plan,v,diary,e03

篇一：2013年湖南高考英语完型填空(Ⅱ)应试方法与技巧教师版

2013年湖南高考英语完型填空(Ⅱ)应试方法与技巧

一、题型解读

英语语言知识的第三节为完型填空(II)，本节侧重考查考生语感以及语言的衔接、连贯、结构等语言知

识运用的能力。分析此措辞，再比较完形填空第一节和第二节，可知：

1. 从考查的内容来看，第一节侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中运用,关键词是 “语义”；而第二节考查

功能语法，即侧重于考词汇在篇章中的交际功能, 关键词是 “衔接, 连贯”。

2. 从题型的形式看，第一节给定四个选项供考生选择，其中有一个正确选项；而第二节只给出空缺，

没有选项，要求考生根据语境和自己已有的语法与词汇知识来填空，这对考生的语言知识的提取和运用能

力提出了更高的要求。

3. 单词的拼写能力和词形变换能力也是一个很重要的考查方向。

二、命题特点

共8个小题，每题1.5分，满分12分。要求7分钟内完成。短文长度150~240词，设空平均间距17

词左右，考查语境，侧重运用。尽量避免名词和动词，答案不一定唯一。

三、能力要求

有篇章结构意识,在语境和语篇中理解句子内部结构,找出句与句、段与段之间的内容联系,把握细微区

别.具体体现在：

1. The ability of reading discourse 阅读/理解语篇的能力

2. Analysis of sentence structure 分析句子结构的能力

3. The ability to use grammar 熟练运用语法的能力

思考：

面对新完形填空如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎么入手呢？What’s the usual way you fulfill the task?

我们在做完形填空(二)时, 可以从词性、词形两方面入手。

一．根据句子结构，确定词性

e.g. (angry)

(1) He looked __________at the children.

(2) He looked _________at the news on the radio.

【答案】(1) angrily (2) angry

二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形

技巧1：词性

1）缺冠词 冠词考点：定冠词的基本用法，抽象名词具体化和固定搭配。

e.g. The college entrance examination is coming, my parents promise:

1) If I get high marks in the exam, I shall have ____ iphone as ____ prize.

2）They will give me ____ big surprise.

3) Of all the subjects, I like English best because it gives us _____ useful knowledge of it.

4) But my mood quickly changed when I saw ____first question.

【答案】1) an; a 2) a 3) a 4) the

2）缺代词 代词考点: 人称代词（主/宾）,（形容词/ 名词性）物主代词， 反身代词，替代词, it的用法等，

可在句中充当主宾，同位语等。

e.g. 1). Let’s start not to eat snake any more, because “to protect the snake is to protect_________”.

2). ___ is amazing that I won the first prize in the competition.

3). Get in the habit of remembering people’s names and using _____ often.

4). I want to find a house with a beautiful garden, but I still haven’t found ___ I like yet.

【答案】1）ourselves 2）It 3）them 4）one

3） 缺介词 介词考点：常用介词的基本用法及在语境中的活用；固定搭配。

e.g.1）_____ a lot of work to do, he left school very early.

2) In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute

___ our personal health?

3)This was around the time that I was getting to be larger ____ size than my father?

4) In short, I believe that it is ___ great use to keep a diary in English.

【答案】1）With 2）to 3）in 4）of

4） 缺形容词或副词 形容词副词考点：形容词作定语和表语；比较级和最高级。形容词修饰名词；副词

修饰adj./ v.或整个句子；

e.g.1)When we got there, to our disappointment, we found the situation was much ______ than expected.

2) I immediately felt _________ of my violent(暴力的) behavior.

3) Of the MP3 we bought, mine is the __________. It only cost me 100 yuan.

4) Animals and plants are disappearing many times faster ______ they have in the past 65 million years.

【答案】1）worse 2）ashamed 3）cheapest 4）than

5） 缺连词 连词考点1：最常用的引导词有：wh- 连接词及其他各大从句引导词(从属连词)

2：牢记特殊句式, 把握语境特征，利用关键词提示解题。

As far as … /As long as(只要) As is known to all/

As is (often) the case(像往常情况一样)

As everyone can see(正如大家所了解到的)

e.g. 1) See ______ your son has done.

2) I’ll never forget the days _____ I lived in the factory with the workers, ______ is a great help to my article.

3) After the war, a new school building was set up ______ there has once been a theatre.

4) _______ this is included in good education, the children will surely have a bright future.

5) I was ___ upset that I violently ripped (撕破) it from my chest!

6) It was only then ____ he realized his own mistake.

7) A nest is to a bird ______ a house to a man .

8) I was on the point of leaving _____ it rained.

9) _____ Hemingway puts it, “Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places. ”

【答案】1）what 2）when ; which 3）where 4）If 5) so 6）that 7）what 8）when 9）As

6） 缺连接词 连词考点3：要仔细把握句子逻辑关系，利用暗含信息 ,作出判断解题；此外还要注意连

接词组在语境中的呼应对称特征。

Some… others

Not only… but also…

Neither …nor… , either… or…

e.g. 1) He has an high IQ, _______, he failed in school

2) Human activity often changes or destroys the habitats that plants and animals need to survive.

human populations are growing so fast.

3) In some cases, competition for resources among animals led to extinction and in cases,

environmental changes caused extinction.

【答案】1）however 2）because /as/since 3）other

技巧二 词形

英语和汉语最大的不同在于英语有词形变化。词形变化主要涉及动词、代词、形容词、副词和名词。

当确定所填的词是名词时，就要考虑是可数还是不可数名词，是单数还是复数名词。

形容词有原级、比较级和最高级。如果是动词就要更加小心。首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，

主动还是被动，是现在分词还是过去分词，还是不定式。代词则要考虑是主格还是宾格。

e.g. 1. China is ______ than Japan in size.

2. One of the_______ gift choices I ever made was for my high

school English teacher, which made him very unhappy.

3. The little boy pulled ______ right hand out of the pocket…

【答案】1. bigger 2. worst 3. his

1. The ability of reading discourse 阅读/理解语篇的能力

1). Later , I seemed to hear faraway voices saying that my right ______ was broken. I almost burst into tears. How

would I ever play the piano again?

2). Many old people don’t have good________. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to the music.

3). Many Africans are very ______, so they can’t afford to buy much meat.

【答案】1)hand 2) eyesight 3) poor

2. Analysis of sentence structure 分析句子结构的能力

1). It was only then ____ he realized his own mistake.

2). He went to work early in the morning, _______ his son at home alone.

【答案】1) that 2) leaving

3. The ability to use grammar 熟练运用语法的能力

1). ________ amazed us most was that the little girl could play the piano so well.

2). In short, I believe that it is ____ great use to keep a dairy in English…

3). There once was a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed _____ goat and gave the donkey medicine made

from its heart.

【答案】1) What 2) of 3) the

【模拟试题演练】

When you take a walk in any of the cities in the West, you often see a lot of people walking dogs.

1. is still true that a dog is the 2. useful and faithful animal in the world, 3. ____

the reason why people keep a dog has changed. In the old days people used to train dogs to protect themselves

useful for protection but

willing to obey his master. But now people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks of animals.

important reason is 6. companionship. A dog is his best friend for 7.______ child when he has no

friends to play with. For young couples, a dog is their child when they have 8.______children. For old couples, a

dog is also their child when their real children have grown up.

【答案】1. It 2. most 3. but 4. only 5. why 6. for 7. a 8. no

【总结】解题四步走：1通读全文,理解大意 2分析句子,确定词性 3根据语义, 确定词形

4检查搭配, 前后连贯

四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个要填的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子

中或者上下文中找到它的依据

【即学即用】

1用恰当的介词填空:

2. How much time do you spend pronunciation every week?

the meeting when you see her.

7. Such exchange of visits will naturally lead better understanding and contribute peace.

8. I hope you could help me 9. I don’t object your doing it in your own way.

10. My view is quite similar yours.

manpower.

12. He was sitting there lost thought.

13. We are all very grateful you what you have done for us.

14. At that time we had little idea 15. Our cultural ties other nations will be further strengthened .

16. At an early age she already showed a talent music.

the reconstruction of the road.

18. I didn’t break the window purpose; I broke it accident.

19. Our teacher is always strict _____us _____ our homework.

20.Tom has been charged ______ robbery and is being questioned _____ the police now.

21. I owe it _____ my teacher that I passed the college entrance exam.

22. It is really a pity that the old man died _____ his works unfinished.

23. At this time of night, the streets are empty _____ traffic.

24. _____ the time you graduate from middle school, you will have learned 3000 English words.

25. _____ entering the tall building, he heard a sharp cry coming out of it, which brought his heart to his mouth.

26. Here is a task set for you and you should finish it _____ your own.

【答案】1. on 2. on 3. of 4. on 5. on 6. to 7. to, to 8. with 9. to 10. to 11. of 12.in 13. to,

for 14. of 15. with 16. for 17. for 18. on, by 19. with, in 20.with, by, 21.to 22 with 23. of 24.

By 25. on/upon 26.on

2选择下列适当的词或短语填空：

and, or, but, for, however, yet, therefore, nor, while, though, thus, both…and, either…or, neither…nor,

whether…or, as well as, and …as well, or rather not only…but also, rather than

1. Mr Jones is principal(校长)of the school,

2. He closed the window, turned off the light 3. Karl Marx was born in Germany, German was his native language.

4. Press the button the door opens by itself.

5. Mary is interested in music Jim is fond of sports.

6. They’ve finished half of it, that’s not bad.

7. The children can go with us, they can stay at home.

8. This is a hot-house green house.

9. Each case weighs one and a half tons 10. Make up your own mind, you’ll miss the chance.

11. He hasn’t arrived. He may, , come later.

12. The child was sick; he, , didn’t go to school.

very early this morning.

14. Although he was ill, he managed to look cheerful.

15. We must start early, we have a long way to go.

he is never conceited.

17. our country has plenty of oil, theirs has none.

19. We have failed. We have to take the consequences(结果).

20. Mrs Cox is kind gentle to her pupils.

21. She was compelled(被迫) to stay at home, she was forbidden to see her friends.

22. I remained silent, did he speak a single word.

will he do so.

24. mice were found in the house.

25. _______in school at home, she’s always cheerful.

26. You can you can ask someone else to do it.

27. Communists should set an example in study; at all times they should be pupils of the masses(群众) their teachers.

28. I’ve read a few of his plays,one of his novels .

29. going directly home, she had turned walking into the afternoon thickness.

30---- How is everything going on with you in Europe?

----Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped, _________.

【答案】 1. and 意义增补 2. and 动作先后 3. and 因果 4. and 条件结果 5. and 对比 6. And 评注

7. or 选择 8. or 同位或换个说法 9. or 大约或不确定情况 10. or 否定的条件 11. however 12.

therefore 13. Or rather 14. yet/still 15. for 16. but 17. While 18. though 19. Thus 20. both…and

21. not only…but…also 22. Nor 23. Neither…nor 24. or…nor 25. Whether…or 26. either…or 27. as

well as 28. and…as well 29. Rather than 30.though

3选用正确的连接词填空

that, who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, wherever, when, where, when,

why, how, if, whether

1． the driver could not control his car was obvious.

2. Is it any wonder electronic computers are sometimes called “thinking machines?

3. I particularly dislike about this transaction(交易) is

it is really dishonest.

4. He got up too late with the result he missed the morning train.

5．6. I don’t care she doesn’t come.

7. I can’t make up my mind should be asked to speak first.

8. My original question, he did it at all, has not been answered.

9. I wasn’t certain house I was in.

10. I haven’t decided of them I should take with to the party.

11. Eat one you like and leave the others for comes in late.

12. He’ll go asked to.

13. I remember you were a little girl.

14. He’ll give you you want.

15. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and ____ it is rough or smooth.

【答案】1. That 2. that 3. what that 4. that 5. How/ When/ Where 6. if 7. who 8. why

9. whose 10. which 11. whichever whoever 12. wherever 13. when 14. whatever 15.whether

4. 用正确的关系词填空

篇二：Linux学习笔记 之 100条命令

必会的100个

1) ls ls –l ls –a; ls –b;

ls –l 等价于ll

2) pwd : 显示当前路径 present working directory

3) cd (change directory)改变当前路径

cd ; cd - ;

4) mkdir:创建目录

mkdir –p dddd 创建目录;

-p 可以级联创建

5) rmdir:

说明： 删除空的目录。

删除非空目录： rm –fr 目录名

Rm –f :强制删除文件 rm –r :删除目录

参数： -p 是当子目录被删除后使它也成为空目录的话，则顺便一并删除。

6) ln: ln –s /sffff(绝对路径 有空格的话用引号“”);

连结又可分为两种 : 硬连结(hard link)与软连结(symbolic link)，硬连结的意思是一个档案可以有多个名称，而软连结的方式则是产生一个特殊的档案，该档案的内容是指向另一个档案的位置。硬连结是存在同一个档 案系统中，而软连结却可以跨越不同的档案系统。 ln source dist 是产生一个连结(dist)到 source，至于使用硬连结或软链结则由参数决定。 不论是硬连结或软链结都不会将原本的档案复制一份，只会占用非常少量的磁碟空间。

（1）软连接可以 跨文件系统 ，硬连接不可以 。实践的方法就是用共享文件把windows下的 aa.txt文本文档连接到linux下/root目录 下 bb,cc . ln -s aa.txt /root/bb 连接成功 。ln aa.txt /root/bb 失败 。

（2）关于 I节点的问题 。硬连接不管有多少个，都指向的是同一个I节点，会把 结点连接数增加 ，只要结点的连接数不是 0，文件就一直存在 ，不管你删除的是源文件还是 连接的文件 。只要有一个存在 ，文件就 存在 （其实也不分什么 源文件连接文件的 ，因为他们指向都是同一个 I节点）。 当你修改源文件或者连接文件任何一个的时候 ，其他的 文件都会做同步的修改 。软链接不直接使用i节点号作为文件指针,而是使用文件路径名作为指针。所以 删除连接文件 对源文件无影响，但是 删除 源文件，连接文件就会找不到要指向的文件 。软链接有自己的inode,并在磁盘上有一小片空间存放路径名.

（3）软连接可以对一个不存在的文件名进行连接 。

（4）软连接可以对目录进行连接。

备注：I节点 :它是UNIX内部用于描述文件特性的数据结构.我们通常称I节点为文件索引结点(信息结点).i节点 含有关于文件的大部分的重要信 息,包括文件数据块在磁盘上的地址.每一个I节点有它自己的标志号,我们称为文件顺序号.I节点包含的信息 1.文件类型 2.文件属主关系 3.文件的访问权限 4.文件的时间截.

7) touch: 创建文件

touch a.c touch a.txt

8) cat: 显示一个或多个文件内容

> 覆盖 >> 追加

会改变文件

9) vi：

10) cp: cp a b ;会提示要不要覆盖

b

11) mv

mv后原文件已被删除

12) grep: 利用正则表达式查找过滤

http://soft.zdnet.com.cn/software_zone/2007/1014/553088.shtml

篇三：全能五星英语词汇练习

2012年8月14日

knowledge 知识 black tea 红茶 brand 牌子 sausage 香肠 stomachache 胃疼 burden 负担 criminal 罪犯 dessert 甜点 photocopy 复印 nickname 小名

1、 It's a good chance for him to show his k________。(知识)

2. We call him Uncle sam as his n________(绰号，小名)

3. Because of the s_______, she can't drink ice tea in summer.

4. Gucci is her mother's favorite b_______(品牌)

5. Which would you prefer, green tea or b_______?(红茶)

6. Baker had given Sophie a p_________ of the letter at the outset of the meeting.(复印件)

7. A group of gunmen attacked a prison and set free nine c________ in Bufflo.(罪犯)

8.The cook stuffed the chicken with s_______ meat.(香肠)

9. She was glad to be relieved of this b_______(负担)

10. I'll have just a trifle of the d________(甜点)

2012

年8月15日词汇及练习

sweet water 淡水 statue 雕像 temperature 温度 tradition 传统 barbecue 烧烤 waist 腰 battery 电池 accident 车祸 actress 女演员 Asia 亚洲

1. The t_______ has stayed hot this week.(温度)

2. They still follow the t_______ of their fathers.(传统)

3. Most torches work on two b_______.(电池)

4. Want to join us for a b________?(烧烤)

5. He fell in love with an a______.(女演员)

6. China is a developing country in A____.(亚洲)

7. Doth a fountain send forth at the same place s_______ and bitter?(淡水)

8. The s_____ is carved out of stone.(雕像）

9. It's a nice skirt, but too big round the w____.(腰)

10. I saw the whole a_____ with my own eyes.(车祸)

2012年8月16日词汇及练习

murder 凶杀 musician音乐家

secret 秘密 bomb 炸弹

harbor 港湾 reply 回复

forhead 额头 busybody 好管闲事的人

champion 冠军 reality 现实

1. I will reveal your s______ in no case.(秘密)

2.The b______ was exploded by remote control.(炸弹)

3. The ship steamed into the h_____. (港湾)

4. I have had no r_____ from her so far.(回复)

5.I stop for a moment, weeping sweat form my f_______.(额头)

6. I don't want to be a b______.(爱管闲事的人)

7.M_____ and stealing are criminal acts.(凶杀)

8.He was a practiced m______.(音乐家)

9.The c______ is leading by eighteen seconds.(冠军)

10.I felt a certain indisposition to face r_____.(现实)

journalist 记者 ballet 芭蕾

busboy 餐馆工 idiom 谚语

green hand 新手 souvenir 纪念品

cuttlefish 乌贼 submarine 潜艇

progress 进步 tent 帐篷

1.His wife is a b_____ dancer.(芭蕾)

2.They set up a t_____ near the seashore.(帐篷)

3.A s______ glided silently through the water.(潜艇)

4.Dried c_____ is a tasty snack.(乌贼)

5.Don't blame on him, after all, he is a g______.(新手)

6.He has made rapid p_____ in his studies.(进步)

7.The b_____ broke so many dishes while clearing tables that he was fired.(餐馆工)

8.This j______ works are popular among young people.(记者的)

9.Please accept this as a s______ for our friendship.(纪念品)

10.It's not easy to get the meaning of every i_____.(谚语)

expert 专家 club 俱乐部

mist 薄雾 excuse 借口

robbery 抢劫 conversation 对话

victim 牺牲者 inspector 警官

detective 侦探 necklace 项链

1.Everything is covered in m______.(薄雾)

2.His e______ for being late was that he had missed the train.(借口)

3.He described the r______ in detail to us.(抢劫)

4.Did you have a c______ with him?(对话)

5.He is the v_____ of the injustice.(牺牲者)

6.The i______ will visit our school next week.(警官)

7.Are you interested in d______ story?(侦探)

8.She lost her n_____ at the party.(项链)

9.He is a famous e_____ in finance.(专家)

10.Tom is an active member of the school's stamp c_____.(俱乐部)

篇四：E-Run_高一英语(必修一)第一单元第一课时_Unit_1_Friendship_教学设计学案 - 副本

高一英语（必修一)第一单元第一课时 Unit 1 Friendship 教学设计

Unit 1 Friendship

Teaching goals:

*语言知识 1. to talk about friends and friendship, and interpersonal relationship

2. to practise expressing attitudes, agreement and disagreement, and certainty

3. to master some sentences about giving advice

4. to learn to use the Direct Speech and Indirect Speech(1): statements and questions

5. to learn about communication skills

*语言技能和学习策略

1. to develop listening skills by doing exercises in listening task

2. to develop speaking skills by finishing the speaking task and other activities like discussion and

oral practice

3. to develop reading skills through the reading materials in this unit

4. to learn to write a letter of advice

*文化意识

1. to know about friend and the real meaning of friend

2. to learn how to get along with others

英澜 —— 离世界更近一步

One Step Closer to the World.

地址： 厦门市思明区云顶中路嘉盛豪园E组团455#—465#

全国服务热线: 4008-592-818

*情感态度 1. to arouse the interest in learning English

2. to learn to express their feeling of friends and friendship

Teaching key points: 1. how to improve students’ speaking and cooperating abilities 2. learn to use the Direct Speech and Indirect Speech(1):statements and questions

3. master some words and expressions

Teaching difficult points:

1. train the students’ speaking, listening, reading and writing abilities

2. how to improve students’ cooperating abilities Teaching methods:

Student-focus approach and task-based approach

Learning methods:

Cooperative study

Teaching aids:

Computer

The First Period (Warming up &Speaking)

英澜 —— 离世界更近一步

One Step Closer to the World.

地址： 厦门市思明区云顶中路嘉盛豪园E组团455#—465#

全国服务热线: 4008-592-818

Teaching aims: 1. to know about different kinds of friendship 2. to learn some words of describing friend and friendship

3. to master some useful words and expressions

Teaching methods:

1. discussing

2. cooperative learning

Teaching materials: Warming up

Teaching procedures:

Step One: Leading-in

1. Free talk: Something about friend and friendship Ask the Ss to describe one of their friends----their appearance, personality, hobbies, etc.

Qs: What’s your friend like?

What does he/she like to do in his/her spare time? What personality does he/she have?

Step Two: Discussion

1. Writing the following statement on the blackboard

We all agree that to have a good friend , you need to be a good friend.

1. Ask the Ss:

英澜 —— 离世界更近一步

One Step Closer to the World.

地址： 厦门市思明区云顶中路嘉盛豪园E组团455#—465#

全国服务热线: 4008-592-818

What do you think of this statement and how can you be a good friend?

Let the Ss express their views

3. Have the Ss get into groups of four to list some qualities of a person they would like as a friend. Ss may list: honest, friendly, open-minded, generous, helpful, patient, good-tempered,

trustworthy, careful, full of love, caring, responsible, interesting, brave, easygoing, outgoing,

warm-hearted, kind, selfness, tolerant, intelligent…

4. Have a member of each group report on what their lists have and list them on the blackboard

5. Ask the class whether or not they agree with all the qualities listed

Step Three: Doing the survey and explanation

1. Have the Ss do the survey in the textbook and let them work out their score.

2. Teacher explain each item Question 1 deal with how thoughtful you are towards others. The scoring reflects your concern for others. So one point for A gets the lowest score because it is the most selfish response. B get the highest score because it show a concern for your friend as well as your wish to go to see a film. C gets a slightly lower score because although it shows you want to go with your friend ( because you change the plan), you do not help your friend.

Question 2 is concerned with fairness. A gets the lowest score because you are not giving your friend another chance to behave better this time. B gets a higher score because you let your friend borrow the camera again. This shows kindness and forgiveness or the trouble you had when it was returned broken. But you are not balancing his heeds against your own. That is why C gets the highest score. You are showing your friend that you will trust him/her with the camera again but this time you are giving him / her rules in case it gets broken.

英澜 —— 离世界更近一步

One Step Closer to the World.

地址： 厦门市思明区云顶中路嘉盛豪园E组团455#—465#

全国服务热线: 4008-592-818

Question 3 deals with your concern for others. A get the lowest score because you would put anything else that needed to be done aside and concentrate only on your friend. This is not responsible. You have things that you need to do. Of course your friend is important but not more important than you responsibilities. B gets a higher score because it shows (转 载于:wWw.SmHaIDA.cOM 海达 范文 网:plan,v,diary,e03)some concern for your friend and some understanding that you have important things to do too. But it does not show any real interest in his / her problem. C get the highest score because it not only shows concern for your friend but a recognition that you have responsibilities too.

Question 4 is concerned with responsibilities to a friend. A provides the correct amount of

responsibility to your friend. You recognize that it was your fault and will put it right and pay for the damage. So it gets the highest score. B provides some understanding that you are responsible. You put the situation right but you do not pay for the damage yourself. So it does not get the highest

score. C gets the lowest score because you expect your friend to pay for your mistakes even though you were doing your friend a favour.

Question 5 is concerned with honesty. If you let your friend look at your paper or somebody else’s paper, you are helping them to cheat. That is not honest, so answers A and C get no marks. But it takes courage to tell your friend that they should have studied and that they cannot look at your paper. That is also the honest answer. So you get 6 points for B, which is more than any other in the quiz. Step Four: Language points

Teacher explain language points with some slides

1. add v.

1) to put together with something else so as to increase the number, size, importance, etc. 增加， 添加

eg. Please add something to what I’ve said, John.

英澜 —— 离世界更近一步

One Step Closer to the World.

地址： 厦门市思明区云顶中路嘉盛豪园E组团455#—465#

全国服务热线: 4008-592-818

篇五：行政管理英语

A

Action learning：行动学习

Alternation ranking method：交替排序法

Annual bonus：年终分红

Application forms：工作申请表

Appraisal interview：评价面试

Aptitudes：资质

Arbitration：仲裁

Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划

Authority：职权

B

Behavior modeling：行为模拟

Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法

Benchmark job：基准职位

Benefits：福利

Bias：个人偏见

Boycott：联合抵制

Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序

Burnout：耗竭

C

Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误

Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案

Career anchors：职业锚

Career cycle：职业周期

Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展

Case study method：案例研究方法

Central tendency：居中趋势

Citations：传讯

Civil Rights Act：民权法

Classes：类

Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法

Collective bargaining：集体谈判

Comparable worth：可比价值

Compensable factor：报酬因素

Computerized forecast：计算机化预测

Content validity：内容效度

Criterion validity：效标效度

Critical incident method：关键事件法

D

Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯─佩根法案

Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判

Decline stage：下降阶段

Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享计划

Defined benefit：固定福利

Defined contribution：固定缴款

Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法

Discipline：纪律

Dismissal：解雇；开除

Downsizing：精简

E

Early retirement window：提前退休窗口

Economic strike：经济罢工

Edgar Schein：艾德加?施恩

Employee compensation：职员报酬

Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导

Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案 Employee services benefits：雇员服务福利

Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) ：雇员持股计划

Equal Pay Act：公平工资法

Establishment stage：确立阶段

Exit interviews：离职面谈

Expectancy chart：期望图表

Experimentation：实验

Exploration stage：探索阶段

F

Fact-finder：调查

Fair day"s work：公平日工作

Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案

Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划

Flex place：弹性工作地点

Flextime：弹性工作时间

Forced distribution method：强制分布法

Four-day workweek：每周4天工作制

Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克?泰罗

Functional control：职能控制

Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法

G

General economic conditions：一般经济状况

Golden offerings：高龄给付

Good faith bargaining：真诚的谈判

Grade description：等级说明书

Grades：等级

Graphic rating scale：图尺度评价法

Grid training：方格训练

Grievance：抱怨

Grievance procedure：抱怨程序

Group life insurance：团体人寿保险

Group pension plan：团体退休金计划

Growth stage：成长阶段

Guarantee corporation：担保公司

Guaranteed fair treatment：有保证的公平对待

Guaranteed piecework plan：有保障的计件工资制 Gain sharing：收益分享

H

Halo effect：晕轮效应

Health maintenance organization (HMO) ：健康维持组织 I

Illegal bargaining：非法谈判项目

Impasse：僵持

Implied authority：隐含职权

Incentive plan：激励计划

Individual retirement account (IRA) ：个人退休账户 In-house development center：企业内部开发中心 Insubordination：不服从

Insurance benefits：保险福利

Interviews：谈话；面谈

J

Job analysis：工作分析

Job description：工作描述

Job evaluation：职位评价

Job instruction training (JIT) ：工作指导培训

Job posting：工作公告

Job rotation：工作轮换

Job sharing：工作分组

Job specifications：工作说明书

John Holland：约翰?霍兰德

Junior board：初级董事会

L

Layoff：临时解雇

Leader attach training：领导者匹配训练

Lifetime employment without guarantees：无保证终身解雇 Line manager：直线管理者

Local market conditions：地方劳动力市场

Lockout：闭厂

M

Maintenance stage：维持阶段

Management assessment center：管理评价中心

Management by objectives (MBO) ：目标管理法

Management game：管理竞赛

Management grid：管理方格训练

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