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英文散文朗读

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英文散文朗读体裁作文

篇一:英语散文朗读的技巧

浅谈英语散文朗读的技巧

[摘要]朗读是一项口头语言艺术,而针对于散文,如何将其朗读好,关键在于传神达意。并要注意朗读散文的要领,认真阅读,理解文意。更要注意记叙性散文、论说式散文、抒情散文在朗读时应掌握的技巧,把握好英文阅读的韵律,节奏,达到和谐的统一美感。

[关键词]英语散文 朗读 声调 节奏

众所周知,朗读是一项口头语言艺术,需要创造性地还原语气,使无声的书面语言变成活生生的有声语言。如果写文章是一种创造,朗读即便是再创造。针对散文而言可分为广义和狭义的散文两种。广义的散文,是指诗歌、小说、戏剧以外的所有具有文学性的散行文章。狭义的散文是指文艺性散文,它是一种以记叙或抒情为主,所论述的范围广泛、行文自由,随意、内容不多、抒情与整篇文章之中。散文其篇幅短小,形式自由,题材广泛。要把一篇散文朗读好,关键在于传神达意。散文朗读需要注意下列几点:

一、认真阅读,咀嚼消化,理解文意

从理性上把握作品的思想内容和精神实质,只有透彻地理解,才有深刻的感受,才能准确地掌握作品的情调与节奏。散文的特点是“形散而神不散”。所谓“形散”,主要是指散文取材广泛,上下纵横,天南地北的人和事,无所不谈,不受时空的限制;所谓“神不散”是指主题明确。哪怕散文自由多变,但万变不离其宗,都是为了表达好一个主题。鉴于散文的特点,朗读首先要抓理解。要通读全文,分析难句的结构,词意,文章思想的发展,还要了解作者的

生平和文章的时代背景。了解背景,透视创作历程。作品是社会的折射,内容是背景的产物。带着创作意图和思想感情朗读能更好地表达作者的意图,使读者和听众产生共鸣。

例如:“histories make men wise; poets witty; mathematics subtle?”__bacon

这个句子中有不少省略成分,读第一遍时,如果不仔细,很容易误认为“历史使人变得聪明,诗人灵秀,数学周密??。”但历史怎么能使人变得聪明,诗人灵秀,数学周密??。但历史怎么能使诗人变得灵秀,更不可能使数学变周密的。我们把省略的成分加上,整句的意思就清楚了。”histories make men wise, poets make men witty, the mathematics makes men subtle?”

又如:“five score years ago, a great american, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the emancipation proclamation.” ——martin luther king, jr.

译文:“一百年前,一位美国巨人签署了《解放宣言》,今天我们在他的象征性的庇护下站着。”

1963年8月28日,二十五万黑人向华盛顿“自由进军”示威群众在林肯纪念堂前聆听马丁路德金的演说,这就是他讲话的第二句。他这句话中指的美国人是谁呢?凭我们的常识,我们知道指他是林肯,因为不是别人而是他在1862年9月《解放宣言》上签字,废除奴隶制度。此外,句子开头的短语“five score years ago”是模仿林肯《在葛底斯堡烈士公墓落成典礼上的讲话》的开首

“fourscore and seven years ago”这一仿效亦使读者联想到林肯,因为他这篇讲话是众所周知的。

二、在充分理解文意的基础上进行思考,掌握文章的内涵,捕捉其神韵

朗读者需全面地进行全面的思考,充分发挥自己的想象力和创造力,循序渐进地,由浅入深,一步一步地将自己的情感融入景色,融入所描述的事物中,融入描写的事件中,融入方方面面,带着真情实感领悟其深刻的含义,并能让听众也能产生共鸣,以便达到最佳效果。我们可以把上述第一步看作接受的过程,是听作品说话的。清楚地了解文意以后,在这第二步骤中,我们就要运用自己的知识,经验和判断力,领悟文章的深层意思,掌握其精髓内涵,探究作者的态度,捕捉文章的神韵。在散文中,作者有表达主题思想的充分自由,可以不拘一格,所以较少直言陈述,而是通过见闻,感受,写景,写人,写事使人产生联想,受到感染。朗读散文时,要全力找出能揭示全篇旨趣和有画龙点睛妙用的“文眼”,以便领会作者为文的缘由与目的。

三、记叙式散文的朗读要朴素,自然

不论是记人记事,或描写事物,散文的目的是要引起读者的联想,从而受到启迪,有所感受。朗读时应抓住作品的思想发展线索,帮助听众理解主题思想;声调要朴素,自然,流畅,节奏不快也不慢。学会控制自己的呼吸是非常重要的,发出来的音要坚实有力,音质优美,而且传送地较远。因为记叙式的散文意在让听众自然地去吸

收,体会,感受,所以朴素自然的声调和平缓的气息可以增加文章谈及的人和事的真实感,而朗读时过多的渲染,故作夸张,就会使听众感到朗读者在强加于人,起了第三者的作用,干涉了听众和作品的自然融洽的交流,这是要切忌的。

四、论说式散文的朗读要热切,诚恳

论说式的散文一般都论点鲜明,感情含蓄,步步深入。朗读时声调要深沉,坚定,从容不迫,表现出内在的力量和信心。音色应该柔和,响亮,动听。发表议论目的是希望能说服听众,使论点听起来合情合理,能够为他们所接受,因此,朗读时态度要诚恳,语气要热切,发音要有一定的力度和时值,每一个音素都要到位。读到需要动感情之处时亦可以慷慨激昂,但一定要有真实感,发自于内心,这样才有可能打动听众的心,赢得他们的支持。

五、抒情散文的朗读要深情,要有感染力

抒情散文注重表现作者的思想感受,抒发作者的思想感情。朗读时声调要有感情,跌荡起伏,有韵律感,声音要富有感染力。为了表达感情的需要,在没有标点的地方也可停顿,在有标点的地方也可不停顿。它受感情的支配,根据感情的需要停或不停,特点是声断情不短。这类散文注重的是对某类事物的具体描述和详细的介绍,但往往这类散文缺少完整的全篇描述,它的主要特征就是抒情将情感完全融入到散文中。有时它直白地表露自己的情感,有时是见物生情,可以是对自然景物的描写,也可以是对社会现象和对某一事件的情感表述,抒情散文感情真挚,语言生动,还常常运用象

征和比拟的手法,把思想寓于形象之中,具有强烈的艺术感染力。 总体来说,朗读是建立在大量实践基础上的,尤其针对理解与情感的把握上来说。朗读是一项再创造活动。除了理解作品,感受作者的思想感情外,还要做到读音的准确,适当的停顿,读音的轻重,速度及语调的变化。从而使之达到最佳效果,充分将作者的思想感情传递给听众。

参考文献:

[1]召莉,等.语音进阶[m].西安:世界图书出版公司,1997.

[2]邵守义,等.演讲学教程[m].北京:高等教育出版社,1994.

[3]刘玉学.写作学教程[m].北京:中国政法大学出版社,1995.

[4]孟宪忠.英语语音学[m].上海:华东师范大学出版社,1999.

篇二:浅谈英语散文朗读的技巧

浅谈英语散文朗读的技巧

[摘要]朗读是一项口头语言艺术,而针对于散文,如何将其朗读好,关键在于传神达意。并要注意朗读散文的要领,认真阅读,理解文意。更要注意记叙性散文、论说式散文、抒情散文在朗读时应掌握的技巧,把握好英文阅读的韵律,节奏,达到和谐的统一美感。

[关键词]英语散文 朗读 声调 节奏

众所周知,朗读是一项口头语言艺术,需要创造性地还原语气,使无声的书面语言变成活生生的有声语言。如果写文章是一种创造,朗读即便是再创造。针对散文而言可分为广义和狭义的散文两种。广义的散文,是指诗歌、小说、戏剧以外的所有具有文学性的散行文章。狭义的散文是指文艺性散文,它是一种以记叙或抒情为主,所论述的范围广泛、行文自由,随意、内容不多、抒情与整篇文章之中。散文其篇幅短小,形式自由,题材广泛。要把一篇散文朗读好,关键在于传神达意。散文朗读需要注意下列几点:

一、认真阅读,咀嚼消化,理解文意

从理性上把握作品的思想内容和精神实质,只有透彻地理解,才有深刻的感受,才能准确地掌握作品的情调与节奏。散文的特点是“形散而神不散”。所谓“形散”,主要是指散文取材广泛,上下纵横,天南地北的人和事,无所不谈,不受时空的限制;所谓“神不散”是指主题明确。哪怕散文自由多变,但万变不离其宗,都是为了表达好一个主题。鉴于散文的特点,朗读首先要抓理解。要通读全文,分析难句的结构,词意,文章思想的发展,还要了解作者的生平和文章的时代背景。了解背景,透视创作历程。作品是社会的折射,内容是背景的产物。带着创作意图和思想感情朗读能更好地表达作者的意图,使读者和听众产生共鸣。

例如:“Histories make men wise; poets witty; mathematics subtle…”__Bacon

这个句子中有不少省略成分,读第一遍时,如果不仔细,很容易误认为“历史使人变得聪明,诗人灵秀,数学周密……。”但历史怎么能使人变得聪明,诗人灵秀,数学周密……。但历史怎么能使诗人变得灵秀,更不可能使数学变周密的。我们把省略的成分加上,整句的意思就清楚了。”Histories make men wise, poets make men witty, the mathematics makes men subtle…”

又如:“Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.” ——Martin Luther King, Jr.

译文:“一百年前,一位美国巨人签署了《解放宣言》,今天我们在他的象征性的庇护下站着。”

1963年8月28日,二十五万黑人向华盛顿“自由进军”示威群众在林肯纪念堂前聆听马丁路德金的演说,这就是他讲话的第二句。他这句话中指的美国人是谁呢?凭我们的常识,我们知道指他是林肯,因为不是别人而是他在1862年9月《解放宣言》上签字,废除奴隶制度。此外,句子开头的短语“Five score years ago”是模仿林肯《在葛底斯堡烈士公墓落成典礼上的讲话》的开首“Fourscore and seven years ago”这一仿效亦使读者联想到林肯,因为他这篇讲话是众所周知的。

二、在充分理解文意的基础上进行思考,掌握文章的内涵,捕捉其神韵

朗读者需全面地进行全面的思考,充分发挥自己的想象力和创造力,循序渐进地,由浅入深,一步一步地将自己的情感融入景色,融入所描述的事物中,融入描写的事件中,融入方方面面,带着真情实感领悟其深刻的含义,并能让听众也能产生共鸣,以便达到最佳效果。我们可以把上述第一步看作接受的过程,是听作品说话的。清楚地了解文意以后,在这第二步骤中,我们就要运用自己的知识,经验和判断力,领悟文章的深层意思,掌握其精髓内涵,探究作者的态度,捕捉文章的神韵。在散文中,作者有表达主题思想的充分自由,可以不拘一格,所以较少直言陈述,而是通过见闻,感受,写景,写人,写事使人产生联想,受到感染。朗读散文时,要全力找出能揭示全篇旨趣和有画龙点睛妙用的“文眼”,以便领会作者为文的缘由与目的。

三、记叙式散文的朗读要朴素,自然

不论是记人记事,或描写事物,散文的目的是要引起读者的联想,从而受到启迪,有所感受。朗读时应抓住作品的思想发展线索,帮助听众理解主题思想;声调要朴素,自然,流畅,节奏不快也不慢。学会控制自己的呼吸是非常重要的,发出来的音要坚实有力,音质优美,而且传送地较远。因为记叙式的散文意在让听众自然地去吸收,体会,感受,所以朴素自然的声调和平缓的气息可以增加文章谈及的人和事的真实感,而朗读时过多的渲染,故作夸张,就会使听众感到朗读者在强加于人,起了第三者的作用,干涉了听众和作品的自然融洽的交流,这是要切忌的。

四、论说式散文的朗读要热切,诚恳

论说式的散文一般都论点鲜明,感情含蓄,步步深入。朗读时声调要深沉,坚定,从容不迫,表现出内在的力量和信心。音色应该柔和,响亮,动听。发表议论目的是希望能说服听众,使论点听起来合情合理,能够为他们所接受,因此,朗读时态度要诚恳,语气要热切,发音要有一定的力度和时值,每一个音素都要到位。读到需要动感情之处时亦可以慷慨激昂,但一定要有真实感,发自于内心,这样才有可能打动听众的心,赢得他们的支持。

五、抒情散文的朗读要深情,要有感染力

抒情散文注重表现作者的思想感受,抒发作者的思想感情。朗读时声调要有

感情,跌荡起伏,有韵律感,声音要富有感染力。为了表达感情的需要,在没有标点的地方也可停顿,在有标点的地方也可不停顿。它受感情的支配,根据感情的需要停或不停,特点是声断情不短。这类散文注重的是对某类事物的具体描述和详细的介绍,但往往这类散文缺少完整的全篇描述,它的主要特征就是抒情将情感完全融入到散文中。有时它直白地表露自己的情感,有时是见物生情,可以是对自然景物的描写,也可以是对社会现象和对某一事件的情感表述,抒情散文感情真挚,语言生动,还常常运用象征和比拟的手法,把思想寓于形象之中,具有强烈的艺术感染力。

总体来说,朗读是建立在大量实践基础上的,尤其针对理解与情感的把握上来说。朗读是一项再创造活动。除了理解作品,感受作者的思想感情外,还要做到读音的准确,适当的停顿,读音的轻重,速度及语调的变化。从而使之达到最佳效果,充分将作者的思想感情传递给听众。

参考文献:

[1]召莉,等.语音进阶[M].西安:世界图书出版公司,1997.

[2]邵守义,等.演讲学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1994.

[3]刘玉学.写作学教程[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,1995.

[4]孟宪忠.英语语音学[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,1999.

篇三:英语散文朗读

英语散文

一、It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing befo(来自:WWw.zW2.CN 爱作文网)re us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.

Excerpt from A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens

这是一个最好的时代,也是一个最坏的时代;这是明智的年代,这是愚昧的年代;这是信任的纪元,这是怀疑的纪元;这是光明的季节,这是黑暗的季节;这是希望的春日,这是失望的冬日;我们面前应有尽有,我们面前一无所有;我们都将直下地狱…… 二.The chess-board is the world:the pieces are the phenomena of the universe; the rules of the game are what we call the laws of nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just and patient. But also we know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance.

By Thomas Hey Huxley

棋盘宛如世界:一个个棋子仿佛世间的种种现象:游戏规则就是我们所称的自然法则。竞争对手藏于暗处,不为我们所见。我们知晓,这位对手向来处事公平,正义凛然,极富耐心。然而,我们也明白,这位对手从不忽视任何错误,或者因为我们的无知而做出一丝让步,所以我们也必须为此付出代价。

三.Equality and Greatness

Between persons of equal income there is no social distinction except the

distinction of merit. Money is nothing;character,conduct,and capacity are everything.Instead of all the workers being leveled down to low wage standards and all the rich leveled up to fashionbale income standards,everybody under a system of equal incomes would find his or her own natural level.There would be great people and ordinary people and little peolpe,but the great would always be those who had done great things,and never the idiot whose mother had spoiled them and whose father had left a hued thousand a year;and the little would be persons of small minds and mean characters,and not poor persons who had never had a chance.That is why idiots are always in favour of inequality of income(their only chance of eminence),and the really great in favour of equality.

收入相当的人除了品性迥异以外没有社会差别。金钱不能说明什么;性格,行为,能力才代表一切。在收入平等制度下,每个人将会找到他或她正常的地位,而不是所有的工人被划到应拿低工资阶层,所有的富人被划到应得高收入的阶层。人有卓著伟人,平庸之辈和碌碌小人之别,然伟人总是那些有所建树之人,而非从小深受母亲溺爱,父亲每年留下一大笔钱之人;碌碌小人总是那些心胸狭窄,品德卑劣之人,而不是那些从未获取机会的穷人。愚蠢之众总是赞成收入不平等(他们职能凭借这种机会才能为人所知),而真正伟大之人则主张平等相待,原因就在于此

四.Great Expectations

As the night was fast falling,and as the moon,being past the full,would not rise early,we held a little council:a short one,for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find.So,they plied their oars once more,and I looked out for anything like a house.Thus we held on,speaking little,for four or five dull miles.It was very cold,and,a collier coming by us,with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring,looked like a

comfortable home.The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning;and what light we had,seemed to come more from the river than the sky,as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.

天黑得很快,偏巧这天又是下弦月,月亮不会很早升起。我们就稍稍商量了一下,可是也用不着多讨论,因为情况是明摆着的,再划下去我们一遇到冷落的酒店就得投宿。于是他们又使劲打起浆来,我则用心寻找岸上是否隐隐约约有什么房屋的模样。这样又赶了四五英里路,一路上好不气闷,大家简直不说一句话。天气非常冷,一艘煤船从我们近旁驶过,船上厨房里生着火,炊烟缕缕,火光荧荧,在我们看来简直就是个安乐家了。这时夜已透黑,看来就要这样一直黑到天明,我们仅有的一点光亮似乎不是来自天空,而是来自河上,一浆又一浆的,搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星。

五.The doer of Deeds

It is not the critic who counts,not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles,the doer of deeds could have done them better.

The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arens,whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood;who stives valiantly;who errs,and comes short again and again;because there is not effort without error and shortcoming;but who does actually strive to do the deeds;who knows the great enthusiasms,the great devotions;who spends himself in a worthy cause,who at the best knows in the end the triumphs of high achievement and who at the worst,if he fails,at least fails whiledaring greatly,so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who know neither victory nor defeat.

真正令人尊敬的并非那些评论家和那些指出强者是如何跌倒,实干家本该做得更好的人。

荣誉属于那些亲临竞技场,满脸污泥,汗水和鲜血的人。他们不懈努力,他们曾犯过过错,并一再失败。因为付出即意味着犯错和失败。他们满怀激情地努力做事,执着不懈,将生命奉献于崇高的事业。他们为经过艰辛努力最终取得的伟大成就而自豪,如果失败,他们夜败的荣耀。因而,这样的人永远不应与那些不知道胜利,也从未失败过的冷淡而胆怯的灵魂相提并论。

十六The pleasant family

When in an hour they crowded into a cab to go home, I strolled idly to my club. I was perhaps a little lonely, and it was with a touch of envy that I thought of the pleasant family life of which I had had a glimpse. They seemed devoted to one another. They had little private jokes of their own which, unintelligible to the outsider, amused them enormously. Perhaps Charles Strickland was dull judged by a standard that demanded above all things verbal scintillation; but his intelligence was adequate to his surroundings, and that is a passport, not only to reasonable success, but still more to happiness. Mrs. Strickland was a charming woman, and she loved him. I pictured their lives, troubled by no untoward adventure, honest, decent, and, by reason of those two upstanding, pleasant children, so obviously destined to carry on the normal traditions of their race and station, not without significance. They would grow old insensibly; they would see their son and daughter come to years of reason, marry in due course —— the one a pretty girl, future mother of healthy children; the other a handsome, manly fellow, obviously a soldier; and at last, prosperous in their dignified retirement, beloved by their descendants, after a happy, not unuseful life, in the fullness of their age they would sink into the grave.

——Excerpt from the Moon and Sixpennce by W. Somerset Maugham 一个钟头以后,这一家挤上一辆马车回家去了,我也一个人懒散地往俱乐部踱去。我也许感到有一点寂寞,回想我刚才瞥见的这种幸福家庭生活,心里不无艳羡之感。这一家人感情似乎非常融洽。他们说一些外人无从理解的小笑话,笑得要命。如果纯粹从善于辞令这一角度衡量一个人的智慧,也许查理斯。思特里克兰德算不得聪明,但是在他自己的那个环境里,他的智慧还是绰绰有余的,这不仅是事业成功的敲门砖,

而且是生活幸福的保障。思特里克兰德太太是一个招人喜爱的女人,她很爱她的丈夫。我想象着这一对夫妻的生活,不受任何灾殃祸变的干扰,诚实、体面,两个孩子更是规矩可爱,肯定会继承和发扬这一家人的地位和传统。在不知不觉间,他们俩的年纪越来越老,儿女却逐渐长大成人,到了一定的年龄,就会结婚成家——一个已经出息成美丽的姑娘,将来还会生育活泼健康的孩子;另一个则是仪表堂堂的男子汉,显然会成为一名军人。最后这一对夫妻告老引退,受到子孙敬爱,过着富足、体面的晚年。他们幸福的一生并未虚度,直到年寿已经很高,才告别了人世。

十七、Imagine that you spent your whole life at a single house.Each day at the same hour you entered an artificially-lit room,undressed and took up the same position in front of a motion picture camera.It photographed one frame of you per day,every day of your life. On your seventy-second birthday,the reel of film was shown.You saw yourself growing and aging over seventy-two years in less than half an hour(27.4minites at sixteen frames per second). Images of this sort ,though terrifying, are helpful in suggesting unfamiliar but useful perspectives of time. They may ,for example ,symbolize the telescoped ,almost momentary charater of the past as seen through the eyes of an anxious or disa-ffected individual. Or they may suggest the remarkable brevity of our lifes in the cosmic scale of time. If the estimated age of the cosmos were shorted to seventy-two years, a human life would take about ten seconds.

But look at time the other way. Each day is a minor eternity of over 86000 seconds. During each second, the number of distinct molecular functions going on with the human body is comparable to the mumber of seconds in the estimated age of the cosmos, A few seconds are long enough for a revolutionary idea, a startling communication, a baby's conception, a wounding insult, a sudden death. Depending on how we

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