water,crisis,作文

篇一：water crisis

Water Crisis

At the recent G8 summit in Evian, France, delegates met to discuss, among other issues, how

to provide safe drinking water to the 1.5 billion of the world's citizens who live without it. Everyone within the summit gates enjoyed the free and plentiful bottled mineral water. "It's obscene," says one journalist who attended the conference, held near the source of one of the world's most famous bottled water brands. "How can they not see that holding the summit in this place and talking about water in Africa is tasteless. It's beyond comprehension."

In fact, although many people might agree philosophically with Mikhail Gorbachev when he

said, "Clean water is a universal human right," the world is sharply divided in terms of access to safe hydration. Those who can afford it are guzzling (狂饮) ever-increasing numbers of designed water bottles, while half the world's population lacks basic sanitation facilities, according to the A child dies every eight seconds from a preventable water-borne disease.

Only one-hundredth of one percent of the blue planet's water is readily accessible for human

use. The World Resources Institute (WRI) estimates that 2.3 billion people currently live in "water-stressed areas." Hydrologists cite much of Africa, northern China, pockets of India, Mexico, the Middle East and parts of western North America as regions facing severe water shortages. Some of the world's largest cities, including Mexico City, Bangkok and Jakarta, have severely over-pumped their groundwater aquifers.

As world population continues to increase, water scarcity will affect two out of every three

people by 2025, according to UN estimates. In the 20th century, demand for fresh water grew twice as fast as population. This imbalance is largely due to industrial agriculture, but is also a product of unequal development in standards of living versus sound water management.

Additionally, scientists at Harvard University point out that global warming could

significantly harm water availability. A warmer atmosphere could lead to higher rates of evaporation, causing droughts and more severe weather. Faster runoff rates and slower infiltration of groundwater could follow. Warmer water may also promote detrimental algal and microbial blooms, which may lead to more water-borne illnesses. And ironically, as the climate heats up, people will want to use more water for drinking, bathing and watering plants.

"The next world war will be over water," says Vice President Ismail Serageldin of the World

Bank. Even now, some competition is beginning to build between (and within) nations over finite water resources. Egypt has watched warily as Ethiopia has built hundreds of dams on the Nile. Syria and Iraq have squabbled over water projects with Turkey, and some of Israel's many conflicts with Jordan and the Palestinians have been over water issues. Botswana raised a public outcry after Namibia announced emergency drought plans to divert water from the Okavango River.

Certain regions of the United States, including the Colorado and Rio Grande River Basins,

also suffer ominous shortages. Much of the West's integral agriculture, livestock and recreation industries have been seriously threatened by water scarcity, and the region has endured catastrophic wildfire seasons. At the same time, sprawling development is threatening critical watershed(水域) areas throughout the world. Elizabeth Ainsley Campbell, executive director of the Nashua River Watershed Association, warns, "Unless we become more proactive(提前行动的) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

45

50 55 in planning for growth and setting aside open space, our drinking water will be increasingly vulnerable to pollution from fertilizers, insecticides, fuel byproducts and other chemicals associated with commercial and residential development." Initial remediation of the 300,000 contaminated groundwater sites in the U.S. will cost up to $1 trillion over the next 30 years, according to the National Research Council. says Carmen Revenga of the WRI. "Many biologically rich watersheds – particularly in Southeast Asia and China – also have high population densities, high levels of modified and irrigated land, and high rates of deforestation, especially in tropical areas," she says. In the U.S., 37 percent of freshwater fish are at risk of extinction, 51 percent of crayfish and 40

percent of amphibians are endangered or vulnerable, and 67 percent of freshwater mussels are extinct or vulnerable to extinction.

Fleecing the Third World

In much of the Third World, municipal water systems often serve only cities or primarily

upper- and middle-class residents who typically pay very low fees for use, while recurrent revenue problems inhibit increases or upgrades in service. As a result, as Christian Aid journalist Andrew Pendleton puts it, "The only water that is available to many poor people free of charge lies in dirty pools and contains killer diseases such as cholera(霍乱)." Pendleton continues, "If poor parents want to ensure their children will not die as a result of diarrhea(腹泻), they must pay through the nose for water from private vendors or tankers."

Some people in developing countries are increasingly turning to bottled water to meet their

daily needs, a red flag for some critics. World consumption of bottled water is growing at seven percent a year, with the largest increases in the Asia Pacific region. U.S. News & World Report recently concluded, "The drive toward bottled water and filters will, however, widen the gap between the haves and have-nots." For one thing, as Pendleton points out, poor people in need may be charged more per gallon of clean water than those in developed nations. Many families in Ghana spend 10 to 20 percent of their income on water.

Also, since many countries lack the equipment to recycle used water bottles, the containers

end up further polluting the local water sources. In Nepal, for example, water bottles tossed aside by trekkers have caused a serious litter problem, since the government can't afford to cart them out of remote areas.

Many activists have also protested aggressive bottling operations in the developing world. In

Brazil, Nestle offers Latin Americans a brand of bottled water called Nestle Pure Life. But as Paul Constance of the Inter-American Development Bank points out, "Though it looks much like the bottled mineral water long offered in restaurants and upscale supermarkets, Pure Life is different. It is drawn from local water sources, has an aggressively low price, and is marketed specifically 'to meet the needs of people who have daily difficulty in access to quality water.'" One Pure Life bottling plant was established on a popular and ecologically sensitive mineral spring, prompting fierce opposition.

In Haiti's capital, Port-au-Prince, only 10 percent of homes have tap water, even though the

local groundwater reserves are thought to host enough capacity for every resident. The public 60 65 70 75 80 85

90 water system struggles from serious disrepair and a chronic lack of funding. Recently, some entrepreneurs began drawing water from a network of private wells and trucking it to tank owners, who then sell the precious liquid to families at a huge profit. Constance says it is not uncommon for "legal or illegal private providers to make handsome profits by trucking or carting water into

the poorest neighborhoods." Many people have to carry water bottles great distances.

Clearly, the world is approaching a water crisis. Watersheds and municipal systems must be secured from rising threats. And some wonder if bottled water quenches (抑制) human greed far better than human thirst.

Questions:

1. Some people don’t think it’s the right time to consider universal access to safe water.

2. WRI estimated about 60% of the world population are currently faced with water problem.

3. The fast expansion of population is the leading cause of water shortage.

4. Global warming results in a higher demand for water as well as a decrease of water supply.

5. The writer believes there will soon be conflicts between countries in competing for water.

6. Water shortage is a serious threat not only to human life but also to natural ecosystems.

7. Bottled water consumption in developing countries has met strong oppositions.

8. The decrease and saltwater invasion of groundwater is attributed to___________________________

__________________________.

9. There is worry about bottled water consumption in developing countries since it may result in

_________________________________________________________.

10. In many countries, bottled water consumption further pollutes the local water sources because

______________________________________________.

Keys for reference:

1. Y

2. N

3. NG

4. Y

5. N

6. Y

7. Y

8. over-pumping and rising sea levels

9. a wider gap between the rich and poor

10. they lack equipment to recycle used containers

篇二：英语作文世界水日

The World Water Day

世界水日

When it comes to the protection of water, People may know about the

importance of doing it, but few people know about that March 22 is the world water day. The world water day aims to call up people’s attention to protect the fresh water and enhance the people’s awareness of water crisis. In China, the government stipulates that the last week of March is the Chinese water week. The main theme of this year is water and energy.

当提到保护水资源时，人们都知道其重要性，但是只有少数人知道每年的3月22日是世界水日。世界水日旨在号召人们保护水资源和让人们意识到水资源的紧缺的危机。在中国，政府规定3月的最后一周为“中国水周”。今年世界水日的主题是“水与能源”。

Due to water, the living being can exist on earth. Water sustains human life and the environment. But with the rapid development of human society, the fresh water can hardly meet the needs of people in some areas. According to the least data, more than one billion people can not have clean fresh water. What’s worse, the surface and groundwater pollution is increasing rapidly. The main reason of water shortage is the rapid growth of population. People use different ways to get water, the water sources are being stretched to their limits. Another reason is that some factories pour dirty water into the rivers or lakes and make pollution. Thus there is less pure fresh water on the earth.

因为水，世界上的生物才得以生存。水维持了人类的生命和所生存的环境。但是随着人类社会的快速发展，淡水已经很难满足人们的需求了。根据最新的调查显示：超过10亿人喝不

到干净的水。更加糟糕的是，地表和地下水污染也日趋严重。缺水的主要原因是人口的快速增长。人们用不同的方式去开采水资源，使其接近匮乏的边缘。其他原因是一些工厂直接把污水排放到河流和湖泊里面，导致了淡水被污染。因此，地球上的水资源越来越少。 It needs international cooperation and worldwide awareness to solve the problems of water shortage. Every ordinary people should realize the

importance of water protection and save water. The government should take some effective measures to protect the water. Such as build more systems to clean-up the water, and collect the rainwater. Only in these ways, we can sustain our life.

解决水资源短缺的问题需要全球的合作和提高人们的环保意识。让每个普通人明白了解到保护水的重要性。政府理应采取有力措施来保护水资源。例如建造更多的净化水系统，收集雨水等等。只有这样，我们才能生存下去。

篇三：写作

Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

You are to write an essay on the topic "Means of Communication". You should base your essay on the outline below:

a)语言交流(面对面、电话、网络语音聊天)的优势

The advantages of verbal communication (face-to-face, telephone, Internet voice chat) b)书信、邮件交流的优势The advantages of letters, e-mail exchanges

c)你更倾向于哪种交流方式，原因是什么You prefer to type of communication, what is the reason

Means of Communication

通信方式分为语言交流和书信交流，邮件交流。

语言交流的优势是便捷。例如面对面沟通，电话沟通，网络语音聊天等

书信交流和邮件交流的优势是明确。

我更倾向于语言交流，因为便捷。一般和熟悉的朋友沟通用电话就可以了，但和陌生人沟通就必须用邮件或书信。

Divided into communication-verbal communication and exchange of letters, e-mail exchanges. The advantages of verbal communication is convenient. Such as face-to-face communication, telephone communication, Internet voice chat, etc.

Exchanged letters and e-mail exchanges advantage is clear.

I prefer verbal communication, because they are convenient. The general and familiar friends can communicate with the phone, but you must mail or letters to communicate with strangers.

Nowadays water crisis has become a problem worldwide. People cannot have adequate clean drinking water. Write an essay on the topic "How to Deal with Water Crisis". You should base your essay on the outline below.

1.水资源危机是一个世界性问题，多年来全世界各部门以及各国政府做出了许多努力，解决水危机问题。The water crisis is a global problem around the world and governments over the years have made many efforts to solve the water crisis.

2.同时水源浪费现象很严重。Water waste is rampant

3.你认为有效的节水措施该有哪些？Do you think that the effective water-saving measures the what?

How to Deal with Water Crisis

1.水资源危机是一个世界性问题，多年来全世界各部门以及各国政府做出了许多努力，解决水危机问题。

2.同时水源浪费现象很严重。

3.你认为有效的节水措施该有哪些？

缩短洗澡时间有效节水。洗完衣服的水再用来冲厕减少用水

1.水资源污染的主要原因；Major cause of pollution of water resources

2.水资源污染带来的危害；The harm of water pollution

3.如何解决水资源污染的问题。How to solve the problem of pollution of water resources

1.正确择业的重要性The importance of correct career

2.选择职业应注意的问题Select employment should be noted that

3.你对选择职业的看法Your choice of occupation views

1.城市交通中存在的问题。Problems in city traffic.

2.分析问题的原因。Analysis of the cause of the problem.

3.提出解决问题的办法。Proposed solution to the problem.

1．大学生心理健康状况。Students' Mental Health

2．产生心理问题的原因。The cause of psychological problems.

3．你有哪些看法。What you think.

1．计算机在工作中的表现。The performance of the computer at work.

2．计算机是否将取代人类。The computer will replace humans.

3．你的理由My opinion

1.因特网带来的益处Internet benefits

2.因特网带来的弊端The Internet evils

3.因特网对我的影响Internet influence on me

a)描述你现在住所的状况Describe your residence status

b)你梦想的住所是什么样子Your dream home what it was like

c)在你的梦想住所都可以做哪些活动Which activities can be done in your dream residence

a)当今社会的主要娱乐形式有哪些What are the main form of entertainment in today's society b)娱乐在生活中的作用是什么What is the role of entertainment in life

c)你怎样看待娱乐活动What do you think recreational activities

篇四：雅思考试作文：水资源问题

雅思考试作文：水资源问题

八月第一场雅思考试考到资源类，关于资源缺乏的题目大家还是否记得，今天雅思小编为大家找来这类题目，与周末雅思考试题目十分相近，备考雅思同学来看看吧。

题目：淡水短缺的原因和建议措施

People around the world are confronted with serious shortage of freshwater. What are the reasons ? How to solve the problem?

分析:

这是原因分析的题目, 要求考生能够从不同的侧面分析一个现象或者事件发生的原因或者诱发因素. 考生答卷第一段应该陈述命题的问题,中间主体锻炼需要包含至少两个方面, 一般三个方面的因素分析. 这要求考生陈述原因时候, 段落的层次安排符合逻辑思维习惯. 原因分析题目是英语写作考试的大题型之一. 考生平素需要训练自己观察和分析的能力. 那些希望背诵一篇范文就上考场的被动性学习方法绝对不能解决问题.因此考生应该养成良好的探索问题原因的习惯, 这个才是学习和测试的主要目的, 也是真正的应试方法. Tuning to the BBC or CNN, one is besieged by (news about) formidabledisasters, diseases, conflicts, and controversies. But none is more challengingthan the shortage of fresh water, a source which has long been mistakenlyassumed to be inexhaustible. Unfortunately, few people realize the impending(急迫的)potential catastrophe (灾

难)arising from the insufficient fresh water.Governments must be blamed if they have not informed people the importance offresh water.

Fresh water has been closed associated with life, not only the life ofhuman beings, but also the life of all kinds of plants and animals. Lackingfresh water, the earth will become ill. Nevertheless, human beings areconfronted with the crisis of insufficient fresh water.

The shortage of fresh water can be attributed to the lower efficiency inwater utilization. The irrigation in many countries wastes overwhelmingly. Somedeveloping countries still use the primitive irrigation system, which isbelieved to waste at least 70% fresh water. Life water utilization also shows strikingly lower efficiency. Manycitizens have no concept of saving water. In most cities in China, fresh wateris used to flush lavatories. Moreover, most citizens use wash-machine, whichconsumes a larger volume of fresh water. Besides, fresh water has been polluted by agriculture and industryactivities.

Aquatic(水)ecosystem has largely been ruined by unrestricted drainage(排水)of sewages (污水). In metropolis (big cities大都市), the hospitals andlaboratories are also the serious sources of water pollution.

Governments are expected to launch campaigns against water pollution.Individuals, households, and the states all should use their unique ways to savethe limited resources.

篇五：2013年四月大学英语A级统考作文整理

1、Nowadays water crisis has become a problem worldwide. People cannot have adequate clean drinking water. Write an essay on the topic "How to Deal with Water Crisis". You should base your essay on the outline below.1.水资源危机是一个世界性问题，多年来全世界各部门以及各国政府做出了许多努力，解决水危机问题。2.同时水源浪费现象很严重。3.你认为有效的节水措施该有哪些？

People can’t imagine life without water. Without it, the earth we live on would be a dead one. However, nowadays water crisis has become a problem worldwide. People cannot have adequate clean drinking water. Although nearly three quarters of the earth’s surface is covered with water, it is sea water and undrinkable. The demand for water is increasing, while water resources are scarce. Agricultural production needs enormous amounts of water, so does industry. Besides, the rapid growth of population makes it more and more difficult for people to survive because of the water shortage. So water shortage has become one of the most serious problems. Fortunately, people have realized this pressing problem and are trying to find ways to salve it. First, people are urged to economize on water. Second, measures are taken to protect water resources. Third,

circulating water is used for industrial purposes over and over in factories and treated sewage water is used for irrigation in farming land.

2、Water, a vital part of natural resources for human being, is getting more and more heavily polluted with the development of economy. Write an essay on the topic "What Can We Do with the Water Pollution? ". You should base your essay on the outline below.

1.水资源污染的主要原因；

2.水资源污染带来的危害；

3.如何解决水资源污染的问题。

Everyone agrees that water pollution is a serious problem today. Rivers, lakes and even oceans all over the world are becoming polluted by garbage and dangerous chemicals. Oil and other

chemicals can kill fish and make water unsafe for drinking. Polluted water is a hazard to everyone. Now more and more people have realized how serious the problem is. Our government is doing its best to take measures to fight against pollution. We've done a good deal of work, but there's still a long way to go. We must keep on fighting until we find ways to protect the environment from being polluted, and do away with pollution. We are sure that we'll win the battle.

3、Finding an appropriate occupation is very important for job hunters. But what should be taken into consideration when choosing an occupation? Write an essay on the topic "How to Choose an

Occupation?" Your composition should be based on the following outline.

1.正确择业的重要性

2.选择职业应注意的问题

3.你对选择职业的看法

How to choose an Occupation

Generally speaking, we make an effort so as to enjoy a pleasant life. Of course, each one has his or her own definition about the pleasant life, which, if you say has nothing to do with the occupation, is impossible.

Nowadays, the occupation has become one of the thorny issues to the most. Much, known or unknown, has to be taken into consideration. First of all, it is sure that one’s ability makes a big difference. Secondly, the salary and the prospect take considerable time when choosing the occupation. In addition, it’s better to measure it with your taste, like whether you like doing research or running for business and so on. Meanwhile, believe it or not it has a little bearing with that whether you are lucky.

For me, a village girl, family condition is my priority. Frequently, I tell to myself to be reality and do from scratch. That is to say, at beginning, I won’t place so much emphasis on the salary.

Another thing that whether the occupation is my profession does not matter. To be living, I will plunge into the occupation I choose and learn to find the underlying beauty, further to love it. However, working in sales department will be my last choice.

In this process, please sure you are in peace and hopeful to your coming occupation

4、It is reported that serious traffic problems exist in the city. Please illustrate your opinion on the topic “The Traffic Problems in the City”. You should base your essay on the outline below.

1.城市交通中存在的问题。

2.分析问题的原因。

3.提出解决问题的办法。

Traffic is one of the essential activities for people in big cities. Each day, by various means of transportation, heavy loads of goods and a great number of passengers are conveyed to and from every corner of the city. Traffic is one of the biggest headaches in big cities. Traffic jams during rush hours, bus delays and frays are a way of life with city people. In addition, traffic accidents occur with alarming frequency, resulting in heavy losses in both property and lives. Besides, automobiles produce larger volume of poisonous gas each year, causing serious air pollution. In my opinion, the number of private cars should be put under control. And at the same time, buses

should have their own special routes which cannot be used by other vehicles. Besides, underground trains and city trains should be developed quickl

5、Directions:You are to write an essay on the topic“Will Computers Replace Us?” You should base your essay on the outline below.

1．计算机在工作中的表现。

2．计算机是否将取代人类。 3．你的理由

Will Computers Replace Us?

As is the case we can see, the development of computer technology is exerting profound impact on ourlife, almost in every aspect. In addition to the use in working, computers are finding their way into the home. They are so intelligent that they seem to beable to solve all problems, consequently, some say that it will sooner or latertake the place of human beings.

As for me, I firmly hold theview that there is no such possibility on the ground that

computers are butmachines, made by humans. They can only do as humans instruct them and ourtasks are far too complicated for any machines to undertake.

For humans, there is one thingthat computers can never accomplish, that is, the former can make decisions ontheir own wile the latter can do nothing unless they are

programmed.

In my opinion, computers wil remain nothing but an extension of human brains, no matter how clever and sophisticatedthey will become.

6、We are living in an Information Age. And the Internet can influence our lives in many ways. Write an essay on the topic "Internet and Me". You should base your essay on the outline below.

1.因特网带来的益处

2.因特网带来的弊端

3.因特网对我的影响

Everything lives with opposite forces. The same can be said about modern technology, such as Internet. At first glance Internet offers us excitement and a worl of promise. Frankly speaking, people who have some ideas of it can not deny the merits born with the system. For instance,it can improve proficiency in scientific research, for by means of it scientists and researchers can get a global look at the latest development in the field concerned and accordingly they need spend no time doing what has already been done. In view of personal communication, the most convenient

means could be peculiar to Internet, too. While people speak highly of Internet, its drawbacks shouldn't be neglected. Sometimes, alittle fatal breakdown of the system, or a disastrous error could bring us an enormous amount of damage and loss. Meanwhile, with lnternet's replacement of hooks or the written work as the main source of information, human's writing abilities are weakened and relations between people are desalinated However, every country on this planet should work hard to develop the system to serve us more efficiently and comfortably, because in the net all countries are interrelated.

7、Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

You are to write an essay on the topic “My Dream House”. You should base your essay on the outline below: a)描述你现在住所的状况b)你梦想的住所是什么样子c)在你的梦想住所都可以做哪些活动

I’m now living in a small house with my parents. Life for us is hard but happy. I must study hard so that I can buy a big new house some day. I call it a dream house. It has three floors with five bedrooms, three bathrooms, two big dining rooms and two living rooms. When my friends come to visit me, I will have enough bedrooms for them. We’ll have a good time. Besides that, we will have a swimming pool behind the house and a garden in front of the house. In the morning, my parents can do some exercise in the garden. The air must be very fresh. When we feel tired, we can have a swim in the swimming pool. Life will be easy for us. I’ll study harder than before so that the dream can come true.

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