用英文说爱因斯坦的历史典故

篇一：爱因斯坦：我的世界观(中英文对照)(转载)

爱因斯坦：我的世界观（中英文对照）（转载）

The World As I See It

- Albert Einstein -

How strange is the lot of us mortals! Each of us is here for a brief sojourn; for what purpose be knows not, though he sometimes thinks he senses it. But without deeper reflection one knows from daily life that one exists for other people-first of all for those upon whose smiles and well-being our own happiness is wholly dependent, and then for the many, unknown to us, to whose destinies we are bound by the ties of sympathy. A hundred times every day I remind myself that my inner and outer life are based on the labors of other men,living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure as I have received and am still receiving. I am strongly drawn to a frugal life and am often oppressively aware that I am engrossing an undue amount of the labor of my fellow-men. I regard class distinctions as unjustified and, in the last resort, based on force. I also believe that a simple and unassuming life is good for everybody, physically and mentally.

I do not at all believe in human freedom in the philosophical sense. Everybody acts not only under external compulsion but also in accordance with inner necessity. Schopenhauer?s saying, "A man can do what he wants,but not want what he wants," has been a very real inspiration to me since my youth; it has been a continual consolation in the face of life?s hardships, my own and others?, and an unfailing well-spring of tolerance. This realization mercifully mitigates the easily paralyzing sense of responsibility and prevents us from taking ourselves and other people all too seriously; it is conducive to a view of life which, in particular, gives humor its due.

To inquire after the meaning or object of one?s own existence or that of all creatures has always seemed to me absurd from an objective point of view. And yet everybody has certain ideals which determine the direction of his endeavors and his judgments. In this sense I have never looked upon ease and happiness as ends in themselves-this ethical basis I call the ideal of a pigsty. The ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully, have been Kindness, Beauty, and Truth. Without the sense of kinship with men of like mind, without the occupation with the objective world,the eternally unattainable in the field of art and scientific endeavors, life would have seemed to me empty. The trite objects of human

efforts-possessions,outward success, luxury-have always seemed to me contemptible.

My passionate sense of social justice and social responsibility has always contrasted oddly with my pronounced lack of need for direct contact with other human beings and human communities. I am truly a "lone traveler" and have never belonged to my country, my home, my friend, or even my immediate family, with my whole heart; in the face of all these ties, I have never lost a sense of

distance and a need for solitude-feelings which increase with the years. One becomes sharply aware, but without regret,of the limits of mutual understanding and consonance with other people. No doubt, such a person loses some of his innocence and unconcern; on the other hand, he is

largely independent, of the opinions, habits, and judgments of his fellows and avoids the temptation to build his inner equilibrium upon such insecure foundations.

My political ideal is democracy. Let every man be respected as an individual and no man idolized. It is an irony of fate that I myself have been the recipient of excessive admiration and reverence from my fellow-being, through no fault, and no merit, of my own. The cause of this may well be the desire, unattainable for many, to understand the few ideas to which I have with my feeble powers attained through ceaseless struggle. I am quite aware that it is necessary for the achievement of the

objective of an organization that one man should do the thinking and directing and generally bear the responsibility. But the led must not be coerced, they must be able to choose their leader. An autocratic system of coercion, in my opinion, soon degenerates. For force always attracts men of low morality, and I believe it to be an invariable rule that tyrants of genius are succeeded by

scoundrels, For this reason I have always been passionately opposed to systems such as we see in Italy and Russia today. The thing that has brought discredit upon the form of democracy as it exists in Europe today is not to be laid to the door of the democratic principle as such, but to the lack of stability of governments and to the impersonal character of the electoral system. I believe that in this respect the United States of America have found the right way. They have a President powers really to exercise his responsibility. What I value, on the other hand, in the German political system is the more extensive provision that it makes for the individual in case of illness or need. The really valuable thing in the pageant of human life seems to me not the political state, but the creative, sentient individual, the personality; it alone creates the noble and the sublime, while the herd as such remains dull in thought and dull in feeling. This topic brings me to that worst outcrop of herd life, the military system,which I abhor. That a man can take pleasure in marching in fours to the strains of a band is enough to make me despise him. He has only been given his big brain by mistake; unprotected spinal marrow was all he needed. This plaguespot of civilization ought to be abolished with all possible speed. Heroism on command, senseless violence, and all the loathsome nonsense that goes by the name of patriotism - how passionately I hate them! How vile and despicable seems war to me! I would rather be hacked in pieces than take part in such an

abominable business. My opinion of the human race is high enough that I believe this bogey would have disappeared long ago, had the sound sense of the peoples not been systematically corrupted by commercial and political interests acting through the schools and the Press.

The most beautiful experience we can have is the mysterious. It is the fundamental emotion which stands at the cradle of true art and true science . Whoever does not know it and can no longer wonder, no longer marvel, is as good as dead, and his eyes are dimmed. It was the experience of mystery - even if mixed with fear - that engendered religion. A knowledge of the existence of something we cannot penetrate, our perceptions of the profoundest reason and the most radiant beauty, which only in their most primitive forms are accessible to our minds - it is this knowledge

and this emotion that constitute true religiosity; in this sense, and in this alone, I am a deeply

religious man. I can not conceive of a God who rewards and punishes his creatures, or has a will of the kind that we experience in ourselves. Neither can I nor would I want to conceive of an individual that survives his physical death; let feeble souls, from fear or absurd egoism, cherish such thoughts. I am satisfied with the mystery of the eternity of life and with the awareness and a glimpse of the marvelous structure of the existing world, together with the devoted striving to comprehend a portion, be it ever so tiny, of the Reason that manifests itself in nature

我的世界观

阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦

我们这些总有一死的人的命运多么奇特！我们每个人在这个世界上都只作一个短暂的逗留；目的何在，却无从知道，尽管有时自以为对此若有所感。但是，不必深思，只要从日常生活就可以明白：人是为别人而生存的──首先是为那样一些人，我们的幸福全部依赖于他们的喜悦和健康；其次是为许多我们所不认识的人，他们的命运通过同情的纽带同我们密切结合在一起。我每天上百次的提醒自己：我的精神生活和物质生活都是以别人（包括生者和死者）的劳动为基础的，我必须尽力以同样的分量来报偿我所领受了的和至今还在领受着的东西。我强烈地向往着俭朴的生活。并且时常发觉自己占用了同胞的过多劳动而难以忍受。我认为阶级的区分是不合理的，它最后所凭借的是以暴力为根据。我也相信，简单淳朴的生活，无论在身体上还是在精神上，对每个人都是有益的。

我完全不相信人类会有那种在哲学意义上的自由。每一个人的行为不仅受着外界的强制，而且要适应内在的必然。叔本华说：“人虽然能够做他所想做的，但不能要他所想要的。”这句格言从我青年时代起就给了我真正的启示；在我自己和别人的生活面临困难的时候，它总是使我们得到安慰，并且是宽容的持续不断的源泉。这种体会可以宽大为怀地减轻那种容易使人气馁的责任感，也可以防止我们过于严肃地对待自己和别人；它导致一种特别给幽默以应有地位的人生观。

要追究一个人自己或一切生物生存的意义或目的，从客观的观点看来，我总觉得是愚蠢可笑的。可是每个人都有一些理想，这些理想决定着他的努力和判断的方向。就在这个意义上，我从来不把安逸和享乐看作生活目的本身──我把这种伦理基础叫做猪栏的理想。照亮我的道路，是善、美和真。要是没有志同道合者之间的亲切感情，要不是全神贯注于客观世界──那个在艺术和科学工作领域里永远达不到的对象，那么在我看来，生活就会是空虚的。我总觉得，人们所努力追求的庸俗目标──财产、虚荣、奢侈的生活──都是可鄙的。

我有强烈的社会正义感和社会责任感，但我又明显地缺乏与别人和社会直接接触的要求，这两者总是形成(来自:WwW.ZW2.CN 爱作文 网)古怪的对照。我实在是一个“孤独的旅客”，我未曾全心全意地属于我的国家、我的家庭、我的朋友，甚至我最为接近的亲人；在所有这些关系面前，我总是感觉到一定距离而且需要保持孤独──而这种感受正与年俱增。人们会清楚地发觉，同别人的相互了解和协调一致是有限度的，但这不值得惋惜。无疑，这样的人在某种程度上会失去他的天真无邪和无忧无虑的心境；但另一方面，他却能够在很大程度上不为别人的意见、习惯和判断所左右，并且能够避免那种把他的内心平衡建立在这样一些不可靠的基础之上的诱惑。

我的政治理想是民主政体。让每一个人都作为个人而受到尊重，而不让任何人成为被崇拜的偶像。我自己一直受到同代人的过分的赞扬和尊敬，这不是由于我自己的过错，也不是由于我自己的功劳，而实在是一种命运的嘲弄。其原因大概在于人们有一种愿望，想理解我以自已微薄的绵力，通过不断的斗争所获得的少数几个观念，而这种愿望有很多人却未能实现。我完全明白，一个组织要实现它的目的，就必须有一个人去思考，去指挥、并且全面担负起责任来。但是被领导的人不应当受到强迫，他们必须能够选择自己的领袖。在我看来，强迫的专制制度很快就会腐化堕落。因为暴力所招引来的总是一些品德低劣的人，而且我相信，天才的暴君总是由无赖来继承的，这是一条千古不易的规律。就是由于这个缘故，我总强烈地反对今天在意大利和俄国所见到的那种制度。像欧洲今天所存在的情况，已使得民主形式受到怀疑，这不能归咎于民主原则本身，而是由于政府的不稳定和选举制度中与个人无关的特征。我相信美国在这方面已经找到了正确的道路。他们选出了一个任期足够长的总统，他有充分的权力来真正履行他的职责。另一方面，在德国政治制度中，为我所看重的是它为救济患病或贫困的人作出了可贵的广泛的规定。在人生的丰富多彩的表演中，我觉得真正可贵的，不是政治上的国家，而是有创造性的、有感情的个人，是人格；只有个人才能创造出高尚的和卓越的东西，而群众本身在思想上总是迟钝的，在感觉上也总是迟钝的。

讲到这里，我想起了群众生活中最坏的一种表现，那就是使我厌恶的军事制度。一个人能够洋洋得意的随着军乐队在四列纵队里行进，单凭这一点就足以使我对他鄙夷不屑。他所以长了一个大脑，只是出于误会；光是骨髓就可满足他的全部需要了。文明的这种罪恶的渊薮，应当尽快加以消灭。任人支配的英雄主义、冷酷无情的暴行，以及在爱国主义名义下的一切可恶的胡闹，所有这些都使我深恶痛绝！在我看来，战争是多么卑鄙、下流！我宁愿被千刀万剐，也不愿参与这种可憎的勾当。尽管如此，我对人类的评价还是十分高的，我相信，要是人民的健康感情没有遭到那些通过学校和报纸而起作用的商业利益和政治利益的蓄意败坏，那么战争这个妖魔早就该绝迹了。

我们所能有的最美好的经验是奥秘的经验。它是坚守在真正艺术和真正科学发源地上的基本感情。谁要体验不到它，谁要是不再有好奇心，也不再有惊讶的感觉，谁就无异于行尸走肉，他的眼睛便是模糊不清的。就是这样奥秘的经验──虽然掺杂着恐惧──产生了宗教。我们认识到有某种为我们所不能洞察的东西存在，感觉到那种只能以其最原始的形式接近我们的心灵的最深奥的理性和最灿烂的美──正是这种认识和这种情感构成了真正的宗教感情；在这个意义上，而且也只是在这个意义上，我才是一个具有深挚的宗教感情的人。我无法想象存在这样一个上帝，它会对自己的创造物加以赏罚，会具有我们在自己身上所体验到的那种意志。我不能也不愿去想象一个人在肉体死亡以后还会继续活着；让那些脆弱的灵魂，由于恐惧或者由于可笑的唯我论，去拿这种思想当宝贝吧！我自己只求满足于生命永恒的奥秘，满足于觉察现存世界的神奇结构，窥见它的一鳞半爪，并且以诚挚的努力去领悟在自然界中显示出来的那个理性的一部分，倘若真能如此，即使只领悟其极小的一部分，我也就心满意足了。

篇二：高中历史选修爱因斯坦

班级小组 学号 姓名 教师寄语：中国航天事业取得关键性的进展，我们不会忘记爱因斯坦！

高二历史自主探究学案

课题：第20课：世界科学巨匠爱因斯坦

创设情境：爱因斯坦20世纪最伟大的科学家，他不仅在科学上做出了伟大的贡献，他还热爱

和平，厌恶战争，关心人类的命运；而他伟大的人格更是留给后人的一笔宝贵的财富。

一、科学贡献

（一）简介：出生于德国，后加入美国，是继牛顿之后最伟大的科学家 （二）科学贡献 1．相对论

（1①1905年，爱因斯坦发表《论动体的电动力学》一文，提出；②1916年，提出

（2原理和原理

②阐述时间、空间、运动、质量非绝对不变，而是相对的，可以互相转化；

（3）应用： 和 世界物质运动规律（低速运动的物质，光速运动或接近光速运动

的物质）

（4 观，揭示了时间和空间的 属性，解决

了19世纪末出现的危机，可以解释不同运动状态的物质，

为人们认识世界打开了一个新的窗口中，是物理学领域 的革命；

②思维模式：打破了经典力学 的思维模式，为人们提供了看待

世界的途径；

一起，构成了现代物理学的两大支柱。

2. 质量能量公式：

爱因斯坦作为20世纪最伟大的科学家，创立了，为科学带来了革命性变化， 提出的质量能量公式E＝MC2

，为的研究提供了理论依据，

。 3. 提出 的量子理论

二、反对战争－－和平捍卫者

（一）一战期间，参与发起成立反战团体新祖国同盟；

（二）二战期间受德国纳粹迫害而移居美国；因建议研制原子弹而认为是自己最大错误 （三） 针对20世纪的50年代的核讹诈，1955年，爱因斯坦和罗素联合发表了《罗素——

爱因斯坦宣言》，反对核战争 ，呼吁世界和平。

三、爱好音乐的人：爱因斯坦除了是一名杰出的科学家以外，还是一位音乐爱好者和

优秀小提琴手，古典音乐一直是他生活的伴侣。

四、科学巨匠的遗嘱

（一）抵制虚荣：他一生不崇拜偶像，也不希望别人把自己当做偶像 ，他从没看重荣誉 （二）拒绝哀荣：1955年，爱因斯坦在普林斯顿逝世，留下遗言，葬礼从简，骨灰撒到不为

人知的地方。

五、重点难点分析：如何认识牛顿力学体系与爱因斯坦相对论的关系？

（一）牛顿以天体运动和物体运动的规律为基础，提出了物体机械运动的三大定律和万有引

力定律，它正确反映了宏观物体 运动的规律；爱因斯坦在新的力学与电磁学的基础上，提出了包括宏观和 世界在内的更为广阔的物质运动规律，他的理论既适用于 运动的物质，又适用于光速运动或接近光速运动的物质，爱因斯坦的相对论是对牛顿经典力学的 和；

（二）爱因斯坦否定了牛顿绝对的时空观，但不是说牛顿力学的光辉由此被抹掉，相反，牛

顿力学的理论，牛顿的科学思想和方法仍然在广阔的领域中发挥着指导作用；

（三）爱因斯坦还提出了质能转化原理E＝MC2

，奠定了利用 的理论基础，加深了人

们对物质和运动的认识，在科学和哲学上都具有重大意义。

自主检测 一次世界大战爆发后，连那些素来不问政治、清高脱俗的教授和学者也加入了“保

卫祖国”的大合唱。爱因斯坦本人则公开表明自己是和平主义者，反对一切战争。他认为科学是全世界的，因此像躲避瘟疫一样，避开那些数不清的对炮弹、潜艇和飞机的研究。他说：“在我看来，战争是多么卑鄙、下流!我宁愿被千刀万剐，也不愿参与这种可憎的勾当。”

进入三十年代以后，爱因斯坦逐渐转变为积极的和平主义者。1933年4月，有人请求他出面援助因气绝兵役而被捕的比利时青年，他发表公开信回答说：“如果我是比利时人，在目前的形势下，我不会拒绝服兵役。我将愉快会参军。我相信，这将有助于拯救欧洲。”后来爱因斯坦移居美国。在得知希特勒动员力量进行核研究的消息后，他毅然给罗斯福总统写信，建议美国加快研究。

1945年，美国在长崎和广岛投掷了原子弹。爱因斯坦悔恨地认为是自己“按了按钮“，并表示如果知道德国人不会成功地制造原子弹，就一点忙都不会去帮了。他认为，清除原子弹对人类生存的威胁已经成为今天最迫切的问题，因而积极投身到反战和平运动中。——《爱因斯坦大传》

(1)根据材料，指出爱因斯坦和平主义思想的变化。(6分)

(2)根据材料并结合所学知识，简要评析爱因斯坦关于科学与战争关系的基本观点。(9分)

篇三：爱因斯坦十大名言英文版

爱因斯坦十大名言英文版

爱因斯坦关于宇宙飞速扩展的理论已经得到了英国科学家的证实，他那“不可思议的准确”令人赞叹。让我们一起看看这位人类历史上最伟大的科学家给我们留下的十大经典名言吧。

Albert Einstein's theory about how fast the universe is expanding has been proved correct by British scientists who praised his "incredible accuracy". He was known for words and phrases and here are 10 of his best quotes.

According to Einstein nothing should be able to travel faster than light, and evidence that neutrinos were capable of doing so would have a fundamental impact on our understanding of the universe and of time

1. A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new.

一个从不犯错误的人，一定从来没有尝试过任何新鲜事物。

2. Intellectuals solve problems; geniuses prevent them.

智者解决问题，天才预防问题。

3. Science is a wonderful thing if one does not have to earn one's living at it.

科学是个美妙的东西——如果无须靠它维生的话。

4. The hardest thing in the world to understand is the income tax.

世界上最让人难以理解的东西就是个人所得税。

5. I am convinced that He (God) does not play dice.

我确信上帝不玩赌博游戏。

6. Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one.

现实不过是幻象，尽管这幻象挥之不去。

7. I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.

我从不去想未来。因为它来得已经够快的了。

8. The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education.妨碍我学习的唯一障碍就是我的教育。

9. Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe.

宇宙中唯有两件事物是无限的：宇宙的大小与人的愚蠢。我不能确定的是宇宙的大小。

10. I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones.

我不知道第三次世界大战会用哪些武器，但第四次世界大战中人们肯定用的是木棍和石块。