英语翻译Basically.brakes are devices for controlling the flow of motion in machines,and in this respect they resemble clutches; clutches start the flow while brakes arrest it.Before the engagement of a clutch or a brake,one of the two members in

英语翻译Basically.brakes are devices for controlling the flow of motion in machines,and in this respect they resemble clutches; clutches start the flow while brakes arrest it.Before the engagement of a clutch or a brake,one of the two members in
英语翻译
Basically.brakes are devices for controlling the flow of motion in machines,and in this respect they resemble clutches; clutches start the flow while brakes arrest it.Before the engagement of a clutch or a brake,one of the two members in the device is moving while the other is stationary) after the engagement of a clutch both members are moving at the same speed.while after the application of a brake the moving member is either slowed down or stationary.In both cases the desired effects are produced by devices that are so alike,structurally,that they can sometimes serve in either capacity.
In arresting the motion of bodies,brakes must be capable of absorbing kinetic energy.Even when acting on translating bodies (like automobiles) most brakes are designed to act on rotating mechanical elements and to absorb energy either mechanically,hydraulically,or electrically.Mechanical brakes are the most common; they dissipate kinetic energy in the form of heat generated by mechanical friction between a rotating metallic element and a non-rotating friction element,when they are brought into contact by either mechanical,hydraulic ,pneumatic,or electrical means.The material in the friction element may be organic,metallic,or ceramic.Organic materials with an asbestos bases are satisfactory for the majority of applications.When service requirements are severe,however,the heat generted may cause "fading" (a drop in braking effectiveness caused by a reduction in the coefficient of friction).In such cases sintered metallic linings are prefered because of their high thermal conductivity and freedom from fading.By adding ceramic particles to sintered metallic linings,extremely hard and fade-resistant linings can be produced.
The rotating element in a mechanical brake is either a drum,a disk,or a series of disks.The nonrotating friction element in a drum brake may be either a band or a pair of shoes (blocks) that contract around the outside of the drum or a pair of shoes that expand against the inside of the drum.A disk brake may be similar to a plate clutch,with alternate rotating metallic and nonrotating friction elements,or it may be of the caliper type,with a single rotating disk and two opposed friction pads that squeeze the disk between them in a pinching action.

英语翻译Basically.brakes are devices for controlling the flow of motion in machines,and in this respect they resemble clutches; clutches start the flow while brakes arrest it.Before the engagement of a clutch or a brake,one of the two members in
刹车装置主要用于机械制动,类似于离合器,离合器使机器启动,而刹车使机器停止,在离合器或刹车装置啮合前,一片是转动的（动片）,而另一片是不转的（静片）,当两片接触到一起后,它们就以相同的速度一起转动,而刹车装置的两片接触后动片和静片一起降速直到静止,这两种装置在结构上和产生的效果上都很相似,有时候可以互补,在使用刹车装置时,它必须能够吸收动能,汽车等运输工具上的刹车装置大多设计成旋转的机械装置,能够吸收机械的,液压的和电动能量,机械结构的刹车最为普遍,它们把旋转的金属刹车鼓和静止的刹车片接触（接触可由机械的,液压的,气动的或电动方式驱动）产生的机械摩擦产生的热量驱散,定片的材料分有机材料,金属材料,或陶瓷材料,大部分都是用石棉基料和有机材料混合,但是刹车产生的热能够使摩擦系数降低,使刹车效果降低,这种情况下,熔结的金属刹车带（可能就是加紫铜丝的刹车带）就效果更好了,因为它们的导热性能好,不会烧毁,再加入陶瓷粒子生产出来的刹车带质地特别坚硬,抗烧毁能力特强, 机械式刹车装置的转动部分有鼓形的,盘形的和多盘的,刹车鼓内的刹车片有环形条状的抱在鼓外面,或两筷的（鞋型的）挤压鼓的内圈,盘形刹车和盘形离合器相似,有动片和静片的,或卡块的,一个盘和两个卡块的,靠卡块挤压盘来刹车,