无私英语作文

篇一：无私奉献高考英语作文指导—— 议论文

词·清平乐

禁庭春昼，莺羽披新绣。

百草巧求花下斗，只赌珠玑满斗。

日晚却理残妆，御前闲舞霓裳。谁道腰肢窈窕，折旋笑得君王。

高考英语作文指导—— 议论文

Knowledge Objectives

To help the students to learn the basic writing skills on Argumentative Composition

Compentence Objectives

To help the students to grasp their basic writing skills

To practice writing skills.(detailed information& general idea)

Emotion Objectives To cultivate the love of writing

Teaching approach:Communicative approach

Teaching Aids: Multi-Media

Difficult points :

Teaching procedures:

I. Pre-task: Revision

Lead-in

II. While task:Learn some basic writing skills on Argumentative Composition

（一） 英文议论文的结构特点 汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头段应

该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英

语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间

和结尾都有严格的要求。

简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：

1、 观点鲜明的开头；

2、 紧扣主题的结尾；

3、 有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。 所以，既然高考英语考的是英语文章，大家就应该遵循英文议论文的写作思

路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支持；表示反对就彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙

头草两边倒”的做法。

（二）英语议论文写作要点:

straight:开门见山，直来直去。

brief:文章“简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。

coherence: 文理通顺，前后连贯。

division:词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和片段。

ambiguity:尽量不用可能会引起歧义的词语或句子。

Key：用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。

omit:合理删除多余的不必要部分。

sentence pattern:句型要尽量多样化。

tense:动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。

(三)英语议论文写作手法

1. 引言段

高考英语议论文的引言可以有两部分组成：现象+观点。

现象就来自作文题目。所以学生必须要理解题目中的每句话，把题目中的中文用英语

表达出来就能成为不错的开篇。然后再开门见山地亮出自己的观点。

2. 主体段

要想写好英语议论文，就要讲究好的论证方法。

一般说来，有两种方法可采用，一是逻辑说理，即“晓之以理”；一是从感情上打动

他人，即“动之以情”。这两种方法并不是孤立地出现，往往是你中有我，我中有你。

除此以外，我们还可以运用：

① 引证法(即引用一些名人名言、成语、格言、谚语灯作为论据)；

② 例证法(即举例来进行论证 )

③ 喻证法(用比喻的方法来论证事理，把深奥、抽象的事理表述得浅显易懂，使文章

既生动又形象 )

④ 对比论证法(通过对事物的正反两个方面的对比来分析论证，使文章的表达效果更

强烈，给人留下深刻印象 )

⑤ 归纳法 (从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结

论。)

⑥ 推理法 (从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论)

⑦ 驳论法 (先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点)。

在主体段中，务必要牢记应采用先分后总的手法——先亮出主题句，然后再用发展句

充实段落。你必须围绕着引言段的观点展开，千万不能让人觉得的的文章段落之间没

有衔接。

此外，在主体段中要恰当地使用过渡词，有明显的层次感，引领阅读者一层一层地根

据你的分论点走向最终你要阐述的观点。

3. 结尾段

结论，用一、二句话来结束文章，做到首尾呼应。一定要再次澄清你的观点，切记与

引言段的观点一致，建议用不同的词句法表达一个意思。

(四)、英语议论文范文

Private Tutors

With the development od science and society, more and more students are keen to take

on private tutors.

Some people think taking on a private tutor is good for students in some ways. The

tutor can answer the students’questions individually and carefully and give them detailed

advice; some private tutors assign their students more exercises to do and the students

will learn extra knowledge from their tutors; it is known to us all that a good and

experienced teacher can help his students to review their lessons in a very good way so

that they can have a better understanding of the knowledge learned in class, which is help

to them in their examinations.

But every coin has two sides. Some people look upon it with disapproval. They hold

the opinion that the students rely too much on their tutor and they even take little notice

of what their own teacher says in class; the private tutor assigns them to do a lot of

extra exercises, thus occupying plenty of rheir spare time and they will be too worn out;

contrary to what their parents hope, their studies become worse than before.

So it is hard to say whether taking on a private tutor is good or not. It all depends

on the individual. But in my opinion, if you want to take on a private tutor, you should

choose one carefully since he or she will have a great impact on your studies.

Money for Education

In my opinion, it is worthwhile to spend more of the money in order to have the

children better educated.

First, as there are more than 40 or even 50 students in a class, in most cases,

teachers can not take care of all the students in class. Therefore many students have

to attend spare time classes or even go to the tutors to make up for this.

Second, we are now in the 21st century. With the development of society, only those

who have a good education are more likely to get good jobs. So the more we learn now,

the more chances we will have in the future. Of course we will get a high pay.

In a word, spending money on education is certainly rewarding.

III. Post-task ( Each composition 120-150 words)

请你谈谈在学习上遇到困难时，如何想办法去解决，如何克服这些困难？

IV. Sentence patterns:

I think/believe that?

The point is that?.

In my opinion?

From my point of view?

As for me?

As far as I am concerned?

We must recognize that?

There is no doubt that?

The main reason is that?

As we all know?

V. Summary: VI. Assignment: ( Each composition 120-150 words)

1.每一位高三的学生都面临着巨大的压力。对压力，高三的学生看法不一，有的害怕

压力；但有的却认为压力不是件坏事。请你谈谈你的看法。

2 .2010年世博会将在上海举行。为了办好这次国际盛会，上海市将进一步改善环境。

与此同时， 提高市民的素质和修养也势在必行，因为文明的举止在国际交往中非

常重要。作为年轻人，我们自身也存在着一些不文明行为。请例举你所观察到的2-3

种不文明行为（如：大小便后不及时冲刷；随地乱扔纸屑、废物；随地吐痰；插队?）

并就此做出评论或提出建议。

Feed-back

高考英语书面表达常用词汇句型集锦

▲举例：for example，for instance，take?for example，such as，like，and so on，so on and so forth，

and so on and on and on， etc.等。

▲说明：that's to say，in other words，namely，等。

▲因果：so，for，therefore，as a result，thus，because，because of，thanks to?，owing to?，due to ?

等

▲递进：then，besides，in addition， furthermore，moreover， what's more等。

▲顺序：firstly， secondly，thirdly， finally；in the first place，in the second place， in the third place，

To begin with，then，furthermore，finally；to start with， next， in addition，finally；first and foremost

besides， last but not least；most important of all，moreover，finally（以上为时间顺序）

in the front of，in front of ?，before， behind， at the back of， on the right/left（of），to

the right /left of?，on the other side of ?，in the center of ?，in the middle of ?，at the

beginning of ，

at the end of ?，by the side of ?，on the top of ?，at the foot of ?，on the bottom of，

inside，outside， upstairs， downstairs（以上为空间顺序）

▲转折：nevertheless，however，although， though， but，on the country，after all， oppositely等。 ▲总结： in short， in a word， in general， generally speaking， finally，at last，as far as I know，

in brief， briefly speaking， in the end， as a matter of fact， in reality， in fact， on the whole，

in conclusion， on account of this， therefore等。

▲强调： really， indeed，certainly，surely，for sure， above all等。

▲对比： in the same way，just as，in common with， compared with，

on the one hand?on the other hand， for one thing? for another，similarly等。

▲平行：and，both?and，as well as，as well，neither?nor?or，either?or，not only?but also等。

二、书面表达的常考常用句型在实际的英语写作中，我们应该掌握一些常用的句型以便在实战中发

挥作用。高考英语书面表达的句式基本上都是简单句，就是复合句也大都是极普通的常用句式或句

型。先讨论简单句的使用情况。所谓简单句式在英语中无非是三种基本句型及其扩充。

一类是S.+V.+O.式，例如，①I like English and computer best. （NMET1996）

②I started school from 1984 to 1990.（NMET1996）

二类是S.+V.+Adv.式，例如，① My parents live in the country.（NMET1993）

②The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. （NMET1997）

三类是S.+V.+Pre. 例如，①My name is Li Hua.（NMET1996）

②The playground is now in front of the school.（NMET1999）

③It was 7：15 on the morning of February 8，2000. （NMET2000）

高考英语书面表达中的复合句式多为带时间状语从句的复合句和带宾语从句的复合句，其他如强调

句型、带定语从句的复合句、带主语从句的复合句、 条件句、让步或转折的句式等， 也是常见常

用常考的复合句形式。有些复合句式几乎年年都考。复合句虽可化简，但就一篇文章而言，若全是

简单句，无一复合句或难句起采，难见考生功力，得高分就不容易了。所以，该用复合句或难句表

现的，而且自信没什么问题，就应大胆写出来， 考生切记。

1. 带时间状语从句的复合句①

②It's also possible a pickpocket stole your money while you were shopping. （2004北京卷）

这类时间状语从句不仅考得频繁，而且连词when， while， as， before， after甚至by the time

都考到了，时态上现在时、过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时等都出现了。而且有些年份带时间状

语从句的复合句还同时出现多次。因此我们建议广大考生应加强训练这类复合句，在高考中尽量少

犯错误。

2. 带宾语从句的复合句

①I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent， and how well you've learned Chinese. （NMET2004， I）

②I am so sorry that I won't be able to attend the lecture on American history tomorrow afternoon.

（NMET2004， III）

③I would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better

hometown in future. （2004江苏卷）

3. 带定语从句的复合句

①If there is anything I can do for you， I would be more than glad to help. （NMET2004， I）

②As is shown on Chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. （2004北京卷）

篇二：无私奉献高考四类英语作文如何应对

词·清平乐

禁庭春昼，莺羽披新绣。

百草巧求花下斗，只赌珠玑满斗。

日晚却理残妆，御前闲舞霓裳。谁道腰肢窈窕，折旋笑得君王。

高考四类英语作文如何应对

图表作文

1.仔细审题，看懂图表的意思，整理要点，决定语言形式；

2.开头直截了当，尽快入题，不要拐弯抹角，拖泥带水；

3.行文一般以10个句子为宜。若用少于8句话来表达，句子容易表达不清；若用多于10句话来描述，则句子零乱与琐碎，文章缺乏整体感；

4.用最有把握的词语句型将规定内容加以表达，并根据图表大意议论；

5.应按照合理顺序，适当使用一些过渡性的连接词，将句子连珠成串；

6.结尾要干净利落，既不能拉杂，也不能草率，要显得自然，恰当得体。

提示议论文

文章开头，能依据提示确立主题句(topic)阐明观点或看法；使用连接词分层次说明理由、缘由(supporting sentences)；归纳总结，首尾呼应。做到论点正确无误；论据可靠充分。论据可以是人们公认的真理，也可以是经过实践考证的经典著作；论证合理严密。常用论证法有归纳法、推理法、对比法。

记叙文

一般说来有时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果六要素，写作时要明白清楚地给予表达。记人时，要注意介绍人物的身世、经历和事迹等。叙事时要描写事情发生

与发展的过程。

应用文

主要以写信为主。英文书信由6个部分组成。它们是信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语、签字。格式一定要正确。信的正文和写文章一样，要分段写，每一段有一个中心思想。

四步打造高分英语作文

Step1：确定文体

常用文体有记叙文、说明文，还有应用文如书信等。近几年的高考书面表达多以应用文为主，提供的形式多以图画、提纲、表格出现，书写的格式大都是书信、通知。所以，考生还应该掌握信的称呼、开头、正文、结尾、签名等方面，另外，口头通知和书面通知的不同要清楚。总之，考生应根据写作提示分析材料，确定文体，闯过第一关。

Step2：确定时态和人称

考生要根据选好的文体和写作内容确定时态。一般来说，记人叙事多用一般过去时；发布通知多用一般将来时和祈使句式；发表议论大多用带有情态动词的一般现在时；人物介绍、现状说明常用一般现在时和现在完成时。定准时态后接下来一定要知道各时态的构成及用法要点，但要记住，写作时时态并不惟一，要依据表达内容而选定。

Step3：确定所需主要词汇和所用表达结构

在以上“两确定”的基础上，应该根据文章体裁和内容逐个地确定写作要点。对

于图画和图表可在草稿纸上用中文列出。理清要点，然后选词造句，对列出的要点逐一翻译。这时要注意力求语言准确得当。平时写作要多进行发散思维，如是用very sorry还是terribly sorry；是surprised还是aston-ished。同时考生应学会尽可能使用较高级的语法结构和词汇，如非谓语动词、复合句等。最大限度地完美文章。 Step4：整理成篇 行文连贯

接下来要根据内容分清文章的层次，确定详略，将写好的单句要重新排列组合起来，使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然，行文流畅。另外，根据内容编排，该分段时要分段，使表达清楚，一目了然。行云流水，整齐划一，闯过写作第四关。

图表作文模板

as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), __作文题目的议题__ has been on rise/ decrease(goes

up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily

rising/decreasing from__ in __ to __ in __. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that __.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for __. On the one hand, __. On the other hand, __ is due to the fact that __.In addition, __ is responsible for __.Maybe there are some other reasons to show __.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. As far as I am concerned,I hold the point of view that __. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

议论文模板

(1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

( 3 ) 答题性议论文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.

Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目_(来自:WwW.ZW2.CN 爱作文 网)_____, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.

( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文

It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance

and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )

A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.

With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..

应用文(申请信)模板

Your address

Month, Date, year

Receiver's address

Dear ...,

I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.

.../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference. I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

Best regards for your health and success.

Sincerely yours,

X X X

更多类型的作文模板

主题：高考英语话题作文模版：话题作文

Nowadays, there are more and more (某种现象) in (某种场合). It is estimated that (相关数据). Why have there been so many (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is (原因一). Besides, (原因二). The third one is (原因三). To sum up, the main cause of (某种现象) is due to (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, (解决办法一). On the other hand, (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the number of (某种现象).

篇三：无私奉献2008年高考英语作文写作的一些实用技巧

词·清平乐

禁庭春昼，莺羽披新绣。

百草巧求花下斗，只赌珠玑满斗。

日晚却理残妆，御前闲舞霓裳。谁道腰肢窈窕，折旋笑得君王。

2008年高考英语作文写作的一些实用技巧

（一）掌握技巧：

（1）注意篇章结构，合理布局

开始部分（opening paragraph）——说出文中的要点、核心问题。

正文部分（Body paragraphs）——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。

结尾部分（concluding paragraphs）——对全文的总结和概括。

要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容.

（2）确定主题句

主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。

写主题句应注意以下几点：

①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点

②提炼出一句具有概括性的话

③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。

（二）巧用连接词

要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词

表示罗列增加

First, second, third,First, then / next, after that / next, finally

For one thing … for another…,

On (the) one hand…on the other hand,

Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another /also,

Especially / In particular,

表示时间顺序

now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment from now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,

表示解释说明

now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually

表示转折关系

but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,

表示并列关系

or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or,

neither …nor

表示因果关系

because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that

表示条件关系

as (so) long as, on condition that, if , unless

表示让步关系

though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)

表示举例

for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example

表示比较

be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with

(to)…just like, just as,

表示目的

for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,

表示强调

in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all,

表示概括归纳

in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,

（三）掌握常用句型：

里面有很多，下面只列举比较常用的。

1. in order to

为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。

He worked very hard in order to realize his dream. 2. in order that

她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。

She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..

3. so…that

他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。

They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.

4. such…that

天气非常冷，以致于街上一个人都没有。

It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.

5. would rather do…than do

他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。

He would rather listen to others than talk himself.

6. prefer doing to doing

他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。

He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.

7. prefer to do…rather than do

比起女人，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。

Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.

8. not only…but also

在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。

In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.

9. either r…or

如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。

You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.

10. Neither…nor

他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。

He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.

11. as well as

他善良又乐于助人。

He was kind as well as helpful.

12. …as well

这个小孩活泼又可爱。

The child is active and funny as well.

13. One…the other

你看见桌子上有两只笔吗？一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的。

Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.

14. Some…others

每个人都很忙，有些在读书，有些在写作。

Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.

15. make…+adj /n

我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。

What we do will make the world more beautiful.

16. not…until

直到他告诉我发生的事，我才了解真相。

I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.

17. as if

他夸夸其谈好像什么事都知道。

He talks a lot as if he knows everything.

18. It is no use (good) doing…

假装不懂规则是行不通的。

It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.

19. find it + adj to do…

我觉得作听力时有必要作笔记。

I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.

20. It is + time since…

我已经有两年没见他了。

It is two years since I last met him.

21. It is + time when…

我到电影院时已经八点钟了。

It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.

22. It is + time before…

不久我们就会再见面的。

I won’t be long before we can meet again.

23. It is…that…

我最珍视的是友谊。

It is friendship that I value most.

24. It is + n / adj + that / to do…

每个人都必须懂得如何使用计算机

It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.

2008万能高考英语作文模板

作文是英语知识水平的综合素质体现，它要求同学们既要有扎实的语言基本功，又要具备一定的审题能力、想象能力、表达能力、评价能力及书法排版能力。因为基本功不扎实，多数同学在作文时总会出现这样或者那样的问题，例如，文体不符、词汇误用、句子单一等，造成作文的得分较低，影响了总的英语成绩。因此，作文能力不强一直是同学们比较普遍的问题。其实归结起来，作文“缺钙”一共有四类症状，深入地剖析这些症状，就能找到作文偏科的根本原因，同时写作时适当地套用一些模板，给写作能力“缺钙”的同学好好进补。

症状一文体格式混乱

【表现】

读了作文要求之后，提笔就写——明明要求写一封表达建议的书信，结果写成了议论文；或者明明要求写说明文，偏偏写成了记叙文；或者总算文体没有弄错，结果写通知误用日记的格式，写书信又误用通知的格式。

【症结】

平时缺乏作文文体方面的针对性训练，对英语作文的几种常用文体及其相应的写作格式不熟悉，拿到写作材料习惯性地对写作要求一扫而过，提笔就写自己最熟悉的格式。

【突破之道】明确文体和对应格式

常用文体有记叙文、说明文、议论文还有应用文等。近几年的高考书面表达多以应用文为主，提供的形式多以图画、提纲、表格出现，书写的格式大都是书信、通知。所以，同学们应该掌握书信的称呼、开头、正文、结尾、签名等方面，另外，口头通知和书面通知的不同要清楚。总之，同学们应根据写作提示分析材料，明确写作文体和其相应的格式。

症状二 时态人称混乱

【表现】

作文时，时态和人称运用混乱——时态方面，要么整篇文章都是一种时态（以一般现在时、一般过去时居多），要么就是一段甚至一句话中出现三种以上的时态；人称方面，要么文章开头是第一人称，写到文中甚至文末就成了第二、第三人称，要么前面是单数人称，写着写着就变成复数人称。

【症结】 英语基础知识不牢固，对英语中时态和人称所代表的含义及其运用掌握不足，因此无法根据文体来选择正确的时态和人称而滥用或者混用。

【突破之道】 明确时态和人称

同学们要根据选好的文体和写作内容确定时态和人称。一般来说，记人叙事多用一般过

去时；发布通知多用一般将来时和祈使句式；发表议论大多用带有情态动词的一般现在时；人物介绍、现状说明常用一般现在时和现在完成时。定准时态后接下来一定要知道各时态的构成及用法要点，但要记住，写作时时态并不唯一，要依据表达内容而选定正确的时态。人称方面则要注意前后统一，避免出现前后人称属性或者单复数不一致的情况。

症状三 词汇运用混乱

【表现】

经常出现乱用词语的现象，同时使用一些较难的、较长的、用法不熟悉的单词，或者明明用一些简单的词汇就能够很清楚地表达意思，偏偏要选择一些难度较大的、不常用的表达方式。

【症结】

写作时对文章的脉络把握不足就匆匆下笔，对其中所需的词汇和常用表达方式理解记忆不牢固。平时练习时，习惯性地忽略一些形式简单但用途较广泛的基本词汇和表达方式，喜欢选择复杂的词汇和表达方式。

【突破之道】确定所需主要词汇和所用表达结构

应该根据文章体裁和内容逐个确定写作要点。对于图画和图表可在草稿纸上用中文列出并理清要点，然后选词造句，要注意语言的准确得当，力求用最简洁的话表达准确的意思。同时，平时写作要多进行发散思维，例如，是用ｖｅｒｙ ｓｏｒｒｙ还是ｔｅｒｒｉｂｌｙｓｏｒｒｙ，是ｓｕｒｐｒｉｓｅｄ还ａｓｔｏｎｉｓｈｅｄ。同学们应学会尽可能避免使用较高级的语法结构和词汇，如非谓语动词、复合句等，以免造成过失性失分.

症状四语序句序混乱

【表现】

作文的语序、句序混乱，通常这里写一点，跳过去又另起一点，这样造成要么文章洋洋洒洒一大篇却全是废话，没有中心和重点，什么都没有表达清楚；要么通篇没有适当的过渡词、句，整篇文章一“逗”到底，密密麻麻让人找不着北。

【症结】

平时练习时不注意表达的连贯性，想到哪里就写到哪里，写作之前没有列提纲的习惯，不去深入思索怎样表达才能达到最好的效果，从而造成整篇文章逻辑思维混乱，层次不清晰。

【突破之道】 整理成篇 行文连贯

同学们应该根据写作内容列好简要提纲，分清文章的层次，确定详略，写好的单句要重新排列组合起来，使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。同时选用恰当的关联词或句子使文章过渡自然，行文流畅。另外，该分段时要分段，这样文章才能中心突出，一目了然，整篇作文才能如行云流水般整齐划一。