:9-10.

7．专利

【格式】[序号]专利所有者.题名[P].国别:专利号,发布日期.

【举例】

[13] 姜锡洲.一种温热外敷药制备方案[P].中国专利:881056073, 1989 07 26.

8．标准

【格式】[序号]标准编号,标准名称[S].

【举例】

[14] GB/T 16159-1996, 汉语拼音正词法基本规则 [S].

9．条例

【格式】[序号]颁布单位.条例名称.发布日期

【举例】

[15] 中华人民共和国科学技术委员会.科学技术期刊管理办法[Z].1991-06-05

10．电子文献

【格式】[序号]主要责任者.电子文献题名.电子文献出处[电子文献及载体类型标识].或可获得地址，发表或更新日期/引用日期.

【举例】

[16] 王明亮.关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL].http:

//www.cajcd.edu.cn/pub/wml.txt/980810 2.html, 1998 08 16/1998 10 04.

[17] 万锦.中国大学学报论文文摘（1983 1993）.英文版 [DB/CD]. 北京: 中国大百科全书出版社, 1996.

11．各种未定义类型的文献

【格式】[序号] 主要责任者.文献题名[Z].出版地:出版者, 出版年.

特别说明：凡出现在"参考文献"项中的标点符号都失去了其原有意义，且其中所有标点必须是半角,如果你的输入法中有半角/全解转换,则换到半角状态就可以了,如果你的输入法中没有这一转换功能,直接关闭中文输入法,在英文输入状态下输入即可.

其实，很多输入法（如目前比较流行的搜狐输入法）都提供了四种组合：

（1）中文标点+ 全角：这时输入的标点是这样的，：【１】－（而这时，我没有找到哪个键可以输入 / 符号）也就是说，这些符号是一定不能出现在"参考文献"中的；

（2）中文标点+半角：这时输入的标点是这样的，：【1】-（这时，我还是没有找到哪个键可以输入 / 符号）也就是说，这些符号也不能出现在"参考文献"中的；

上面列出的符号，中间没有任何的空格，你能看出它们有什么区别吗？我看只是-的宽度有一点点不同，其它都一样

（3）英文标点+全角：这时输入的标点是这样的，．：［１］－／

（4）英文标点+半角：这时输入的标点是这样的,.:[1]-/

从这两项可以明显的看出，半角和全角其实最大的差别是所占的宽度不一样，这一点对于数字来说最为明显，而英文标点明显要比中文标点细小很多（也许因为英文中，标点的功能没有中文那么复杂，就是说英文中标点符号的能力没有中文那么强大）

所以，很多人在写"参考文献" 时，总是觉得用英文标点+半角很不清楚，间距也太小，其实这点完全不用担心如果你觉得真的太小不好看，就用英文标点+全角吧而在[1] 之后，一般也都有一个空格

更为详细的内容，大家可以从附件中下载国家标准《文后参考文献著录规则GB/T 7714-2005》查看，不过，很长很烦，拿出点耐心看吧

对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：

①作者姓名采用"姓在前名在后"原则，具体格式是：姓,名字的首字母. 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F. &I.Gordon. ②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature,English Weekly.

三、注释

注释是对论文正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明注释应置于本页页脚，前面用圈码①、②、③等标识

字数作文