作业帮 > 字数作文 > 教育资讯

the,green,party

来源:学生作业帮助网 编辑:作业帮 时间:2024/09/24 16:27:14 字数作文
the,green,party字数作文

篇一:德国未来的欧洲第一绿色大国

德国未来的欧洲第一绿色大国

Germany, the Green Superpower

BERLIN — A week at the American Academy in Berlin leaves me with two contradictory feelings: one is that Germany today deserves a Nobel Peace Prize, and the other is that Germany tomorrow will have to overcome its deeply ingrained post-World War II pacifism and become a more serious, activist global power. And I say both as a compliment. 柏林——在柏林美国学院(American Academy)度过的一周,给我留下两个相互矛盾的感受:一是今天的德国理应得到一座诺贝尔和平奖,二是明天的德国必须摒弃二战以来根深蒂固的和平主义,成为一股更威严、更主动的全球力量。两者都是一种赞誉。

On the first point, what the Germans have done in converting almost 30 percent of their electric grid to solar and wind energy from near zero in about 15 years has been a great contribution to the stability of our planet and its climate. The centerpiece of the German Energiewende, or energy transformation, was an extremely generous “feed-in tariff” that made it a no-brainer for Germans to install solar power (or wind) at home and receive a predictable high price for the energy generated off their own rooftops. 关于第一点,德国人已经把电网中将近三成的电力来源转换成太阳能和风能,大概15年前这个比例接近零,这对我们这个星球和气候的稳定性是有重大意义的。德国的Energiewende(能源转型)的核心是“上网电价补贴”(feed-in tariff),该政策给出的条件极为优厚,让德国人毫不犹豫地开始在家中安装太阳能(或风能),而且自家屋顶产生的能源能够卖出可预见的高价。

There is no denying that the early days of the feed-in tariff were expensive. The subsidies cost billions of euros, paid for through a surcharge on everyone’s electric bill. But the goal was not simply to buy more renewable energy: It was to create demand that would drive down the cost of solar and wind to make them mainstream, affordable options. And, in that, Energiewende has been an undiluted success. With price drops of more than 80 percent for solar,

and 55 percent for wind, zero-carbon energy is now competitive with fossil fuels here. 不可否认的是,上网电价补贴在初期代价会非常大。数十亿欧元的补贴,是通过增收所有人的电费来支付的。但这样做的目的不只是购买更多可再生能源:它要创造需求,以压低太阳能和风能的成本,把它们变成主流的、廉价的能源选项。在这一点上,Energiewende获得了无可争议的成功。太阳能电价降幅超80%,风能降幅55%,现在零排放能源跟化石燃料比是有竞争力的。

“In my view the greatest success of the German energy transition was giving a boost to the Chinese solar panel industry,” said Ralf Fücks, the president of the Heinrich-B?ll-Stiftung, the German Green Party’s political foundation. “We created the mass market, and that led to the increased productivity and dramatic decrease in cost.” And all this in a country whose northern tip is the same latitude as the southern tip of Alaska! “在我看来,德国能源转型的最大成功在于促进了中国太阳能产业的发展,”德国绿党(Green Party)下属政治基金会海因里希·伯尔(Heinrich-B?ll-Stiftung)的会长阿尔夫·富克斯(Ralf Fücks)说。“我们在这一领域创造了大众市场,从而提高生产效率,大幅压低成本。”这一切,都是由一个国土北端跟阿拉斯加南端在同一纬度上的国家实现的!

This is a world-saving achievement. And, happily, as the price fell, the subsidies for new installations also dropped. The Germans who installed solar ended up making money, which is why the program remains popular, except in coal-producing regions. Today, more than 1.4 million

German households and cooperatives are generating their own solar/wind electricity. “There are now a thousand energy cooperatives operated by private people,” said the energy economist Claudia Kemfert. 这是一项拯救世界的成就。而且令人欣喜的是,随着价格的下降,对新装用户的补贴也下降了。安装了太阳能板的德国人最终是赚钱的,这就是为什么该项目始终很受欢迎,只有产煤区例外。目前德国有140多万户家庭和协作组织在使用自己的太阳能/风能电力。“现在有上千个私立能源协作组织在运行,”能源经济学家克劳迪娅·肯福尔特(Claudia Kemfert)说。

Oliver Krischer, the vice chairman of the Green Party’s parliamentary group, told me: “I have a friend who comes home, and, if the sun is shining, he doesn’t even say hello to his wife. He first goes downstairs and looks at the meter to see what [electricity] he has produced himself. ... The idea now is that energy is something you can [produce] on your own. It’s a new development.” And it has created so much pushback against the country’s four major coal/nuclear utilities that one of them, E.On, just split into two companies — one focusing on squeezing the last profits from coal, oil, gas and nuclear, while the other focuses on renewables. Germans jokingly call them “E.Off” and “E.On.” 绿党议会党团副主席奥列佛·科舍尔(Oliver Krischer)告诉我:“我有个朋友,在有太阳的日子,到家都顾不上跟妻子打招呼,会径直到楼下去查电表,看看自己发了多少[电]。现在有了能源可以自己来[生产]的观念。这是个进展。”该国的四大煤电/核电公司受到极大冲击,以至于其中意昂集团(E.On)分拆成了两个公司——一个专注于榨取煤炭、石油、天然气和核能最后的一点利润,另一个专注可再生能源。德国人开玩笑说它们分别叫“E.Off”和“E.On”。

One problem: Germany still has tons of cheap, dirty lignite coal that is used as backup power for wind and solar, because cleaner natural gas is more expensive and nuclear is being phased out. 这里有一个问题:德国仍然有大量廉价、肮脏的褐煤,用来作为风能和太阳能的后备,因为更清洁的天然气要更贵,而核能正被逐步淘汰。

So if that’s the story on renewable power, how about national power? Two generations after World War II, Germany’s reticence to project any power outside its borders is deeply ingrained in the political psyche here. That is a good thing, given Germany’s past. But it is not sustainable. There is an impressive weight to Germany today — derived from the quality of its governing institution, its rule of law, and the sheer power of its economy built on midsize businesses — that is unique in Europe. 可再生电力是这样,那么国家势力的情况如何呢?经过二战后两代人的发展,不愿意将自己的力量伸展到国境之外的心态,已在德国政治中深深扎根。考虑到历史,这是好事。但这是不可持续的。以当今德国的地位之重要,在欧洲绝无仅有——这是源于它在行政制度、法治方面的高水准,以及基于中型企业的强势经济。

When you talk to German officials about Greece, their main complaint is not about Greek fiscal policy, which is better lately, but about the rot and corruption in Greece’s governing institutions. The Greeks “couldn’t implement the structural reforms they needed if they wanted to,” one German financial official said to me. Athens’s institutions are a mess. 当你跟德国官员谈起希腊时,他们的主要不满不是希腊的财政政策——这方面近来已经好转了——而是它的政府机构的腐败。一位德国财政官员跟我说,希腊人“无法实施结构性改革,有这个意愿也做不到。”希腊的政府部门一团糟。

With America less interested in Europe, Britain fading away both from the European Union and the last vestiges of it being a global military power, France and Italy economically hobbled and most NATO members shrinking their defense budgets, I don’t see how Germany

avoids exercising more leadership. Its economic sanctions are already the most important counter to Russian aggression in Ukraine. And in the Mediterranean Sea, where Europe now faces a rising tide of refugees (and where Russia and China just announced that their navies will

hold a joint exercise in mid-May), Germany will have to catalyze some kind of E.U. naval response. 美国对欧洲的兴趣在减少,英国正淡出欧盟,而最后仅存的那点作为全球性军事力量的身份,也将荡然无存,法国和意大利的经济不振,大多数北约(NATO)国家都在缩减国防预算,德国发挥更多领导作用,在我看来是不可避免的。它对俄罗斯的经济制裁,目前是对抗该国对乌克兰的进犯的最重要手段。此外在地中海,欧洲要面对一股越来越汹涌的难民潮(而俄罗斯和中国刚宣布,两国海军五月中旬会在那里举行联合军事演习),德国别无选择,只能力主欧盟海上力量进行某种回应。

The relative weight of German power vis-à-vis the rest of Europe just keeps growing, but don’t say that out loud here. A German foreign policy official put their dilemma this way: “We have to get used to assuming more leadership and be aware of how reluctant others are to have Germany lead — so we have to do it through the E.U.” 德国跟其他欧洲国家在影响力上的差距还会进一步拉大,但话不能说太直白。一位德国外交政策官员表达了他们的两难境地:“我们要做好担负更多领导角色的准备,并且要清楚,其他国家有多不情愿让德国来带头——所以我们必须通过欧盟行事。”

Here’s my prediction: Germany will be Europe’s first green, solar-powered superpower. Can those attributes coexist in one country, you ask? They’re going to have to. 我的预测:德国会是欧洲第一个绿色的、由太阳能驱动的超级大国。你也许会问,一个国家能同时具备这几个属性吗?他们别无选择。

篇二:B老师推荐的雅思复习笔记!

想要自己复习的着就是福利了!

阅读笔记

第一部分:

一.趋势: 难度降低,长度增加。

有重复,但概率不大。作文题是中国大陆六个月前的。

文章出处:社会报告;泰吾士报,国家地理,金融时报,natural science , Economist ;

二.分数段:Academic Reading

16-22:5分

19-22:5.5

23-25:6分

26-28:6.5

29-31:7分

32-35:7.5

36-37:8分

38-39:8.5

40: 9分

三.题型:节约时间,提高速度,增加语感

8种题型:

1. List of headings 标题对应 (很难)

2. TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN 一般13题 要简单思维(难点)

3. Summary 词数不超过55,每句话不超过15个,只考4-5个空,每个空都有选项;只考文章3个段落;1到2个形容词,其余是名词

4. Multiple-choice 多项选择题 (简单)

只有一个答案是正确的,每个段落只有一个标题,一般限制在5个

5. Matching 配对 (最难)

人名和理论配对;论点和论据配对;概念与解释配对

6. 图表填空题

经典图表填空题,不会考到图形填空题

7. Flow charts 以箭头为连接的填空题 (容易)

确定范围,确定信息点在哪几个段落中

8. Sentence completion 完成句子--变形的Matching

一般都给选项

根据语法手段做简单

四.阅读方式

1.没有必要把文章全读懂

精髓:中心词的对应过程--找到一模一样的词;

重要信息点的反复过程--时间,人名,地名,数字,斜体字,大写字,

黑体字,括号,引号,画线部分

直接看题做题,不需要先浏览文章

大多数文章结构相同

大多数文章都给标题 (考文章题目的题,看第一句和最后一句)

试卷可以划写,应该把重要信息点在看完题目后划一遍

2.看题要求:(A4彩色试卷)

把40题在哪里先看一遍;

千万不要忘记阅读题目要求;

3.看文章速度要快,直线阅读,不要患得患失

看文章方式,做题技巧

1. 看title ,找到中心概念

2. 直接看题做题。分析题目要求 (文章哪个部分,限词量)

3.雅思跟词汇理解没有关系,只要找到同样的词和语法结构。(真实考试都是一选一,不可能问两个信息在同一段落,可用排除法)

4. 把答案直接写在答题纸上,不要漏题。

五.学习要求

预习:

1. 按规定时间完成,记录所用时间

2. 把每种题型错多少题,做表格总结

3. 预习时标出段落符号和行距 (每个段落每隔5行标行距)

课后要复习

单词四级足够

六.SUMMARY 题型

1. 定位于文章哪个部分:文章顺序 (summary 题一般在题目中部或尾部--对应相同部位文章) 三段论--最终极限 (如果是最后一题就考倒数三段)

首末句--看summary题目中心词在文章中的位置,看其中间 段落

2. 确立语法 (每个空应填什么性质的词,符合语法)

3. 中心词围攻法 (划出中心词,夹击,缩小范围)

4. 时态(语法结构)不会变,词会变(同义词)

七.LIST OF HEADINGS 题型 (p6)

看文章首末句

八:p7页:Social and cultural impacts of tourism in Cyprus 非常重要,旅游文章 文章根据图表分为前后两个部分

TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN

1.洲和国家,国家和省市:文中提到洲(国家),选项给国家(省市)--not given 文中提到国家(省市),选项给洲(国家)--true

2.18题双重否定句型--语法结构清楚的话,不一定要弄懂句子意思

19-21题:

现在考试绝对没有不填空格的情况。

一. TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN (p18)

50---52题:51题--出现less obviously (less likely, less possible)之类的,题目中没

有说明,一定是 NOT GIVEN

有几点不考:1.文化理解差异不考

2.True中修辞不考,考事实比较

the green party

3.对比和对照不考

4.尽量考4-5个段落,尽量按文章顺序出题

5.False 和 Not Given 的定义:

中心词概念在范围、限定、时间前后、动作状态、肯定与否定情形、 如果是对立,答案是False,如果是irrelevant 答案是Not Given

绝对没有整篇文章的Not Given,考原文中的一句话

一.TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN

含有only 的有90%是False, 10%是NG

False 三大概率选择:only , all, most, 形容词比较级最高级(大部分F, 小部分NG) 原文是somewhat, somewhere ??题目是always, usually ??选false.

一.P128.

Matching :

1.选项没有一定顺序

2. 解题前分析所有选项,确定中心词

3. 如何找到某人背后的理论是重要的?引导词(find, note, suggest, show, discover, develop)

4. 末句理论:人名理论段落末句

5. 一个选项对应一个段落,难度下降。 (运用排除法)

6. 找出中心词段落,人名最近原则

凡有地图、照片、漫画的文章都不作为图表考题(包括说明文字),考的只是柱状图,表 格图等

13--19 :

Flow charts :1.关键在于确定第一个方框在哪里,然后逐段往下,例外:最后一个方 可能与上一个方框在一个段落

2.和summary 一样,给你选项

3.分析空格,找出信息点。

20--23: 1.图题不考

2.斜体字、大写字母、完全黑体字

24--27:TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN :

二.PASSATE THREE

28--32 :List of headings

不考内容:政治、法律、时事。List of headings 是考文章结构的。标题代表了文章叙

的中心概念。

解题:1.分析所有的标题

2.论述要放文章中间,开头阐述观点(中心观点在标题里)

3.effect, consequence, impact, the role of , 一般在最后

38--41:Sentence completion

1. 找出选项中心词

2. 确定一段,上下推定。(一般考连在一起的段落)按顺序出题,按顺序解题。

三.TEST TWO : PASSAGE 1

1--5:List of headings

6--11:True false not given

四.PASSAGE 3

40--42:Matching 注意选项中的相同信息点

最好的方法:直接找中心词互相对应,然后直接根据二选二来找

第二好的方法:定位misconception , 然后回原文找(保险,但时间长)

. TEST 3 (p 151)

Passage 1

1--5题不具有代表性

6--8题题型不考

9--13:Matching

passage 2 14--19 List of headings :如果首末句没有帮助,注意段中人名后的理论 passage 3 28--31 True false not given:

一. TEST 4

重点题型 5-8: 横向方面一定是一个段落;纵向可能是下一个段落,但不可能是上一个段落;补充说明一般都在括号中找;

第2部分:题型总结

Summary做法

I.确定summary的首末句在原文中的位置

根据题目要求

根据首末句来判断

II. 分析每个空格的可能语法属性

II. 分析每个空格的可能语法属性

III. 根据空格前后的相关信息回原文锁定答案

1. Summary中的以下成分不会改变:

A. 专有名词

B. 时间状语、时间

C. 地点

D. 人名

E. 数字及**比

F. 金钱符号

G. 特殊印刷体及标点符号

2.如果是动词+名词,名词是空格,则回原文定位该动词

3.如果是动词+介词+名词,名词是空格,则回原文先定位介词,再定动词+介词结构

4.如果是动词+介词+名词+定状补或同位语

a. 同3

b. 空格后的成分在原文中不会改变

5.名词+谓语+宾语,

a. 回原文定位与空格后的谓语一致的语法结构

b. 宾语一般不会改变

完成句子做法

I. 分析需完成部分的语法结构

II. 分析已给出句子的中心词,分为定位中心词及句意关键词

1. 定位中心词

a) 专有名词

b) 时间及地点

c) 人名、数字及**比

d) 金钱符号、特殊印刷体、特殊标点符号

2. 句意关键词

a) 句子的主语和谓语

b) 空格前的介词及助动词

c) 空格前的情态动词

d) 空格前的形容词

e) 句子中的比较成分

f) 句子中的否定及肯定成分

III. 回原文定位填空

选项式

I.类型:

1. 须完成部分的语法属性单一

2. 须完成部分的语法属性多元

II.做法:

1. 分析每个选项的语法属性

2. 分析题目的语法属性

3. 进行选项与题目的语法归类

4. 如有可能回原文定位

True/False/Not Given

I. 做法

1. 准确理解题意

a) 语法主谓宾确定

b) 是否有好坏、优劣、快慢判断

c) 是否有only判断

篇三:经典法律英语对话(八)

最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻!

洛基英语,免费体验全部在线一对一课程: /(报名网址)

经典法律英语对话(八)

法律英语已经新鲜出炉了,请各位小伙伴持续关注哦!从今天开始为大家带来几组经典的法律英语对话,还是跟小编整理的其他资料一样,简单实用,乃法务人士所必备。还等什么,快去大饱眼福吧!

1、你曾参加过什么政党吗

A Have you every belonged to a political party?

你曾参加过什么政党吗?

B No, I haven’t, but I thought about joining the green party.

没有,我没有过。但是我曾考虑过加入绿营。

A Really? I know you are very concerned about the environment. You were a member of the pressure group greenpeace, weren’t you?

真的吗?我知道你很关心环境问题。你以前是绿色和平组织的成员,是不是?

B Yes. I was. But I didn’t have enough time to devote to it.

是的,我以前是。但是我没有足够的时间参与进去。

A The green party have no chance of winning an election. The other parties are too big and popular.

洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩,是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英

绿营没有机会赢得选举。相比而言,其他政党都太大太普遍了。

B You’re right. But smaller political and pressure groups can often influence large political parties. Any member of parliament can propose legislation and parties and pressure groups and raise awareness.

对。但是小政党和压力集团经常能够影响大的政党。国会中小的政党能够提议法案,压力集团能够引起关注。

A Most people are not very politically aware. They often don’t understand the issues fully.

大多数人都没有政治意识。他们常不能全面理解事态。

B That’s true. But it’s a little strange because the media often reports on political events. You can read about them in newspaper or hear them on tv.

确实如此。但是奇怪的是媒体经常报道政治事件。你可以在报纸上看到,或者在电视上听到。

2、我遇到了持刀抢劫的

A Good evening,sir. I understand that you have been robbed.

晚上好,先生。我知道你这里被抢劫了。

B I certainly have.

是的。

A When did this happen?

什么时候发生的?

B About two hours ago.

洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩,是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英

大概两个小时前。

A Why didn't you report it before?

为什么你不早点报警呢?

B I couldn't. I was bound and gagged.

我没办法。我被绑着并且被封口了。

A Please tell me exactly what happened.

请告诉我到底发生了什么。

B I was sitting in this room watching television when someone knocked on the door. Without thinking, I opened it.

我坐在这个房间里看电视,然后有人敲门。我什么没想就开门了。

A That wasn't very wise , sir.

这样做可不明智,先生。

B I know. I was expecting my wife, you see, and thought it was her.

我知道。我正等着我妻子回家,你知道,我以为是她。

A You should never open a door without looking to see who it is.

打开门之前都应该看看是谁在门外。

B Yes , I know. I regret it very much.

是的,我知道,我很后悔当时没看就开门。

A What happened?

后来发生什么了?

B Two men pushed into the flat. One of them threatened me with a knife while the 洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩,是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英

other bound and gagged me.

两个男人冲了进来。一个用刀威胁我而另一个绑住我并把我的嘴巴封了起来。

A Did you get a good look at them?

你看到他们长什么样子了吗?

B I'm afraid not. They were both wearing stockings over their faces.

没有。他们都用丝袜遮住了脸。

A What did they take?

他们抢走了什么了?

B My wallet, with $200 in it,my wrist watch.some of my wife's jewellery from our bedroom, and a silver photoframe.

我的钱包,里面有200美元,我的手表。还从卧室里拿走了我妻子的一些首饰,一个银质相框。

A They don't seem to have done much damage to the flat.

看上去他们没有破坏你的房间。

B No. They had just begun to search when the dogs next door began to bark. They ran off then leaving me bound and gagged. It was some time before my wife returned and released me. I phoned the police at once.

没有。他们在搜值钱的东西时候,隔壁的狗正在狂吠。他们逃跑了。过了一会儿,我的妻子才回来,给我松绑后,我打电话报了警。

A My men began searching the area as soon as we received your call.I can't promise you that we'll recover your property but we'll certainly do our best.

洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩,是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英

接到你们的电话以后,我的人开始展开搜索。我不能保证能够把你的财产全找回来,但是我们一定会尽全力的。

今天的经典法律英语对话就为大家分享到这里了,如果大家很感兴趣的话,可以关注我们的免费英语学习和在线英语培训网站,搜索下载更多的学习资料哦!

“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。。。。

更多价值连城的绝密英语学习资料,

洛基内部秘密英语,技巧,策略

请在 网上 申请报名”

洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩,是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英

篇四:我最爱阅读

我最爱阅读

Have I convinced you yet that you need to do more? No? OK, here are one or two more facts. 1.

·Recycling just one plastic bottle saves enough energy to power a light bulb for six hours.

·Collecting dustbins and cleaning streets costs £1.6 billion per year.

Surely you must believe me now. You need to do more.The good news is that there is something else

you can do:JOIN THE GREEN PARTY OR DONATE SOME MONEY

No, not tomorrow, do it now. And make sure you don’t throw this leaflet away. PLEASE RECYCLE ME.

Question: According to the author, what can we do if we want to do more to protect the environment?

2.

我最爱阅读

“We catch less and less because of global warming, especially in the past two or three years. The ice pack cracks even in winter so the hunters can’t use their dogsleds and they have a hard time making a living,” says 51-year-old Anda Koitse, who is from the tiny island of Kulusuk in southeastern Greenland. One elderly resident, known only by his first name Jonathan, recalls that in the 1970s and 1980s “winter arrived in October and the ice froze, and with that came the seals, walrus and polar bears.”

“Today, the ice coming from the north arrives later and later, in December, sometimes in January. Now you can almost sail the waters the whole year,” he says.

Question: What is the author’s purpose in writing the article?

3.

Most of us think that heating and air-conditioning are very important, perhaps essential features of our

我最爱阅读

houses, but houses in the new housing project are being designed without these features. Architects in Europe believe it is possible to keep a house at a comfortable temperature by using the local climate and architectural technology. These experts believe there is no need for a heating system which uses fuel if the walls, windows and ceilings are properly designed. Some of the important design features are:

·Interior and exterior walls which are three times as thick as normal walls.

· Curtains outside the windows.

· Windows made from a German aluminium alloy and low radiation glass.

Question: How will each home keep a comfortable temperature?

4.

Chinese people might think that people from different European countries are very similar to each other. They might think that there is a common European identity and they might be right. But if you ask

我最爱阅读

me what we European people have in common, it is not a very easy question to answer.The first thing I think of are the huge differences within Europe. There are for example, dozens and dozens of different languages. Some of these are related to each other, French, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese for example, but some are very different indeed. I can speak more Chinese than I can Welsh or Finnish! We can’t really say that language unites Europe, so our next question is: Is it religion which unites Europeans? To some extent, we can say yes as Christianity is widespread in Europe.

Question: What does the word ‘identity’ mean in the first paragraph?

5.

For me the most important thing is to improve the education in the developing countries of Africa. There is an old saying that “If you give a man a fish, you’ll feed him for a day. If you teach him how to fish, you’ll feed him for a lifetime”. We need to help people to help themselves, not just throw money at the

我最爱阅读

People seem to give a lot more money to charity when there is a sudden, huge disaster like the tsunami. problem.——Rebecca, aged 15, Liverpool It’s good that people give money generously to the tsunami, but we also need to give money to help with problems which are there all the time. I think everyone should give a small percentage of their salary to charity. If everyone did that, it would make a big difference.——Mary, aged 14, Stratford-on-Avon Question: What does Rebecca want to do to help Africa?

6.

Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again. In the UK,and probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year. The waste created by throwing away these old phones is very bad for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to recycle them. In this way we will be able to achieve two important

篇五:英语文化词语赏析之绿色

英语文化词语赏析之绿色

摘要:本文作者从自己独特的角度诠释了绿色的特点与象征意,并运用对比分析的方法归纳出汉英绿色之间文化内涵上的共性与个性,汉英对译,从多方面解释了绿色在汉语与英语中的表现,并开拓性引出绿色的政治关联,用心关爱绿色,更要用心理解绿色。 关键词:绿色 内涵 异同

绿色在英语中翻译为:green。 在百度百科中解释为蓝和黄混合成的颜色,像草和树叶茂盛时的颜色。绿色是大自然界中常见的颜色。那么绿色在汉语和英语中又有什么词语?有什么内涵呢?又有什么不同呢?

一 “绿”在汉语中的内涵

(1)在我最喜欢的朱自清的散文《梅雨潭》里,作者写道“我的心随潭水的绿而摇荡。那醉人的绿呀,仿佛一张极大极大的荷叶铺着,满是奇异的绿呀”我因此爱上绿色。绿是大自然的颜色。难怪诗人说“青青河边草” (2)“座中泣下谁最多,江州司马青衫湿”,从白居易著名的《琵琶行》诗中我们可以看出绿色是“出身卑贱、落魄”之意。black cloth(青布,不一定是“黑布”)《辞海》里说自古代起,汉语中绿色就有低贱、落魄、不贞和坏名声等意义。品级低的官服都是绿色;绿色服装甚至是娼妓的职业装。虽然现代中国文化中穿绿衣服不再有这些特殊含义,但仍残存了一些相关词语,如“绿帽子”(be cuckolded by sb)指“妻子有不贞行为的男人”,而非绿色的帽子;还有“青楼”(Whorehouse)指娼妓或妓院,而非绿色的楼宇。(3)代指“中国人民解放军”。小的时候老师说中国人民解放军是“绿色长城”(he Green Great Wall),因为军服是绿色的。现在,我知道有了一些和中国人民解放军有关的色如国防绿、军绿色等等。(4)“红灯停,绿灯行”小时候我们一直背着这个安全规则,原来绿色还有“安全、承诺”之意。和其他许多国家一样,在中国绿色意味着安全、希望、和平。邮箱和邮局的外观用绿色,邮递员制服也用绿色;交通信号灯中的绿灯(The green light)表示可以安全通过,由此衍生出“ 开绿灯”(give the green light )一词,意为给与批准或提供方便”;“绿色通道”(Easy access)则指为了方便残疾人通行而设置的无障碍通道。(5)“楞头儿青”,就是指做事莽撞、没有经验的人。译为英语He is still green to his job. 他对其工作尚无经验。可见绿色在汉英都有代指“办事简单、缺乏经验”的人。6)“ 环保、健康”之意。随着污染的加剧,人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性,于是绿色也经常用以表示环保之意。如“绿色革命”(green revolution.),一开始指的是为提高农作物产量而改进耕种方法的行为,所以在“自然、农业”这一意义基础上,词义引申为了“环保行动”还有,把健康的有机食品称为“绿色食品”“; 绿色和平组织”或“绿色政党”是指赞成环保的党派或团体;“绿色消费”也是指一种环保的消费方式。(7)另外,我在网上看到以前不知道的绿色的政治关联,希望和老师一起分享一下。绿色—政治关联 ①关注生态环境的组织常用绿色做代表颜色,例如绿色和平。 绿党是政党的名称,在百多个国家中使用。② 绿色是回教的传统颜色。穆罕默德在圣训中称水、绿叶、美丽的脸孔是三样好的事物。回教国家利比亚的国旗是纯绿色的。③ 在台湾,绿色是“台独”的象征颜色,因为台独的政党民进党的党旗是绿的,故名;现时台湾政治上分成两大阵营:泛绿联盟与泛蓝联盟。 2“green”在英语中的文化涵义

(1)“青春、活力”之意。英语中绿色也代表了青春与活力,如a green old age译为“老当益壮”;to remain green forever是指永葆生机与活力。(2)“金钱、财富”之意。英语中绿色是最受欢迎的颜色之一,生活中随处可见用绿色装点的事物,甚至如美元钞票也是绿色的,因此这一颜色词往往与金钱、财富有关。如美国政坛中选举获胜的候选人通常都是因为有“green power(财团)”支持着他,由此还衍生出诸如green back(美钞),green power (财

团),green sheet(政府预算表) ,green stamp(美国救济补助票,因为绿色印刷而得名)。(3)“嫉妒”之意。英语green-eyed, green with envy, green-eyed monsters都是嫉妒的意思莎士比亚的著名悲剧《奥赛罗》就把green-eyed monsters(绿眼妖魔)用作“妒忌”的同义词。(4)“无经验”之意。如果说“you’re expecting too much of him. He is still green to his job.”意思是“你对他期望过高了,他对这份工作还经验不足”。a green horn 表示没经验、容易上当受骗的人; “Do you see anything green in my eye?”其实是说 “你别以为看我还不成熟就好欺骗”。 She is a green hand in teaching English. 在英语教学中,他还是个生手(5)与“绿色植物”有关。绿色还可以象征园中的果蔬或园林技艺。英国英语中a green grocery指的是果蔬生意。还有像greenhouse(温室)最初指培养植物的密闭暖房;green finger则指有善于侍弄花草的人园林技艺出众。(6)“批准”之意。“green light(绿灯)”在英语和汉语中都可用于指权威机构对某事物或项目准予肯定或通过。很明显,这个词来自于交通信号灯。此外,英语中还有一些green构成的词既不指颜色也无文化内涵。如green room为演员休息室;green wound指未痊愈的伤口; He has a green wound in the left breast. 他左胸上有一新伤口。Green Christmas是指温暖晴好天气下的圣诞节;green Sunday则指复活节过后的第二个周日。(7)除了以上的几个内涵,我有整理了有关green的词语。a green hand 新手 green house 暖房 green room 演员休息室 as green as grass 无生活经验的 green eyed monster 嫉妒green fingers 成功的种植者;种植的高超技艺green thumb 园芝技能green light 绿灯准许许可green line (军) 轰炸机、敌我分界线green stuff 蔬菜草木in the green 青春期a green old age 老当益壮to get the green light 得到允许做某事to look through green glasses 对..感到嫉妒jack in the Greens 花屋中的人(西俗五月一日用冬青和花扎成小屋,人居其中,上街游行)in the green tree (或wood) 处于佳境green power (美) 金钱的力量green sand(铸造用的) 新取砂go to the green wood 落草(去当绿林好汉) 3 汉英语言中颜色词“绿”文化涵义的异同点比较

(1)绿色在汉英语言中有着许多相似的文化内涵。如都可用以表示农业、环境、和平、批准、生命、不成熟、无经验,等等。如英语中green stuff、green party,和汉语的“绿草”、“绿色革命”都与人们居住空间与事物有关。因为相对于黄色而言,植物呈绿色使其最佳生长时期,因此被赋予“ 青年”、“希望”这种文化内涵,如英语的green years和汉语的“青春”。又因为生命中的最佳时期意味着没有流血与死亡,故而“绿”的反义词就是“红”。同时“green olive(绿色橄榄枝)”所表达的平安之意也成为了维护世界和平力量的象征。(2)无论英语中还是汉语,绿色由于其各自国情不同而产生了许多不同的文化含义。汉语中“绿帽子”和“青楼”都是随历史变迁遗留下来的某种负面含义。而英语国家的人对绿色最直观的认识就是那些绿颜色的有生命的物体,因此成就了其文化内涵。(3)汉英两种文化内涵下的颜色词“绿”都各自存在正负两面的对立意义。正面意义如汉英语中都表达生命、希望、和平、安全。负面意义则各不相同:英语中绿色往往表示“无经验、不成熟”;还有表示嫉妒之意的词,如green-eyed;表示欺骗的green mail;表示生病的look green,等等。而汉语中没这么多含义,最为突出的负面含义就是表示地位较低,或者表示妻子对丈夫不忠的“绿帽子”。总体而言,中西方文化语言中对绿色有大量相同的理解。但由于中国特殊的历史发展使得汉语中绿色所代表的负面含义极为少见。

在准备论文的过程中,我觉得只有用心明白理解英美文化的背景与内涵,才能更好的学好英语。学好英语,用心来理解。

参考文献:《百度百科》

《绿色在中国与西方》

《绿色的文化内涵》

《梅雨潭》

字数作文