2008年12月四级真题

篇一：2008年12月四级真题

2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1.一次性塑料袋的使用

2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].

For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

That’s enough, kids

It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

“I?d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he?d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ?No, we don?t push,” What happened next was unexpected.

“The boy?s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”

Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people?s children has become a minefield.

In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister?s house it?s encouraged. For her, it?s about kids being kids: “If you can?t do it at three, when can you do it?”

Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt?s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That?s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you?re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

“Kids aren?t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But there is still an idea that they?re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you?re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that?s somehow a criticism of me.”

In those circumstances, it?s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don?t do that here? is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.”

He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if

they?re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says.

Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: “Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ?I know you?ll think I?m silly but in my house I don’t want…?”

When it comes to situations where you?re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don?t go well, then have a chat.”

There?re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”

For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when today?s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: ?don?t swear?, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They?re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their parents.”

He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.

Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you?re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”

“It?s about what I?m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, ?you probably deserved it?. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”

This jumping to our children?s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people?s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. It?s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?

“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that it?s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”

White believes our notions of a more child-centered, it? a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We?re centered on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”

One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi? intervention(干预) on her son? behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy? mother.

As Bianchi approached the park bench where she?d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”

Andrew Fuller doesn?t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people?s kids. “look at kids that aren?t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don?t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.

1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy?s mother to do when she talked to him?

A) make an apology

B) come over to intervene

C) discipline her own boy

D) take her own boy away

2. What does the author say about dealing with other people?s children?

A) it?s important not to hurt them in any way

B) it?s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

C) it?s advisable to treat them as one?s own kids

D) it?s possible for one to get into lots of trouble

3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one?s kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel___________________________

A) discouraged

B) hurt

C) puzzled

D) overwhelmed

4. What should one do when seeing other people?s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?

A) talk to them directly in a mild way

B) complain to their parents politely

C) simply leave them alone

D) punish them lightly

5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, ______________________

A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public

C) people are reluctant to point our kids? wrongdoings

D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,____________________________

A) it?s easy for people to become impatient

B) it?s difficult to create a code of conduct

C) it?s important to be friendly to everybody

D) it?s hard for people to admire each other

7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?

A) they?d question the teachers

B) they?d charge up to the school

C) they?d tell the kids to clam down

D) They?d put the blame on their kids

8. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be____________________

9. According to professor white, today?s parents treat their children as something they___________________

10. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not______________________ Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11. A)Only true friendship can last long.

B)Letter writing is going out of style.

C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.

D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

12. A) A painter. C) A porter.

B) A mechanic. D) A carpenter.

13. A) Look for a place near her office. C) Make inquiries elsewhere.

B) Find a new job down the street. D) Rent the $600 apartment.

14. A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.

B) He has been extremely busy recently.

C) He has gained some weight lately.

D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.

15. A)The woman possesses a natural for art.

B) Women have a better artistic taste than men.

C) He isn?t good at abstract thinking.

D) He doesn?t like abstract paintings.

16. A) She couldn?t have left her notebook in the library.

B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals.

C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading.

D) she shouldn?t have read his notes without his knowing it.

17. A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend

B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem

18. A)He is confident he will get the job.

B)His chance of getting the job is slim.

C)It isn?t easy to find a qualified sales manager.

D)The interview didn?t go as well as he expected.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A)He can manage his time more flexibly.

B)He can renew contact with his old friends.

C)He can concentrate on his own projects.

D)He can learn to do administrative work.

20. A)Reading its ads in the newspapers.

B)Calling its personnel department.

C)Contacting its manager.

D)Searching its website.

21. A)To cut down its production expenses.

B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.

C)To improve its administrative efficiency.

D)To utilize its retired employees? resources.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. A)Buy a tractor.

B)Fix a house.

C)See a piece of property.

D)Sing a business contract.

23. A)It is only forty miles form where they live.

B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.

D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.

24. A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor.

B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.

C)It may not be big enough for raising corn.

D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.

25. A)Finances

B)Equipment

C)Labor

D)Profits

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26 A) To introduce the chief of the city?s police force

B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

C)To address the issue of community security

D)To explain the functions of the city council

27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

B)He is head of the International Police Force

C)He completed his higher education abroad

D)He holds a master?s degree in criminology

28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

B)To get police officers closer to the local people

C)To help the residents in times of emergency

D)To enable the police to take prompt action

29 A)Popular

B)discouraging

C)effective

D)controversial

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

B)there are numerous languages in existence

C)Most public languages are inherently vague

D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages

31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

B)in improves with constant practice

C)it is something we are born with

D)it varies from person to person

32 A)how private languages are developed

B)how different languages are related

C)how people create their languages

D)how children learn to use language

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33 A)she was a tailor

篇二：2008年12月四级真题答案及解析

2008年12月四级真题答案及解析

第一个部分在我手上拿到的卷子是快速阅读。

快速阅读的名字叫做“小朋友，够了”，这篇文章讲的是关于家庭教育的文章，是说由于不同家庭对于孩子的教育标准不一样，所以导致教育别人家的孩子而成为了比较大的问题。文章一开始就说，有一个妈妈带着孩子在外头玩，结果有一个孩子过来了，把她的孩子给推倒了，她就过去跟这个孩子说，你不能这么干，你不能推我们家孩子，结果从远处跑来一个女的，估计是推人的孩子的妈妈过来，这个作者本以为这个妈妈会说“对不起”，可是这个妈妈却过来非常气凶凶的说，你怎么可以这样教育我的孩子呢，从这件事情引入了我们如何去正确的面对，去处理在我们身边别人家的小孩犯的错误，当然里面也有很多原因，包括家长的自尊心，包括这些家庭的受教育的方式以及现代社会当中家庭构成的，孩子和家庭之间，和父母之间的亲子关系等等等等很多原因，当然同一件事情也会有不同的结果，不同的处理方法，有人认为，如果我们身边有别人家的孩子犯了错误或者说做了一些你觉得不对的事情，有人认为先找孩子，有人认为应该先找他的家长。还有如果要是我们带着孩子在别人家玩，如果不符合别人家的规则，应该如何去处理。

从整体上的角度，我个人认为，这一次的快速阅读从题材上来讲，我个人认为应该是比较简单的。家庭教育，而且整篇文章是很浅显的记叙文，在记叙文的基础之上夹叙夹议加以这篇文章从题材是非常简单的，可是我要告诉我们今天通过腾讯来看我们点评节目的所有的同学，江老师在做这十道题目，我也花了十多分钟。快速阅读就是15分钟，这个快速阅读的难点在什么地方呢？难点在于没有小标题，所以说对于我们来讲的话，我们很难在短时间当中分清楚整篇文章的大致结构，整篇文章是夹叙夹议，每一段只有两三行，整篇文章保守估

计可能在25段左右，这样也导致我们无法从段落的首位句判断整个段落意思从而了解整篇文章的结构。

第三个特征，咱们这次快速阅读的第三个特征是这次，正如我上个礼拜四在腾讯预测的访谈当中说到的那样，这次的快速阅读又不是“yes or no”，不是判断题，而是简单的选择题，前面七道题目是选择题，后面三道是填空题，上周我还说到了，很有可能，不仅仅是前七道题目不是判断题，而是选择题以外，我还告诉大家了，后面三道题目一般来讲比较简单，同样不出所料，咱们这一次的四级的快速阅读后三道题目相对来讲都比较简单，恐怕还是有一些同学后面三道题目压根儿就没有做，因为前面七道题目找起原文出处非常痛苦，因为你不知道应该简单定位到哪儿去，你只能根据顺序原则，根据关健词，这种地毯式搜索。 快速阅读的第一题，作者期待着推她自己孩子的孩子的爸爸会跑过来说什么东西，在原文当中有这么一句话“我认为他原来过来是要道歉的”，这道题目比较简单，应该选择如果是A卷的话，就应该选择A过来道歉。如果是B卷的话，应该选择C。

第二题，在对待别人家小孩的时候，作者有什么样的看法，在接下来的第四段当中，原文中有这样一句话，“我们在对付自己的小孩的时候都已经比较麻烦了，对待别人的小孩那更称得上是一个“雷区”，就是说你要处理别人家的小孩会有非常之多的麻烦。这道题目第二题应该选择D，A卷和B卷都应该选择D。这个可能会使某一个人碰到很多的问题。

第三题比较简单，抓住关健词，关健词是“大学”，现在的家长一般来讲，他们认为孩子是他自己的延伸，所以说如果你要是说批评孩子，家长就会认为，你是在批评他们。因为现在的家长认为孩子是我们生命的一个延伸，第三题当问到说，如果有人在批评别人家的孩子，

别人家的父母会感到到，如果是A卷应该选择A，如果是B卷应该选择B。就是“感觉到受伤害”。

第四题，根据科学家所说的，当我们看到别人家的小孩犯错误的时候，我们应该怎么办，文章当中提到了两种方法，第一种方法是找小孩，第二种方法是找家长，我们回到原文找这位科学家的观点，就是“直接找小孩谈”，第四题如果是A卷的话，应该选择A，如果是B卷的话应该选择D。用一种比较吻合的方式直接跟孩子说。

第五题，在我们的社会当中，以孩子为中心的这样一个本质社会当中，我们家长应该干什么，根据关健词，以孩子们为中心的这样的一个关健词，回到原文当中，第五题A卷应该选择B，人们认为，在大庭广众之下来批评孩子是不应该的，应该给孩子们留点颜面。如果是B卷的话，就应该选择A。

第六题，每一个人都被超时的工作和缺乏睡眠的现状所困扰，所耗尽精疲力尽的社会当中，做什么事情是什么样子的，第六题根据原文，很简单，只要去找到“在一个什么什么样的世界”，可以回到原文当中，在试卷第2页中部，直接对应了题目当中的A卷当中的B，关于这种行为准则是比较难以创建的，A卷应该选择B，而B卷应该选择A。

第七题，在过去人们一般来讲面对着自己的孩子在自己的学校里面碰到了问题，挨了批评，过去的人们是怎么做的呢？请注意第七题，很多人可能会误解，第七题他问的是“过去的人们怎么怎么样，而不是现在的人们怎么怎么样，所以回到原文当中，你应该找到过去的人一般来讲，他会跟这些孩子说，什么样的日子呢？当这个小孩过去回到家里说，“这个爸爸可能会说你活该”，在过去这个家长对于孩子们犯错误一般会说“你活该，你不应该这么做”，这样的话，对应的第七题应该是选择D，他们会责备他们自己的孩子，可是现在这个文章当

中的意思是现在的这些家长可能更多的不愿意直接去参加管理小孩子，而是你去找老师，或者是主观认为孩子们受到了欺负，这是现在和过去的不一样。如果你的考卷是A卷的话，答案应该是ADBABABD 如果你的卷子是B卷的话，CDADAAC

快速阅读后三道题目非常简单。

第八道题，问：“怀特教授相信在这样一个社会当中，以孩子们为中心的社会当中怎么怎么样，应该选择概念定义，应该是“Should be”，被受到挑战被受到质疑。

第9题，根据怀特教授现在家长们对待孩子，就好象孩子是什么呢？认为孩子们是他们骄傲的地方。

第10题，这位教授建议当孩子们表现不好，当我们看到身边的小孩不是我们家的，如果要是出现问题的话，我们也不能够“视而不见”。

听力部分仍然是之前一共分为四个部分，首先是短对话，然后是长对话，然后是短文理解，最后一部分是复合式听写，整体来说难度变化不是很大，但是部分考生会觉得刚刚听短对话部分的时候就会觉得难度比较大，很可能会影响到接下来听的心情。

因为短对话部分，这次大家可以看到，大部分的题目都需要根据在听懂听力资料的基础上然后进行推断才能得出正确的答案，也就是说如果听到听力资料里面某些信息跟某个选项是对应的就冒然选择了这个选项，很可能选了就是错的答案，因为这是需要大家根据理解的基础上进行推断。现在大家跟我具体来看一下短对话部分。

首先看一下第11题，相对来说难度还不大，男士说自己从之前的同学那里收到了一封电子邮件，让他感到很吃惊，因为大家已经没有联系了，女士进行了回应，是说她自己本身和之

前的许多朋友也断了联系，只有一两个人还跟他偶尔写封信或者是联系，答案很直白，选D，女士跟她大部分以前的朋友已经失去了联系。

第12题，首先男士说到，请问女士是否选定了颜色，如果是选定了颜色，他就可以在下周在房子外部开始进行刷油漆，女士回答说，现在她的想法是窗框可以刷成白色的，墙刷成黄色的，但是还没有确定，明天会告诉男士。根据里面一个关健词就可以确定这个男士应该是一个油漆匠，答案就是A。

第13题，是女士想找一个房子，她是因为在下星期开始就会有一份新的工作，她想搬到离新工作单位比较近的一个公寓，她询问一个房屋中介，说有没有合适的500美元一个月以下的公寓，这个房屋中介回答说，现在有一个合适的公寓，可是价格不合适，这个价格是在600美元一个月，答题的关键是男士的最后一句话，就是说女士有没有考虑过在沿街找一个公寓，这个答案我们应该选择C。可以考虑换一个地方找一个公寓。

第14题，好多考生可能都错选了A选项，因为对话里面能够听到A选项里的一个信息，就是腰围比较大一些，女士首先问男士，昨天你买了一条牛仔裤，这个牛仔裤到底是什么样子呢，男士回答说，这条牛仔裤跟以前的牛仔裤差不多，只是腰围比较大，很多人可能一听就选A，实际上答题的关键还是在最后一句话，最后一句话男士说我觉得可能是因为最近我锻炼得不够，很显然就是她觉得自己最近长胖了一些，答案选C。

第15题，同样是需要根据男士的语气和他说话的内容进行推断，首先是女士说“咱们昨天去看的那些抽象画还不错，他挺喜欢的，她问男士“你觉得怎么样”，男士回答说，“我可能还没有这样的品位欣赏这样的画，我们通过内容和语气可以推断出来男士是不喜欢抽象画的。答案选D。

篇三：2008年12月大学英语四级真题答案(新东方版)

快速阅读

1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D

8. challenged

9. possess / own (that they can be proud of)

10. stay silent

听力：

11. D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

12. A) A painter.

13. C) Make inquires elsewhere.

14. C) He has gained some weight lately.

15. D) He doesn't like abstract paintings.

16. B) She may have put her notebook amid the journals.

17. A) She wants to get some sleep.

18. B) His chance of getting the job is slim.

19. A He can manage his time more flexible.

20. D Searching its website.

21. D To utilize its retired employee's resources.

22. C See a piece of property.

23. B It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

24. C It may now be big enough for raising corn.

25. A Finances.

26. A) To introduce the chief of the city' police force.

27. D) He holds a master's degree in criminology.

28. B) To get police officers closer to the local people.

29. C) Effective.

30. B) There are numerous languages in existence.

31. C) It is something we are born with.

32. D) How children learn to use language.

33. B) She was an engineer.

34. C) Adjusting them to different audiences.

35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.

复合式听写 continue through the next few decades.

Crime rates have always been high in multicultural industrialized societies such as the

European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the United Kingdom. populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of

These conditions are increasing observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous such as Japan, Denmark, and Greece

Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century, and Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

47. F/ desire

48. K/ naturally

49. H/ escape

50. G/ diversity

51. N/ respect

52. I/ establishing

53. B/ characters

54. A/ abundant

55. O/ widen

56. M/ properly

57 C they are more likely to survive serious diseases today.

58 B men don't seek medical care as often as women,

59 A it could happen to me, too

60 D unwillingness to find out about one's decease because of fear.

61 B they will save money in the long run.

62 B customer would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them. 63 D most stores provide the same kind of service.

64 B won't have to trouble parking their cars.

65 A manners of the salespeople

66 C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly.

PART V Cloze

67. A. among

68. D. sponsor

69. A. access

70. B. less

71. D. lack

72. C. fees

73. C. as

74. A. maintain

75. B. first

76. D. when

77. A. realized

78. C. strongly

79. D. led

80. C. particular

81. B. environment

82. A. encouraging

83. D. at

84. B. how

85. C. produce

86. A. growing

PART VI Translation

他们至今还没有答案)。 大多数父母所关心的) is proving the best education possible for their children. （决定自己创业）。 （直到一名医生偶然发现了它）。

Passage 1:

Members of the city council and distinguished guests, it is my privilege to introduce to you today Mr. Robert Washington, chief of our city’s police force. He will address us on the subject of the Community Policing Program. Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police for more than ten years.

However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world. Mr. Washington first introduced the Community Policing Program 8 years ago. The idea behind the program is to get police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city. These officers do more than make arrests. They try to find ways to help solve the problems that contribute to crime in the first place. Often that means hooking people up with services offered by other city agencies, such as schools, hospitals, housing, drug treatment centers. And the program seems to be

working: crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure. Today Mr. Washington is going to tell us more about this program. Now let’s welcome Mr. Robert Washington.

篇四：2008年12月大学英语四级考试听力真题及答案

2008年12月大学英语四级考试听力真题及答案

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.A) Only true friendship can last long.

B) Letter writing is going out of style.

C) She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.

D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

12. A) A painter. C) A porter.

B) A mechanic. D) A carpenter.

13. A) Look for a place near her office. C) Make inquiries elsewhere.

B) Find a new job down the street. D) Rent the $600 apartment.

14.A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.

B) He has been extremely busy recently.

C) He has gained some weight lately.

D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.

15.A)The woman possesses a natural for art.

B) Women have a better artistic taste than men.

C) He isn’t good at abstract thinking.

D) He doesn’t like abstract paintings.

16.A) She couldn’t have left her notebook in the library.

B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals.

C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading.

D) she shouldn’t have read his notes without his knowing it.

17. A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend

B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem

18.A)He is confident he will get the job.

B)His chance of getting the job is slim.

C)It isn’t easy to find a qualified sales manager.

D)The interview didn’t go as well as he expected.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19.A)He can manage his time more flexibly.

B)He can renew contact with his old friends.

C)He can concentrate on his own projects.

D)He can learn to do administrative work.

20.A)Reading its ads in the newspapers.

B)Calling its personnel department.

C)Contacting its manager.

D)Searching its website.

21.A)To cut down its production expenses.

B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.

C)To improve its administrative efficiency.

D)To utilize its retired employees’resources.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22.A)Buy a tractor.

B)Fix a house.

C)See a piece of property.

D)Sing a business contract.

23.A)It is only forty miles form where they live.

B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.

D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.

24.A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor.

B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.

C)It may not be big enough for raising corn.

D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.

25 A)Finances

B)Equipment

C)Labor

D)Profits

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

26 A)To introduce the chief of the city’s police force

B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

C)To address the issue of community security

D)To explain the functions of the city council

27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

B)He is head of the International Police Force

C)He completed his higher education abroad

D)He holds a master’s degree in criminology

28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

B)To get police officers closer to the local people

C)To help the residents in times of emergency

D)To enable the police to take prompt action

29 A)Popular

B)discouraging

C)effective

D)controversial

Passage Two

30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

B)there are numerous languages in existence

C)Most public languages are inherently vague

D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages

31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

B)in improves with constant practice

C)it is something we are born with

D)it varies from person to person

32 A)how private languages are developed

B)how different languages are related

C)how people create their languages

D)how children learn to use language

Passage Three

33 A)she was a tailor

B)she was an engineer

C)she was an educator

D)she was a public speaker

34.A)Basing them on science-fiction movies.

B) Including interesting examples in them

C) Adjusting them to different audiences

D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science

35.A) Whether spacemen carry weapons

B) How spacesuits protect spacemen

C) How NASA trains its spacemen

D) What spacemen cat and drink

Section C

Directions : In this section .you will hear a passage three time. When the passage is read for first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the first time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few decades.

Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new(37)____has appeared on the world(38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____. Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40)___and auto theft are clearly rising(41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.

What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44)

___________________________________________________________________________________

These conditions are increasingly observable around the world . For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece

(45)________________________________________________________________________

Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and (46)_______________________________________________

参考答案

11.D. She has lost contact with most of her friends

12.A. A painter

13.C. Make inquiries elsewhere

14.C. He has gained some weight lately

15.D. he doesn’t like abstract paintings

16.B .she may have put her notebook amid the journals

17.A .she wants to get some sleep

18.B .his chance of getting the job is slim

19.A

20.A

21.D

22.C

23.B

24.C

25.A

26. A) To introduce the chief of the city' police force.

27. D) He holds a master's degree in criminology.

28. B) To get police officers closer to the local people.

29. C) Effective.

30. B) There are numerous languages in existence.

31. C) It is something we are born with.

32. D) How children learn to use language.

33. B) She was an engineer.

34. C) Adjusting them to different audiences.

35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.

36 trend

37 phenomenon

38 scene

39 offences

40 murder

41 particularly

42 explosion

43 associated

44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.

45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.

46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.

篇五：2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题、答案及听力原文

2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1.一次性塑料袋的使用

2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].

For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

That’s enough, kids

It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

“I‘d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he‘d shoved,‖ she says.‖ I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ‘No, we don‘t push,‖ What happened next was unexpected.

“The boy‘s mother ran toward me from across the park,‖ Stella says,‖ I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?‖

Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people‘s children has become a minefield.

In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister‘s house it‘s encouraged. For her, it‘s about kids being kids: ―If you can‘t do it at three, when can you do it?‖

Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt‘s house. But I find myself saying ―no‖ a lot when her kids are over at mine. That‘s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you‘re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

“Kids aren‘t all raised the same,‖ agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.‖ But there is still an idea that they‘re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you‘re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that‘s somehow a criticism of me.‖

In those circumstances, it‘s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don‘t do that here‘ is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.” He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they‘re there and ask them to deal with it,‖ she says.

Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: ―Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ‘I know you‘ll think I‘m silly but in my house I don’t want…‘‖

When it comes to situations where you‘re caring for another child, white is straightforward: ―common sense must prevail. If things don‘t go well, then have a chat.‖

There‘re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. ―A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.‖

For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:‖ The rules are different now from when today‘s parents were growing up,‖ he says, ―Adults are scared of saying: ‘don‘t swear‘, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They‘re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their parents.‖

He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.

Meredith Fuller agrees: ―A code of conduct is hard to create when you‘re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.‖ “It‘s about what I‘m doing and what I need,‖ Andrew Fuller says. ‖the days when a kid came home from school and said, ―I got into trouble‖. And dad said, ?you probably deserved it‘. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.‖

This jumping to our children‘s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people‘s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. It‘s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?

“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,‖ White says. ―I suspect that it‘s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.‖

White believes our notions of a more child-centered, it‘ a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We‘re centered on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.‖

One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi‘ intervention(干预) on her son‘ behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy‘ mother.

As Bianchi approached the park bench where she‘d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. ―Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”

Andrew Fuller doesn‘t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people‘s kids. ―look at kids that aren‘t your own as a potential minefield,‖ he says. He recommends that we don‘t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.

1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy‘s mother to do when she talked to him?

A) make an apology

B) come over to intervene

C) discipline her own boy

D) take her own boy away

2. What does the author say about dealing with other people‘s children?

A) it‘s important not to hurt them in any way

B) it‘s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

C) it‘s advisable to treat them as one‘s own kids

D) it‘s possible for one to get into lots of trouble

3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one‘s kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel___________________________

A) discouraged

B) hurt

C) puzzled

D) overwhelmed

4. What should one do when seeing other people‘s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?

A) talk to them directly in a mild way

B) complain to their parents politely

C) simply leave them alone

D) punish them lightly

5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, ______________________

A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public

C) people are reluctant to point our kids‘ wrongdoings

D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,____________________________

A) it‘s easy for people to become impatient

B) it‘s difficult to create a code of conduct

C) it‘s important to be friendly to everybody

D) it‘s hard for people to admire each other

7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?

A) they‘d question the teachers

B) they‘d charge up to the school

C) they‘d tell the kids to clam down

D) They‘d put the blame on their kids

8. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be____________________

9. According to professor white, today‘s parents treat their children as something they___________________

10. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not______________________

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11. A)Only true friendship can last long.

B)Letter writing is going out of style.

C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.

D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

12. A) A painter. C) A porter.

B) A mechanic. D) A carpenter.

13. A) Look for a place near her office. C) Make inquiries elsewhere.

B) Find a new job down the street. D) Rent the $600 apartment.

14. A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.

B) He has been extremely busy recently.

C) He has gained some weight lately.

D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.

15. A)The woman possesses a natural for art.

B) Women have a better artistic taste than men.

C) He isn‘t good at abstract thinking.

D) He doesn‘t like abstract paintings.

16. A) She couldn‘t have left her notebook in the library.

B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals.

C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading.

D) she shouldn‘t have read his notes without his knowing it.

17. A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend

B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem

18. A)He is confident he will get the job.

B)His chance of getting the job is slim.

C)It isn‘t easy to find a qualified sales manager.

D)The interview didn‘t go as well as he expected.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A)He can manage his time more flexibly.

B)He can renew contact with his old friends.

C)He can concentrate on his own projects.

D)He can learn to do administrative work.

20. A)Reading its ads in the newspapers.

B)Calling its personnel department.

C)Contacting its manager.

D)Searching its website.

21. A)To cut down its production expenses.

B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.

C)To improve its administrative efficiency.

D)To utilize its retired employees‘ resources.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. A)Buy a tractor.

B)Fix a house.

C)See a piece of property.

D)Sing a business contract.

23. A)It is only forty miles form where they live.

B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.

D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.

24. A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor.

B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.

C)It may not be big enough for raising corn.

D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.

25. A)Finances B)Equipment C)Labor D)Profits

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26 A) To introduce the chief of the city‘s police force

B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

C)To address the issue of community security

D)To explain the functions of the city council

27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

B)He is head of the International Police Force

C)He completed his higher education abroad

D)He holds a master‘s degree in criminology

28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

B)To get police officers closer to the local people

C)To help the residents in times of emergency

D)To enable the police to take prompt action

29 A)Popular

B)discouraging

C)effective

D)controversial

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

B)there are numerous languages in existence

C)Most public languages are inherently vague

D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages

31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

B)in improves with constant practice

C)it is something we are born with

D)it varies from person to person

32 A)how private languages are developed

B)how different languages are related

C)how people create their languages

D)how children learn to use language

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33 A)she was a tailor

B)she was an engineer

C)she was an educator D)she was a public speaker

34.A)Basing them on science-fiction movies.

B) Including interesting examples in them

C) Adjusting them to different audiences

D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science

35.A) Whether spacemen carry weapons

B) How spacesuits protect spacemen

C) How NASA trains its spacemen

D) What spacemen cat and drink

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few decades.

Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37) ____has appeared on the world (38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____. Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40) ___and auto theft are clearly rising (41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.

What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44) _________________________________________________.

These conditions are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece (45)_______________________. Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and (46)_______________________

Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） （25 minutes）

Section A

Question 47-56

A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural______47_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 _____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a __50 _____ of human experiences and come to ___51 ____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 ____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53__ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.

Books provide ___54 ____ material for readers‘ imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books __55 ____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 ___. The social and educational significance of the readers‘ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.

A. Abundant B. Characters C. Communicating D. Completely E. Derive F. Desire G. Diversity

H. Escape I. Establishing J. Narrow K. Naturally L. Personnel M. Properly N. Respect O. Widen

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.

There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don‘t go to the doctor.

“Men aren‘t seeing doctors as often as they should, ‖ says Dr. Gullotta, ―This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.‖

Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.

Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker‘s cough for a year.

小学作文