tear可数吗
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篇一:名词tear可数吗
名词tear可数吗 名词tear的意思是“眼泪”,“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,所以你认为“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数,对吗?如果你真是这样想的,那就错了。请看下面一道题:I found her sitting in the corner, reading _________ newspaper, with _________ in her eyes.A. a, tear B. a piece of, tears C. a, tears D. a piece of, tearD. a piece of, tears
此题最佳答案为C。newspaper和 tear均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数,而且还可以连用数词。Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。顺便说一句,若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西,而只是把它当成一种“纸”来看待,也可用作不可数名词,如:Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
篇二:名词
water可数吗
一、water不可数
water表示“水”,是物质名词,不可数。如:
The water in the lake is so clear that you can see the bottom. 湖水清澈见底。 Please remember to water the plants while I’m away. 我不在时,请记住浇花。 As water begins to boil, bubbles rise ever faster to the surface. 水开了,气泡更快地升上水面。
The water in the lake is not particularly deep, averaging about 12 metres. 湖水不是很深,平均约为12米。
A block in the pipe was preventing the water from coming through. 管道中的东西堵住了水流。
If you give water to a small baby to drink, you have to boil it first. 如果你喂婴儿水喝,你必须先把水烧开。
We’ll take the boat out into deep water where we can dive. 我们要把小船划进我们可以跳水的深水区域。
二、water用复数
但是,注意,water 虽然表示―水‖时不可数,但在某些特殊情况下可用复数。如:
1. 表示―水域‖―水体‖时,可以用复数。如:
The fish are on sale from our own coastal waters. 出售的鱼来自我们自己的近海水域。
Brackish waters generally support only a small range of faunas. 咸水水域通常只能存活为数不多的几种动物。
The ill fated ship was sent off course into shallow waters and rammed by another vessel. 这艘倒霉的船偏离航道误入浅水区,被另外一艘船撞上了。
2. 表示某国的―近海‖―海域‖―领海‖时,可以用复数。如:
The government is allowing the areas of inshore coastal waters to be explored for oil and gas. 当局允许在近海海域勘探石油和天然气。
The two countries are in dispute over the boundaries of their coastal waters. 两国在近海水域分界线上尚存分歧。
Other nations are forbidden to fish the waters within 200 miles of the coast. 其他国家被禁止在离岸200英里的海域内捕鱼。
3. 表示―矿泉水‖―泉水‖―喷泉水花‖时,可以用复数。如:
We drink table waters. 我们喝瓶装矿泉水。
A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight. 一首伟大的诗篇犹如一座喷泉,永远喷出智慧和欢乐的水花。
注意,take [drink] the waters 为固定搭配,指喝矿泉水治疗或到矿泉胜地疗养。如: He is taking [drinking] the waters at Bath. 他在巴斯进行矿泉治疗。
4. 表示―洪水‖等大量的水时,可以用复数。如:
The flood waters subsided. 洪水退了。
Flood waters swept everything from their path. 洪水沿路冲走了一切。
People spoke of their fear as the floor waters rose. 人们说起看到洪水上涨时的恐惧。 DCS: The dam broke because there was no outlet for the flood waters. 由于那大坝上没有泄洪口,大坝决口了。
5. 表示几条不同河流或海域的水,习惯上要用复数。如:
The waters of the two rivers mingled (together) to form one river. 两条河汇合成一条。
6. 在某些固定表达中,可以用复数。如:
in smooth water(s) 进展顺利,一帆风顺
pour oil on troubled waters平息风波,作和事佬,调停争端
fish in muddy waters 趁火打劫,混水摸鱼
fish in troubled waters 混水摸鱼
pain可数吗
1. 表示肉体上的―痛‖―疼痛‖:此时可用作可数或不可数名词。如:
This tooth is giving me pain. 这颗牙很疼。
Mary felt a sharp pain in her left arm. 玛丽左臂感到一阵剧烈的疼痛。
Chest pains may be symptomatic of heart disease. 胸痛可能是心脏病的症状。
由于可用作可数或不可数名词,所以有时在同一语境中用pain, a pain, pains都是可能的。如:
I have pain [a pain, pains] in my back. 我背疼。
用作不可数名词,可用much, little等修饰;用作可数名词时,可用many, few等修饰。如:
Was it possible to have so much pain that it could no longer hurt? 痛得很厉害以至不再感到疼痛,这种情况可能吗?
After falling from a ladder, he had many physical aches and pains. 从梯子上摔下来以后他感到身上到处都痛。
2. 表示精神上的―痛苦‖:此时只用作不可数名词,不用复数形式,也不与不定冠词连用。如:
I could not stand the pain any longer. 我再也忍受不了这种痛苦了。
I hope you will forgive me if I have given you pain.如果我给了你痛苦,希望你原谅我。
3. 表示“努力”“辛苦”:此时总是用pains这样的复数形式。如:
He had written the book with great pains. 他呕心沥血写了这本书。
We must give him something for his pains. 我们必须给他点什么以便酬报他的辛劳。 此时pains虽为复数形式,但在选择修饰语时,却总是被视为不可数名词,即不能用 many, few 等修饰,但可用 much, little等修饰。如:
Much pains, no gains. 辛劳无获。
tear可用复数吗
tear 是可数名词还是不可数名词?它应该用单数tear还是用复数tears?许多英语初学者认为,“眼泪”(tear) 就是“泪水”,而“泪水”(tear) 其实就是一种“水”,所以它应该是不可数的,只能用单数形式,不应该用复数形式。其实,错了!在英语中,tear是一个典型的可数名词,而且通常使用复数形式。如:
(转载于:www.smhaida.com 海 达 范 文网:tear可数吗)She couldn’t keep back her tears. 她忍不住哭了。
Tears ran down her face. 眼泪顺着她的脸流了下来。
The sight affected her to tears. 此情此景使她感动得流泪。
Hearing the news, she broke into tears. 听到这个消息,她就哭了起来。
其实,tear不仅可用复数,而且还可连用不定冠词,甚至连用数词,如说one tear, two tears, three tears, four tears, five tears等。如:
A tear rolled down his cheek. 一滴泪珠沿着他的面颊流下来。
Her head sank down and two great tears fell on his hand. 她低下头,两滴大泪珠落到了他手上。
有时还可与a few, some, many等连用,即说 a few tears, some tears, many tears等。如:
How many tears have I cried over you? 我为你流了多少眼泪呀!
I must admit I shed a few tears when the school closed. 我必须承认,当学校关闭的时候,我掉过几滴泪。
英语能否说 a parent
有网友在“答疑中心”问,英语是否可以说 a parent(问题见:www.yygrammar.com/guestbook/Guest_Reply.asp?TopicID=1405)。回复如下:
■英语完全可以说 a parent。
■parent 的意思是“父亲”或“母亲”,指父母两人当中的一个,所以若说 a parent,指的就是―父亲‖或―母亲‖,尽管我们在汉语翻译时表父母表示。如:
Would you intervene if you saw a parent hit a child? 要是你看见家长打孩子,你会干预吗?——摘自《美国当代英语学习词典》
A grandparent’s job is easier than a parent’s. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务轻松一些。 ——摘自《牛津英语用法指南》第二版
The death of a parent can cause long-lasting psychological damage. 父母亲有一方去世都会给子女造成长久的心理伤害。——摘自《朗文当代高级英语词典》第四版
There’s nothing worse than for a parent to ill-treat a child. 没有什么比父母虐待自己的小孩那样更糟糕。——摘自《朗文当代高级英语词典》第四版
■若同时指父亲和母亲,即指父母双亲,要用复数形式parents。如:
My parents both work in education. 我父母都从事教育工作。
Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 儿童的衣食靠父母。
The tired children trailed along behind their parents. 孩子们累了,没精打采地跟在父母后面。
■归纳:a parent 指父亲或母亲,parent 指父亲和母亲。注意其中的―或‖与―和‖。
beard可数吗
beard 主要指下巴和面颊下部的“胡须”,相当于汉语说的“络腮胡子”。比较:moustache 指嘴上的“胡须”;whiskers 指腮上的―胡须‖。
beard 通常用作可数名词,严格说来,应是可数的集合名词,它与不定冠词连用,指的是一个人的全部胡须,而不是指一根胡须;用复数形式,指的是不同人的胡须,而不是指多根胡须。如:
He has [wears, grows] a long beard. 他留有长胡须。
Not all men have beards. 不是所有的男人都留有胡子。
有时用作不可数名词,尤其见于?of beard之类的表达。如:
a fringe of beard on the chin 长在下巴的一圈胡须(www.yygrammar.com)
Graham came back from holiday with a week’s growth of beard on his chin. 格雷厄姆度假回来,下巴上留着长了一个星期的胡子。
习惯上后接to do sth和for [of] doing sth的名词
1. capacity 能力,才能
表示做某事的能力,capacity后可接 to do sth, for doing sth, of doing sth。如: Her capacity to remember facts is remarkable. 她的记忆力很惊人。
He has a great capacity for enjoying himself. 他很会想办法自得其乐。
The boy shows a great capacity to learn [of learning, for learning] languages. 这孩子显露出学习语言的卓越能力。
2. means 方式,方法,手段;财力,金钱
(1) 表示做某事的方法,means后通常接of doing sth。如:
We had no means of warning them. 我们没有办法警告他们。
There is no means of finding out what happened. 无法弄清发生了什么事情。 Can you devise a means of overcoming the problem? 你能想出法子来解决这个难题吗?
有时也可后接不定式,但不如后接of doing sth常见。如:
My English teacher provided me with the means to enjoy reading poetry. 我的英语老师告诉了我欣赏诗歌的方法。
另外,有时也可后接 for doing sth,也不如用of doing sth 常见。如:
It’s an effective means for finding qualified job applicants. 这是寻找合适求职者的有效方法。
篇三:可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词与不可数名词
一般来说,可数名词有单、复数之分。像表示人或事物的名词和集体名词等一般都是可数的。有时候,我们也可以在该词之前试着加一加基数词来进行判断。一般能用基数词数的名词,通常是可数名词,例如:
a boy/three boys/some boys ,a desk /40 desks /many desks,a film / some films ,a story/ two stories . people(复)人,人们\ police(总称)警务人员\ Chinese(单复同)中国人
物质名词或抽象名词一般都是不可数的。不可数名词没有单数和复数的区别,例如:
water 水 ice 冰 tea 茶 meat 肉 milk 牛奶 age 年龄 time 时间 help 帮助 luck 运气 work 工作
有少数物质名词也有复数形式,不过它们的含义则有所不同了,例如:
glass 不可数名词 玻璃 glasses 可数名词 眼镜/water 不可数名词 水 waters 可数名词 某个河流、湖泊的水 顺便说一下,有些物质名词本身也是可数名词,但其含义也有所不同了。例如:物质名词 可数名词
glass 玻璃 a glass 玻璃杯paper 纸张 a paper 报纸;论文wood 木头 a wood 树林gold 金子 a gold 金牌 可数与不可数名词的常用修饰语
一、修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有these, those, few, a few, many, a good[great] many, a great [good] number of 等: Few people would agree with this. 很少人会同意这种看法。He has a great many friends here. 他在这儿有很多朋友。
注:a good [great] many 后直接跟名词,不用介词of。但是,若其后所接名词有the, these, my 等限定词修饰,则要用介词of:a great many of my friends 我的朋友当中的许多人
二、修饰不可数名词的常用修饰语有this, that, little, a little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, a large amount of 等:
I have little time to do it. 我没什么时间来做此事。 He didn’t give me much money. 他没给我很多钱。
A great deal of money is spent on research. 研究工作上花了许多钱。 注:在现代英语中,a great amount of 后有时也接可数名词,但有许多语法学家反对,学生最好避免使用。
三、有些修饰语既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词,如all, some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a (large) quantity of 等:You needn’t hurry. There’s plenty of time. 你不必着急。时间多着哩。 There are plenty of men out of work. 失业的人很多。 We need a quantity of baskets. 我们需要一批篮子。He put a small quantity of sugar in the milk. 他在牛奶中放了少量的糖。
四、有些名词形式上是复数,但却被用作不可数名词,使用much, little等修饰语:
He hasn’t got much brains. 他没什么头脑。He took much pains to do the work. 他费了不少心做这工作。 I said I wouldn’t want much wages. 我说过我不要很多工资。
It's high time you were taught a little manners. 该是你学一点礼貌的时候了。
有关名词可数性的三个易错点
■根据汉语习惯将英语的物质名词误认为是可数名词。如汉语中的“面包”,一般认为是可数的,可以说“一个面包”、“两个面包”等,但英语中的bread却通常是不可数的,不能相应地用 a bread,two breads 表示以上意思。不过有趣的是,loaf 表示“面包”却是可数的,可说 a loaf, two loaves。 ■想当然地判断名词的可数性。如有的学生认为 news(消息)和 paper(纸)都不可数,于是便想当然地认为 newspaper(报纸)就一定不可数,但事实上,
newspaper 却是可数名词;又如有的同学认为 tear(眼泪)即“泪水”,并将其与 water(水)相联系,认为 tear 是不可数的,但事实上,tear 却是可数的。 ■受名词一词多义的影响。有的名词不只一个意思,且用于不同意思时,其可数性也有所不同。如aim表示“目的”时是可数名词,表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词;又如 experience 表示“经验”时不可数,表示“经历”时则可数;再如fortune,当它表示“运气”时,不可数(=luck),当它表示“命运”时,可数,当它表示“财产”时,不可数,但可与不定冠词连用。
抽象名词的可数性 抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的,因此它通常是不可数的。但是,有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词(可数),表示具有某种性质的人或事物。如:
help 帮助(不可数) → help 帮手(可数) shame 遗憾(不可数) → pity遗憾的事(可数) pleasure 快乐(不可数) → pleasure 乐事(可数) success 成功(不可数) → success 成功的人或事(可数) surprise惊奇(不可数) → surprise令人惊奇的事(可数) success 成功(不可数) → a success 成功的人或事(可数) (可数) pleasure 愉快(不可数) → a pleasure 令人愉快的人或事(可数) (可数) disappointment 失望(不可数) → disappointment 令人失望的人或事(可数) 物质名词可数吗
有些集合名词也是可数名词,但不同的是,它们以单数形式出现,表示复数概念,如people,police,family等;而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现,如clothes,glasses(眼镜)等;有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如Japanese,sheep,Chinese等。如:The Chinese people are hardworking and brave.中国人民勤劳勇敢。
The sports clothes are new.这些运动服是新的。 I have one sheep. He has two sheep.我有一只羊,他有三只羊 还有一部分名词单复数同形,如:fish鱼,deer鹿,sheep绵羊,works(工厂),means手段,Swiss瑞士人,Chinese中国人,news 新闻,goods 商品
有一些名词则只有复数形式:
trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤 glasses眼镜,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子 “某国人”的复数有三种类型:
(1)Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形,不需加s;
(2)Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men;
(3)其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians, Indians等。 可依照这个口诀记忆:中日不变,英法变,其他”s”加后面。
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an ,若要表示它的个体意义时,一般需要将其量化。
不可数名词如何量化:就是在不可数名词前面加上“数词+量词+of”,比如: a piece of bread( paper(纸), cloth(布), coal(煤), news(新闻), advice(意见), information(信息), , meat(肉) )
an item of information 一则情报 a slip of paper 一张纸条
最常见的不可数名词有:advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture(家具), hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage(行李), money, news, progress, traffic
其它不可数名词还有:absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world等。
可数名词不可数名词练习题
一、选择填空
9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth
10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room. A. teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers
11. In Britain _____ are all painted red. A. letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter box D.letters box
12.There are_____ birds in that big tree. A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of
二.选择填空:
1.The deer has four ______. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots
2.Her two brothers are both _____. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens
3.There are four ____ and two _____ in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans
4.Two ______ would come to the village. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors
5.Can you see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse
6.The _____ has two ______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch
7.The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths
8.The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men
9.There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss
10. The cat caught two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices
三、用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5. There are five________(people ) in his family. 6. Let's take________(photo), OK?
7. I have lots of________(tomato) here. 8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.
9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now. 10. Their________(dictionary) look new.
11. I see you have a few white________(hair). 12. They are________(woman) doctors.
13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please? 14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.
15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.
参考答案:二、B C C C A C C A C B 三、1. sheep 2. food 3. teeth 4. water 5. people 6. photos 7. tomatoes 8. leaves 9. children 10. dictionaries 11. hair, hairs 12. women 13. orange 14. foxes 15. juice
篇四:名词解析
高考英语考点典型陷阱题分析-名词 名词考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.
A. a, tear B. a piece of, tears
C. a, tears D. a piece of, tear
newspaper和 tear均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数,而且还可以连用数词。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。
The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。
A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。
顺便说一句,若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西,而只是把它当成一种“纸”来看待,也可用作不可数名词,如:
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
2. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist
C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter
3. “Why couldn’t they meet us at five o’clock?” “Because they were delayed by ________.”
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.
A. cattle is B. cattle are
C. cattles are D. the cattles are
cattle(牲畜,牛)为集合名词,尽管它不带复数词尾-s,却永远表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。又如:
For this many cattle were killed. 为此宰了不少牲畜。
The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。
类似地,police(警察),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法,即只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义;用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与 a(n) 连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如:
The poultry have been fed. 家禽已经喂过饲料了。
In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察通常不带枪。
It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘记道谢的时候,我就不痛快。
5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.
A. mean, mean B. means, means
C. means, mean D. mean, means
比较:
All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。
Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。
若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如:
Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?
6. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.
A. so kind a, friends B. so a kind, friends
C. so kind a, friend D. so a kind, friend
He is friends with me. 他与我是朋友。
He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。
7. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.
A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozens
C. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of
关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂,大致原则是:
(1) 当它与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例,但这已属过时用法,在考试中应避免,如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项:
Shortly after the accident,two _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen
(2) 当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时可将dozens of(许多,几十)视为习语。如:
I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况:
Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。
(3) 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时,加不加复数词尾-s均可,但需注意:不加复数词尾-s时,其后的介词of可以省略;加词尾-s时,其后介词 of不能省略。如: several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔
注:英语较少使用many dozen的说法,要表示类似意思可用dozens of。
(4) 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如:
two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋
three dozen of them 它们中的3打
注:score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。
8. She raised her finger to her lips as _____ for silence.
A. an idea B. a mark
C. a sign D. a word
sign与mark的区别是:sign 的意思是“迹象”、“征兆”gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或头等做出示意动作以传递信息或命令等),mark 的意思是 written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(书写与印刷的符号或图、线等记号)。
(1) Those black clouds are a sure _____ that it’s going to rain.
A. thing B. mark
C. sign D. one
(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a ______ of good harvest next year.
A. mark B. track
C. sign D. appearance
The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _____ of courage and power.
A. example B. sign
C. mark D. symbol
9. “May I take your order now?” “We’d like three black _______ and two green _______.”
A. coffee, cups of teas B. coffees, teas
C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas
coffee既可用作不可数名词,表示“咖啡”这种物质,也可用作可数名词,表示“一杯咖啡”,即在口语中 three coffees 就等于 three cups of coffee。同样,“三杯茶”既可说成 three cups of tea,也可说成 three teas;“三杯啤酒”既可说成 three glasses of beer,也可说成 three beers。
10. _____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. Walk B. Walking
C. The walk D. To walk
(1)不定式通常表示特定的动作,而动名词才表示习惯性的动作。
(2) 尽管walk用作名词时可以表示“散步”,但它是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的散步,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“散步”,要表示此义,要用动名词 walking。比较: How about going for a walk? 出去散散步如何?
Walking does good to your health. 散步对你的健康有益。
类似地,dance 和 dancing 以及 swim 和 swimming 的区别也是一样:
(1) 名词的 dance表示“跳舞”,是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的跳舞,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“跳舞”,要表示后者的意思,要用动名词转化来的名词 dancing。比较: Let’s have a dance. 我们跳曲舞吧。
He is interested in dancing. 他对跳舞感兴趣。
(2) 名词的 swim表示“游泳”,是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的游泳,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“游泳”,要表示后者的意思,要用动名词转化来的名词 swimming。比较: She had a swim every day. 她每天游一会儿泳。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Ten years had passed. I found she had _______.
A. a few white hairs B. a little white hair
C. some white hair D. more fifty hair
2.—Hi, this way, please.
—OK.I sometimes have no sense of ______ when I arrive at the crossroad.
A. position B. direction
C. situation D. condition
3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.
A. intention B. attempt
C. purpose D. desire
4. I didn’t have to work all weekend — I did it by _______.
A. chance B. choice
C. accident D. myself
5.Were you given a _____, or did you have to do it?
A. job B. duty
C. request D. choice
6.. “Did you get _____ to the party?” “Yes, I replied to it this morning.”
A. an answer B. an invitation
C. a question D. a letter
7. I paid him £50 for the painting, but its true ______ must be at least £500.
A. price B. money
C. value D. importance
8. His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any ______ of it.
A. explanation B. meaning
C. sense D. guess
9. What he told us about the situation simply doesn’t make any ______.
A. use B. reason
C. value D. sense
10. You’ve just missed your ______, and you will have to wait for the next round.
A. chance B. turn
C. time D. part
11. —Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well.
—It’s no ______ he always gets the first place in any examination.
A. question B. doubt
C. problem D. wonder
12. —How can I use this washing machine?
—Well, just refer to the _______.
A. explanations B. expressions
C. introductions D. directions
13. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.
A. rooms number B. room number
C. room’s numbers D. room numbers
14.The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.
A. shoes shop B. shoe shop C. shoes’s shop D. shoe’s
15. —Hello, I’d like to speak to Henry.
篇五:名词的可数性及其易错点
名词的可数性及其易错点
名词的可数性及其易错点
一、名词的可数性问题
名词根据其可数性,可分为可数名词和不可数名词。一般说来,个体名词和大部分集合名词是可数的;而专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词以及小部分集合名词则通常是不可数的。但是这种区分只是大致的,原则性的,并不是绝对的。英语中有些名词往往既可以是可数的也可以是不可数的:
A:Would you like a cake? 要吃块蛋糕吗?
B:No, I don’t like cake. 不吃,我不喜欢吃蛋糕。
以上第一句用 a cake,这是把 cake 视为一块一块的“蛋糕”,所以它是可数的;而第二句只用 cake,这是把它当作物质名词看待, 所以它成了不可数名词。
下面我们按照名词的不同类别,分别讨论其可数性问题。
①专有名词的可数性。在通常情况下,专有名词具有“独一无二”性,因此它通常没有复数形式,即不可数。但是,专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的,随着范围的扩大,这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内,只有一个星期六(Saturday), 一个星期日(Sunday)等,但是在一个月中甚至一年中,便有多个星期六,多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说:
We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。
又如,在一个小范围内,可能只有一个 Henry,但在一个较大的范围内则可能有多个 Henry, 因此我们有时会见到这样的句子:
There are five Henrys in our school. 我们学校有五个亨利。
另外,若专有名词转化成为普通名词,也可以是可数的:
Thousands of Lei Fengs have emerged in China. 中国涌现出了千千万万个雷锋。
②个体名词的可数性。个体名词表示的是人或物的个体,所以它总是可数的。
③物质名词的可数性。由于物质名词在通常情况下不能分为个体,所以它通常是不可数的。但是,在某些特殊情况下(如表示种类等),有些物质名词也可以连用不定冠词或用复数形式:
wine 酒(不可数) → a wine 一种酒(可数)
beer 啤酒(不可数) → two beers 两杯啤酒(可数)
glass玻璃(不可数) → some glasses 一些玻璃杯(可数)
④抽象名词的可数性。抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的,因此它通常是不可数的。但是,有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词(可数),表示具有某种性质的人或事物:
success 成功(不可数) → a success 成功的人或事(可数)
pleasure 愉快(不可数) → a pleasure 令人愉快的人或事(可数)
⑤集合名词的可数性。集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体,它本身通常是可数的,其复数形式表示多个集合体:
a family 一个家庭 → three families 三个家庭
a team 一个队 → two teams 两个队
a crowd 一群人 → crowds 多群人
二、名词可数性的几个易错点
①根据汉语习惯将英语的物质名词误认为是可数名词。如汉语中的“面包”,一般认为是可数的,可以说“一个面包”、“两个面包”等,但英语中的bread却通常是不可数的,不能相应地用 a bread,two breads 表示以上意思。不过有趣的是,loaf 表示“面包”却是可数的,可说 a loaf, two loaves。
②想当然地判断名词的可数性。如有的学生认为 news(消息)和 paper(纸)都不可数,于是便想当然地认为 newspaper(报纸)就一定不可数,但事实上,newspaper 却是可数名词;又如有的同学认为 tear(眼泪)即“泪水”,并将其与 water(水)相联系,认为 tear 是不可数的,但事实上,tear 却是可数的。
③受名词一词多义的影响。有的名词不只一个意思,且用于不同意思时,其可数性也有所不同。如aim表示“目的”时是可数名词,表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词;又如 experience 表示“经验”时不可数,表示“经历”时则可数;再如fortune,当它表示“运气”时,不可数(=luck),当它表示“命运”时,可数,当它表示“财产”时,不可数,但可与不定冠词连用。
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