how,to,write,a,poem

篇一：Unit 6 How to Write a Rotten Poem with Almost No Effort课文翻译综合教程三

Unit 6

How to Write a Rotten Poem with Almost No Effort

Richard Howey

1 So you want to write a poem. You’ve had a rotten day or an astounding thought or a car accident or a squalid love affair and you want to record it for all time. You want to organize those emotions that are pounding through your veins. You have something to communicate via a poem but you don’t know where to start.

2 This, of course, is the problem with poetry. Most people find it difficult to write a poem so they don’t even try. What’s worse, they don’t bother reading any poems either. Poetry has become an almost totally foreign art form to many of us. As a result, serious poets either starve or work as account executives. There is no middle ground. Good poets and poems are lost forever simply because there is no market for them, no people who write their own verse and seek out further inspiration from other bards.

3 Fortunately, there is a solution for this problem, as there are for all imponderables. The answer is to make it easy for everyone to write at least one poem in his life. Once a person has written a poem, of whatever quality, he will feel comradeship with fellow poets and, hopefully, read their works. Ideally, there would evolve a veritable society of poet-citizens, which would elevate the quality of life worldwide. Not only that, good poets could make a living for a change.

4 So, to begin, have your paper ready. You must first understand that the poem you write here will not be brilliant. It won’t even be mediocre. But it will be better than 50% of all song lyrics and at least equal to one of Rod McKuen’s best efforts. You will be instructed how to write a four-line poem but the basic structure can be repeated at will to create works of epic length.

5 The first line of your poem should start and end with these words: “In the — of my mind.” The middle word of this line is optional. Any word will do. It would be best not to use a word that has been overdone, such as “windmills” or “gardens” or “playground.” Just think of as many nouns as you can and see what fits best. The rule of thumb is to pick a noun that seems totally out of context, such as “filing cabinet” or “radiator” or “parking lot.” Just remember, the more unusual the noun, the more profound the image. 6 The second line should use two or more of the human senses in a conflicting manner, as per the famous, “listen to the warm.” This is a sure way to conjure up “poetic” feeling and atmosphere. Since there are five different senses, the possibilities are endless. A couple that come to mind are “see the noise” and “touch the sound.” If more

complexity is desired other senses can be added, as in “taste the color of my hearing,” or “I cuddled your sight in the aroma of the night.” Rhyming, of course, is optional.

7 The third line should be just a simple statement. This is used to break up the insightful images that have been presented in the first two lines. This line should be as prosaic as possible to give a “down-to-earth” mood to the poem. An example would be “she gave me juice and toast that morning,” or perhaps “I left for work next day on the 8:30 bus.” The content of this line may or may not relate to what has gone before.

8 The last line of your poem should deal with the future in some way. This gives the poem a forward thrust that is always helpful. A possibility might be, “tomorrow will be a better day,” or “I’ll find someone sometime,” or “maybe we’ll meet again in July.” This future-oriented ending lends an aura of hope and yet need not be grossly optimistic.

9 By following the above structure, anyone can write a poem. For example, if I select one each of my sample lines, I come up with:

In the parking lot of my mind,

I cuddled your sight in the aroma of the night.

I left for work next day on the 8:30 bus.

Maybe we’ll meet again in July.

10 Now that poem (like yours, when you’re finished) is rotten. But at least it’s a poem and you’ve written it, which is an accomplishment that relatively few people can claim. 11 Now that you’re a poet, feel free to read poetry by some of your more accomplished brothers and sisters in verse. Chances are, you’ll find their offerings stimulating and refreshing. You might even try writing some more of your own poems, now that you’ve broken the ice. Observe others’ emotions and experience your own — that’s what poetry is all about.

12 Incidentally, if you find it impossible to sell the poem you write to Bobby Goldsboro or John Denver, burn it. It will look terrible as the first page of your anthology when it’s published.

轻轻松松写烂诗

理查德·豪伊

1. 这一天你过得很糟糕，或是有了个绝妙的想法，又或者遭遇车祸，再或情场失意，你想把它永久记录下来。你于是想写一首诗。你想把在你血管里澎湃着的这些情感组织一下。你有些东西需要用诗的形式来传达，但不知道从哪里下手。

2. 写诗当然有这个问题。大多数人觉得写诗很难，所以根本连试都不去试一下。更糟糕的是，大家现在也不再费心去读什么诗了。对多数人来说诗已经成为一种几乎完全陌生的艺术

形式。结果是，严肃诗人要么饿死要么改行去做客户项目经理了。连折衷的余地都没有。优秀诗人和诗歌永远消失了，就是因为没有市场——没人写诗，也没人想从别的诗人那里汲取灵感。

3. 幸运的是，像其他难以精确估量的东西一样，这个问题有一个解决办法。答案是让每个人一生中至少可以轻轻松松写一首诗。一旦某个人写了一首诗，不论质量如何，他会跟其他诗人产生亲近感，那样就很有可能会去阅读他们的作品。理想的状态是，名副其实的诗人公民社会发展起来了，全世界范围内的生活质量得以提升。不仅如此，优秀的诗人也可以换种方式谋生了。

4. 好了，先要把纸准备好。你首先得明白，你在这张纸上写出的诗不可能会太出色，甚至可能连平庸之作都算不上。但它至少会比50%的歌词要好，也至少能与罗德·麦丘恩的某篇得意之作不相上下。我会指导你写一首四行的诗，但这只是基本结构，可以随意重复，就算要用它来写一部鸿篇巨制也没问题。

5. 你的诗作第一行的首尾字词应该是这样的：“在我脑子的_________里。”这一行中间的词是可选的。什么词都可以。最好别用那些已经被人用滥了的词，比如“风车”或“花园”或“游乐场”。尽量多想名词，越多越好，看哪一个最合适。经验法则是选一个看起来完全不合上下文的词，比如“档案柜”或“散热器”或“停车场”。只要记住，这名词越不同寻常，意象就会越深刻。

6. 第二行应该以自相矛盾的方式提到两种或两种以上的人类感觉，比如那句著名的“倾听温暖”。用这个办法来营造“诗意”情感和气氛真是十拿九稳。因为人类共有五种感官，所以能有无穷无尽的组合。现在闯入我脑海的两个就是“看见噪音”和“触摸声音”。如果希望更复杂些，还可以加上其他感官，比如，“品尝我听觉的颜色”，或“我在夜的香气中依偎你的视线”。押韵当然是可有可无的。

7. 第三行应该只是一个简单的陈述句。它是用来打破前两行中所营造的深刻意象的。这一行应该尽量平淡，以便给整首诗一种朴实的基调。比如，“那天早上她给了我果汁和吐司”，又或许“第二天我坐8:30的公共汽车去上班”。这一行的内容可以与前面的内容相关，也可以毫无关联。

8. 诗的最后一行应该用某种方式谈及未来。这会给你的诗作一种向上的感觉，这总是有好处的。也许可以写“明天会更好”，或“有一天我会遇到那个人”，或“也许我们将于七月再见”。这种展望未来的结尾给人一种希望的意味，不过也不必弄到太过乐观地地步。

9. 按照上面的结构，任何人都能写首诗。比如，从上面举的例子中各选一行，我就会写出：

在我心的停车场，

我在夜的香气中依偎你的视线。

第二天我坐8:30的公共汽车去上班，

也许我们将于七月再见。

10. 这首诗(你的诗完成时，也跟这首半斤八两)固然是很烂的，但这好歹也算一首诗，而你

是作者，能拥有这样的成就的人相对来说也不算太多。

11. 既然你已经是诗人了，那就尽管去读某些在诗歌方面更有成就的兄弟姐妹们的诗作吧。你可能会觉得他们的作品令人振奋，令人耳目一新。既然已经开了头，你甚至还可能试着再写些别的诗。观察他人的情感，体验自己的情感——诗歌无外乎如此。

12. 顺便说一句，若是你觉得自己的诗不可能被鲍比·戈尔兹伯勒或约翰·丹佛这样的知名歌手赏识，那就烧掉它，毁“诗”灭迹。到你的诗集出版时，这首诗放在第一篇只会惨不忍睹。

篇二：课后答案Unit 6 How to write a rotten poem with almost no e

Unit 6 How to write a rotten poem with almost no effort.

Vocabulary.

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

(1) extremely intense; (2) the practical principal;

(3) just like, following the example of ;(4) Probably, Quite likely;

(5) made a start despite the difficulty.

2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.

(1)epic; (2) squalid; (3)veritable; (4) pounded;

(5)aroma; (6) evolved; (7) lyrics; (8) claimed

3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.

(1) imponderables; (2) poetic/poetical; (3) accidentally; (4) unsought;

(5) cuddliest; (6) juicy; (7) disoriented; (8) versed

4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.

(1) conjures up; (20 dealt with; (3) seek out; (4) think of

(5)ended/stared with; (6)break…up; (7)relates to; (8) came up with

5. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

(1)unfamiliar(strange); (2) fellowship(brotherhood);

(3)lower(degrade); (4)exceptional( excellent)

(5) caress (hug,embrace); (6) unrealistic(impractical)

(7) skilled (expert,proficient,successful); (8) product (compositio

6. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.

(1) affects; (2) catching up with; (3) been involved with; (4) tell exactly

(5) rejected; (6)make understood; (7)tried to get; (8) thought seriously about

Grammar.

1. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate verb forms.

(1) shake; (2) to do, wait, to let; (3) standing; (4) finding;

(5) take, make, drink; (6) leave; (7) being spoken; (8) be, look

4.Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.

1~4 CDBD 5~8 CAAC

Translation.

1. Sometimes, we have to make a choice because there is no middle ground.

2. He often conjured up visions of the past when he was free from the pressures of life.

3. He often refreshed himself with a cup of strong black coffee when he felt fatigued.

4. He thrust past a throng of drunken men and bargaining women and walked on through flaring streets.

5. Experienced translators, though lacking in theory, can render one

language into another by rule of thumb.

6. It was generally believed that the major purpose of the foreign minister’s trip was to break the ice with regards to the relations between the two countries.

7. Reading good books and making friends with good people can elevate the mind.

8. The flowers and the colorful lights lent a festival atmosphere to this ancient small town.

Exercises for integrated skills.

2. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

(1)questions (2)will (3)ones (4)accounts

(5)apply (6)as (7)need (8)at

(9)wish (10)feel (11)music (12)case

篇三：How to write Poetry

Writing a poem is all about observing the world within you or around you. You can about anything, from to the rusty gate at the old farm. As long as you are enjoying it or finding a release of tension through it, you're on the right track.

Steps

? Read and listen to poetry. Whether someone who has never seen a sonnet nor heard haiku can truly be a poet is an open question. It is almost certain, though, that any poet who has been published or who has garnered any following enhanced their skills by reading or listening to good poetry, even if they later scoffed at conventional notions of what was "good." "Good" poems fall into three categories: those that are recognized as classics, those that seem to be popular, and those that you personally like. Poems typically being short, there is no reason not to explore plenty of

both.

Original manuscript of Longfellow's "The Village Blacksmith." The revisions on the page give us an idea of how the poem evolved.

? Find a spark. A poem may be born as a snippet of verse, maybe just a line or two that seems to come out of nowhere. This is usually called 'inspiration', and the remainder of the poem need only be written around it.

At other times you may want to write about a specific thing or idea. If this is the case, do a little planning. Write down all the words and phrases that come to mind when you think of that idea. Allow yourself to put all your ideas into words.

It may sound difficult, but do not be afraid to voice your exact feelings. Emotions are what make poems, and if you lie about your emotions it can be easily sensed in the poem. Write them down as quickly as possible, and when you're done, go through the list and look for connections or certain

items that get your creative juices flowing. ? Think about what you want to achieve with your poem. Perhaps you want to write a poem to express your love for your boyfriend or girlfriend; perhaps you want to commemorate a tragic event; or maybe you just want to get an "A" in your poetry class. Think about why you are writing your poem and who your intended audience is, and then proceed in your writing accordingly.

? Decide which poetry style suits your subject. There are a great many different poetic styles. . If you see "Winter icicles / plummeting like Enron stock..." perhaps you've got a haiku in your head. As a poet, you have a wide variety of set forms to choose from: , sonnets, ... the list goes on and on. You may also choose to abandon form altogether and write your poem in free verse. While the choice may not always be as obvious as the example above, the best form for the poem will usually manifest itself during the writing process.

? Try to fit into a particular scene you want to write about. For example, if you want to write about nature, try to visit a park or a small forest nearby. The natural scenery may inspire few lines, even if they're not perfect.

? Listen to your poem. While many people today have been exposed to poetry only in written form, poetry was predominantly an aural art for thousands of years, and the sound of a poem is still important. As you write and edit your poem, read it aloud and listen to how it sounds.

o This is where poems can become songs. It is easier to find a tune for regular meter, so maybe you want to cut words out or put some in to get the same number of syllables in each line. Memorize it. If you believe it, then maybe someone else will learn it and love it before it is a song.

? Write down your thoughts as they come to you. Don't edit as you write, or do edit as you write - the choice is yours. However, you should try both methods at least a couple times to see what works best for you.

? Choose the right words. It's been said that if a novel is "words in the best order," then a poem is "the best words in the best order." Think of the words you use as building blocks of different sizes and shapes. Some words will fit together perfectly, and some won't. You want to keep working at your poem until you have built a strong structure of words. Use only those words that are necessary, and those that enhance the meaning of the poem. Choose your words carefully. The differences between similar sounding words or synonyms can lead to interesting word play.

o Use concrete imagery and vivid descriptions.

Love, hate, happiness: these are all abstract concepts. Many (perhaps all) poems are, deep down, about emotions and other abstractions. Nevertheless, it's hard to build a strong poem using only abstractions - it's just not interesting. The key, then, is to replace or enhance abstractions with concrete images, things that you can appreciate with your senses: a rose, a shark, or a crackling fire, for example. The concept of the objective correlative may be useful. An objective correlative is an object, several objects, or a series of events (all concrete things) that evoke the emotion or idea of the poem.

3

o Really powerful poetry not only uses concrete images; it also describes them vividly. Show your readers and listeners what you're talking about--help them to experience the imagery of the poem. Put in some "sensory" handles. These are words that describe the things that you hear, see, taste, touch, and smell, so that the reader can identify with their own experience. Give some examples rather than purely mental/intellectual descriptions. As a silly example, consider "He made a loud sound", versus "He made a loud sound like a hippo eating 100 stale pecan pies with metal teeth".

? Use poetic devices to enhance your poem's beauty and meaning. The most well known poetic device is rhyme. Rhyme can add suspense to your lines, enhance your meaning, or make the poem more cohesive. It can also make it prettier. Don't overuse rhyme. It's a crime. In fact, you don't have to use rhyme at all. Other poetic devices include meter, metaphor, assonance, alliteration, and repetition. If you don't know what these are, you may want to look in a poetry book or search the Internet. Poetic devices can establish a poem, or, if they bring too much attention to themselves, can ruin it.

?? Save your most powerful message or insight for the end of your poem. The last line is to a poem what a punch line is to a joke--something that evokes an emotional response. Give the reader something to think about, something to dwell on after reading your poem. Resist the urge to explain it; let the reader become engaged with the poem in developing an understanding of your experience or message.

?? Edit your poem. When the basic poem is written, set it aside for

awhile and then read the poem out loud to yourself. Go through it and balance the choice of words with the rhythm. Take out unnecessary words and replace imagery that isn't working. Some people edit a poem all at once, while others come back to it again and again over time. Don't be afraid to rewrite if some part of the poem is not working. Some poems have lines that simply don't convey an element well, and can be replaced.

?? Get opinions. It can be hard to critique your own work, so after you've done an initial edit, try to get some friends or a poetry group (there are plenty online) to look at your poem for you. You may not like all their suggestions, and you don't have to take any of them, but you might find some insight that will make your poem better. Feedback is good. Pass your poem around, and ask your friends to critique your work. Tell them to be honest, even if it's painful. Filter their responses, heeding and ignoring, then edit as you see fit.

How to Write Poetry

By an eHow Contributor

Poetry is a short piece of imaginative writing. It is usually very personal in nature, representing a feeling or emotion. Poetry is probably the most free form of writing, with few restrictions like plot and character. Like any artform, poetry takes a commitment and thrives with practice and knowledge of the craft.

From Essentials: Know All the Literary Genres

Instructions

1

Carry a paper and pen at all times. As all artists know, inspiration can hit at any time at any place. It probably comes most often when least expected, when waiting in the checkout line or sitting on the subway. The immediate feeling of the instinctual emotion felt at the very moment will be forgotten, or at least begin to cloud in memory.

2

Know metaphors and how to use them. Use them while speaking to hear how they sound. Think of them constantly and try to make them more eloquent and beautiful all the time. After a while they should be able to flow freely and naturally.

3

Have a wide vocabulary. This comes from reading, writing and speaking. Read avidly, and try to incorporate new words while writing. Practice

using new words in conversations. 4

Use imagery. Imagery is vital to poetry. Know how to describe things in ways that no one else describes them. Be aware of all five of the senses and how to describe effectively what each is experiencing.

5

Read poetry. Read poetry all the time. Get inspired by other poets. Learn about their style. Read classic poets such as Aristotle. Read Shakespeare, Emily Dickinson and Rimbaud. Read contemporary poets like Nikki Giovanni. Read unknown poetry posted online.

6

Get outside opinions. Talk to friends, join online groups or even enroll for

a course. All feedback is constructive, whether positive or negative. Learn to grow from criticism; it will only help. Don't be afraid to share work with an audience.

篇四：Unit 6 How to write a rotten poem with almost no effort练习答案综合教程三

Unit 6 How to Write a Rotten Poem with Almost No Effort Key to the Exercises

Text comprehension

I. Decide which of the following the author is most concerned with.

B

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.

1. T (Refer to Paragraph 2.)

2. F (Refer to Paragraph 2. Good poets and poems are lost forever simply because there is no market for them, or so few people read their poems.)

3. T (Refer to Paragraph 4.)

4. T (Refer to Paragraphs 5?.)

5. T (Refer to Paragraphs 11?2.)

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraphs 1?. The problem with poetry is that people find it too difficult to write a poem, so they don't even try. And even worse, they have virtually given up reading poems. The author believes that people can be encouraged to write a poem very easily, even if the poem is really rotten.

2. Refer to Paragraph 3. The idea is to make it easy for everyone to write at least one poem in his life.

3. Refer to Paragraphs 5?. That is a rule of thumb and the fashion of today. Unusual nouns and conflicting human senses can create profound images and feelings and a poetic atmosphere.

4. Refer to Paragraphs 10?1. When you've written a poem, it will be an accomplishment, so you may feel free to read the works of your fellow poets. You will perhaps find some inspiration from their poems and therefore continue writing your poems and for this purpose keep observing the emotions of yourself and others.

5. You can have a try anyway.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1. Good poets have stopped writing poems, because there are fewer and fewer readers and fellow poets. They cannot depend on poetry writing for a living, and there is no more poetic society from which they can draw inspirations and stimulations.

2. The point of poetry is to express and record emotions. So when you read poems, you will observe the emotions of the poet and when you write your own poem, you need to observe and organize your own.

Structural analysis of the text

"Once a person has written a poem, of whatever quality, he will feel comradeship with fellow poets and, hopefully, read their works. Ideally, there would evolve a veritable society of poet-citizens, which would elevate the quality of life worldwide. Not only that,

good poets could make a living for a change. (Paragraph 3)

"But at least it's a poem and you've written it, which is an accomplishment that relatively few people can claim. (Paragraph 10)

"Chances are, you'll find their offerings stimulating and refreshing. You might even try writing some more of your own poems, now that you've broken the ice. Observe others emotions and experience your own -- that's what poetry is all about. (Paragraph 11)

Rhetorical features of the text

"The last line of your poem should deal with the future in some way." (Paragraph 8) "How that poem (like yours, when you're finished) is rotten." (Paragraph 10)

Vocabulary exercises

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1. extremely intense

2. The practical principle

3. just like; following the example of

4. Probably; Quite likely

5. made a start despite the difficulty

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.

1. epic 2. squalid

3. veritable 4. pounded

5. aroma 6. evolved

(来自:WwW.smhaida.Com 海达 范文 网:how,to,write,a,poem)

7. lyrics 8. claimed

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.

1. imponderables 2. poetic/poetical

3. accidentally 4. unsought

5. cuddliest 6. juicy

7. disorientated 8. versed

IV. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.

1. conjures up

2. dealt with

3. seek out

4. think of

5. ended/started with

6. break ... up

7. relates to

8. came up with

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense

it is used.

1. Synonym: unfamiliar (strange)

2. Synonym: fellowship (brotherhood)

3. Antonym: lower (degrade)

4. Antonym: exceptional (excellent)

5. Synonym: caress (hug, embrace)

6. Antonym: unrealistic (impractical)

7. Synonym: skilled (expert, proficient, successful)

8. Synonym: product (composition)

VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.

1. affects

2. catching up with

3. been involved in

4. tell exactly

5. rejected

6. make understood

7. tried to get

8. thought seriously about

Grammar exercises

I. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate verb forms.

1. shake

2. to do, wait, to let

3. standing

4. finding

(To in the expression with a view to is a preposition.)

5. take, make, drink

6. leave

(When rather than appears at the beginning of a sentence, we use bare infinitive after it.)

7. being spoken

8. be, look

II. Complete the sentences using either the infinitive or the -ing form of the verbs in brackets.

1. to drink 2. turning

3. to tell 4. to give

5. getting 6. to check

7. living 8. taking

9. to lift 10. talking

III. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. getting up, walking 2. making

3. carry 4. getting

5. leading 6. live

7. writing 8. stealing

IV. Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.

1. C (We use the simple present to describe things that are always true or situations that exist now and will go on indefinitely.)

2. D

3. B

4. D

5. C

6. A (In a formal style, the verb should be singular when the subject is "either".)

7. A

8. C

V. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate forms of the verbs given.

1. has been ringing

2. had been made up

3. will be giving

4. comes

5. would have

6. was getting

7. started

(We use the past tense in the clauses after it's time, would rather, wish.)

8. had been

9. will improve/improves

(The verb hope can be followed by a present tense with a future meaning, especially in the first person.)

10. says

(The simple present is often used in introducing quotations.)

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the italicized parts in your sentences.

1. e.g. The course you are going to take will not be exciting. It won't even be interesting. But you will find it helpful in the long run.

2. e.g. Now that you have written your first poem, you should not find it difficult to compose a second one.

Translation exercises

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 这一天你过得很糟糕，或是有了个绝妙的想法，又或者遭遇车祸，再或情场失意，你想把它永久记录下来。

2. 优秀诗人和诗歌永远消失了，就是因为没有市场——没人写诗，也没人想从别的诗人那

里汲取灵感。

3. 理想的状态是，名副其实的诗人公民社会发展起来了，全世界范围内的生活质量得以提升。

4. 这种展望未来的结尾给人一种希望的意味，不过也不必弄到太过乐观的地步。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.

1. Sometimes, we have to make a choice because there is no middle ground.

2. He often conjured up visions of the past when he was free from the pressures of life.

3. He often refreshed himself with a cup of strong black coffee when he felt fatigued.

4. He thrust past a throng of drunken men and bargaining women and walked on through the flaring streets.

5. Experienced translators, though lacking in theory, can render one language into another by rule of thumb.

6. It was generally believed that the major purpose of the foreign minister's trip was to break the ice with regards to the relations between the two countries.

7. Reading good books and making friends with good people can elevate the mind.

8. The flowers and the colorful lights lent a festive atmosphere to this ancient small town.

III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

诗歌像语言一样无处不在，并且几乎和语言一样古老。在某些方面，读诗很像读小说：我们注意细节和语言，搞清上下文的关系并作出推断，最后得出结论。然而，读诗又与平常的阅读有所不同。与小说比较，诗歌则是一种浓缩和含蓄的艺术。

读诗一遍是不够的，因为一首好诗，读一遍是不能读尽其意的。 读诗的最佳方法与读报的最佳方法正好相反。读报是迅速浏览，读诗则是慢慢咀嚼。我们为什么要读诗呢？我们认为读诗可以得到快乐。比如：通过读诗，我们可以发现并享受斯宾塞的梦幻、弥尔顿的壮丽、华兹华斯的自然简洁、济慈的优美旋律以及拜伦的叙事魅力。另外，读诗使人明智灵秀，那是培根在《论学习》中告诉我们的。

Exercises for integrated skills

I. Dictation script

Poetry as an art form may have predated literacy./ Some of the earliest poetry/ is believed to have been orally recited or sung./ Following the development of writing,/ poetry has since developed into increasingly structured forms,/ though much poetry since the late 20th century/ has moved away from traditional forms/ towards the more vaguely defined free verse/ and prose poem formats.

Poetry is often closely related to musical traditions,/ and much of it can be attributed to religious movements./ Many of the poems surviving from the ancient world/ are a form of recorded cultural information/ about the people of the past,/ and their poems are prayers or stories/ about religious subject matter,/ histories about their politics and wars,/ and the important organizing myths of their societies.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

篇五：Unit 6 How to Write a Rotten Poem with Almost No Effort Words and Expressions综合教程三

Unit 6 How to Write a Rotten Poem with Almost No Effort Words and Expressions

1. pound v.

strike or hit heavily and repeatedly

e.g. Pounding on the floor, she shouted at the top of her voice.

She slipped out of the office with the stolen secret file in her handbag, her heart pounding severely.

Collocations:

pound against / on

e.g. Waves pounded against the pier.

pound along / through / down, etc.

e.g. I could hear him pounding up the stairs.

pound out

e.g. The Rolling Stones were pounding out one of their old numbers.

2. middle ground

an area of compromise or possible agreement between two extreme positions

e.g. Each party wants to capture the votes of those perceived as occupying the middle ground.

In the argument everyone has to take sides; there is no middle ground.

Practice:

双方谈判无法达成共同立场。

The negotiators could find no middle ground.

3. squalid a.

morally repulsive; sordid

e.g. He was living in squalid conditions.

Synonyms:

degraded, filthy, poor, shabby, slummy, sordid, wretched

4. imponderable n.

a thing that cannot undergo precise evaluation

e.g. We can't predict the outcome. There are too many imponderables.

5. rule of thumb

a broadly accurate guide or principle, based on experience or practice rather than theory. e.g. I haven't been taught the finer points of carpentry; I just make things by rule of thumb.

Practice:

这笔生意的行?a href="http://www.zw2.cn/zhuanti/guanyuluzuowen/" target="_blank" class="keylink">路ㄔ蚴抢衩仓辽稀?/p>

The rule of thumb in this business is courtesy.

6. cuddle v.

hold close in one’s arms as a way of showing love or affection.

e.g. He cuddles the baby close.

What do you think of some youngsters cuddling each other in public places, paying no heed to those who pass by?

Synonyms:

fondle, nestle, snuggle

7. incidentally ad.

by the way

e.g. Incidentally, it was many months before the whole truth was discovered.

Derivations:

incident n.

e.g. A spokesman said it was an isolated incident.

incidental a.

e.g. problems incidental to growing up

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