还有一个问题；英语作文第二段（中心段）一般怎么写啊

还有一个问题；英语作文第二段（中心段）一般怎么写啊
还有一个问题；英语作文第二段（中心段）一般怎么写啊

还有一个问题；英语作文第二段（中心段）一般怎么写啊
How to Write the topic sentence
I. The Writing of topic sentence 分主题句的写法
★ 主题句支持主旨句并由段内其他句子支持
★ 主题句对段落而言要有概括力 而对主旨而言要有体现力
分主题的写作 ① 分主题论题 topic 具体观点主旨的某一具体体现 ①分主题 论题 topic 具体观点 E.g. 1 Is It Wise to Make Friends Online?
分主题 --Making friends online(论题) might result in lacking communication with friends in real life(具体观点). --Making friends online(论题) may help us enlarge our circle of friends considerably(具体观点). ①分主题 论题 topic (具体观点)
E.g. 2 A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television (分主题 )-- The major
advantage of TV advertising lies in its efficiency in message conveyance. -- The
major disadvantage of TV advertising lies in its negative influence on young
children.
② 观点不能过于宽泛 E.g. 3 --- Making friends online is helpful. 观点过于宽泛可改为 ---
Making friends online is helpful in broadening our friend circle. ② 观点不能重复
E.g. 4 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood --- The first reason is that we
need to keep a good mood. 观点过于重复可将其具体化为 ---Firstly we need to keep a good mood to build harmonious interpersonal relationship. ---We need to keep a good mood
first to keep us healthy both physically and mentally.
Exercises 1. Cellphone is very important to our life. means of communication/ entertainment
way of getting information 2. Women’s role is more difficult to play than that
of men. constant physical troubles social troubles ③ 分主题要有足够的概括性 非论证过程或详细的描写
E.g. 5 ---Firstly the most popular function of a cellphone is that we can send
SMS to fulfill an instant contact with others. 观点为具体细节非命题形式的论点可改为 --- Firstly
communication is the most popular function of a cellphone. We can send SMS to
fulfill an instant contact with others anywhere and at ay time. E.g. 6 --- First a 100-year-old man was reported to do physical exercise every day. He said that it is sports that make him stay healthy. 分论题为具体描述非命题形式的论点应作为论据论点可为 --- Physical exercise helps to keep ourselves healthy.
④ 分主题的表达要避免主观性 E.g. 7 --- In this paragraph I will talk about why people go to
college. --- People have many complex reasons for going to college.
E.g. 8 --- In my opinion everyone should exercise. --- Everyone should exercise to reduce stress maintain a healthy weight and feel better overall. E.g. 8 --- I think students’ education fees are much too high. --- Students’ education fees need to be explained and justified.
⑤ 分主题的表达形式要规范 1 分主题要用 完整的句子 表达 2 分主题最好用 陈述句 表达
E.g. ---Why should we keep a good mood under whatever circumstance First to be calm
enough to make decisions. 可改为 ---The first reason for us to keep a good mood
under whatever circumstance is that it can help us calm down to make sensible
decision.E.g. 10 ---Why shouldn’t we keep healthy by doing regular exercise 反意疑问句 反意疑问句表述内容带有强烈主观情感 可改为 ---We should keep healthy by doing regular exercise. ⑥ 分主题的表达要兼顾行文的连贯与衔接 保证行文连贯性的关键 ★ 主旨的重复或变体 分论点 E.g. 11 The Best Way to Stay Healthy Thesis Statement: ---The best way to stay healthy is to keep a balanced diet. Topic sentences: --- The first reason for a balance
diet as the best way to stay healthy is that….. --- That a balanced diet is the best way to stay healthy also lies in that….. --- We insist on a balanced diet as the best way to stay healthy also because….. Exercises: Writing of Topic Sentences添加合适的主题句 1________________________________________. We youngsters have
many strong feelings about the world around us. Popular songs are a best way for
us to express them. Rock music for example can easily evoke the resonance in
young people. When we feel low in spirit it can let our feelings out and fan the
spark of life in our heart. When we feel sad or worried some slow but soft
popular music may soothe us. 2
___________________________________________________. Studying abroad a young
student has to take care of himself which seems more difficult for the one who
has been used to being cared by parents at home. Also he has to bear the
pressure to understand the difficult academic knowledge in a strange language.
Furthermore he has to face with the financial difficulty.
3_________________________ ____________________________. once we lingered over
every word of a classic novel or the latest best-seller. Today since faster is
better we read the condensed version. Once we listened to every note of
Beethoven’s Fifth symphony. Today we don’t have the time instead we can enjoy 26
seconds of that famous “da-da-da-DUM” theme. Our magazine articles come to us
predigested in Reader’s Digest. Even our personal relationships have become
compressed. How to develop the topic sentence 分主题拓展方法 主题拓展法
1对比比较法 对比比较法有两种模式 模式
① 先 A1 B1 然后 A2 B2 模式 ②先 A1 A2 然后 B1 B2 主题拓展法1对比比较法 例文TEM 4 1996: 作文指令 You have been asked by the student’s Union to write a passage entitled The Main
Difference between College Life and Middle School Life as apart of an
introduction program for new students coming in September. 主题拓展法1对比比较法 First
paragraph: 1 总—引school life 2 分—限middle school life college life 3 分—限difference
between college life and middle school life 4 提the main difference bet. C.L.
MS.L. I prefer college life to middle school life because I am free in the
college. A1 Firstly in the college I can enjoy the freedom to make decisions.
After classes I am free I can decide what to do and how to do it on my will and
out of my interest. No one “orders” me to do extra exercises or to attend
countless non-interesting “interest-oriented classes”. A2 Secondly in the
college I appreciate the free atmosphere of study. I am free to discuss various
problems with my teachers. No one scolds me when I argue against his or her
opinions. No one criticizes me “neglecting business” when I consult with my
instructors over some topics on philosophy politics etc. However B1 in the
middle school I had no freedom to decide what to do because attending college is
the only dream of my parents and my teachers. B2 In middle school I did not dare
to argue with my teachers for they had the standard answers to the questions.
主题拓展法2举例法 举例的目的 把复杂抽象的事理具体化更具说服性 采用举例法必须符合的三个原则 1所举事例要具有典型性 2所举事例要具有和主题的连贯性
3所举事例必须繁简得当 主题拓展法2举例法 1所举事例要具有典型性 例文 1 I have a neighbor a 20-year-old girl. She
is very beautiful with well-proportioned figure and bright eyes. But
unfortunately you cannot say that she is attractive because you are always
surprised at her harsh voice and quarrels with other people over minor matters.
So we cannot judge a person according to his or her appearance. 主题拓展法2举例法
1所举事例要具有典型性 例文 2It is absolutely true that we cannot judge a person by his
appearance. Li Zhaoxing the former diplomacy minister is not as handsome as Zhou
Enlai and not as tall and sturdy as Zhu Rongji. But when he unyieldingly
declares the China’s stance on the issue of “embassy attack” when he strongly
warns Japanese government of Taiwan affairs and when we witness his great
efforts and diplomacy wits in promoting China’s entrance of WTO we can’t help
being attracted by his special charming and admitting that a person can not be
judged by his or her appearance. 主题拓展法2举例法 2所举事例要和主题具有连贯性 How to create the
coherence ---使用适当的衔接手段说明例子和主题之间的关系如 例子叙述完后要有适当的评论把事例中最能体现主题的地方突显出来 主题拓展法2举例法
2所举事例要和主题具有连贯性 例文3 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood My view that keeping a
good mood is important lies in two important reasons. The first reason is
keeping a good mood can keep people in high spirit when in difficulties. Let’s
take San Lan for example. Although she is a disabled person nothing can stop her
completing university career and being a successful person in trouble. 主题拓展法2举例法
2所举事例要和主题具有连贯性 例文3 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood My view that keeping a
good mood is important lies in two important reasons. The first reason is
keeping a good mood can keep people in high spirit when in difficulties. Let’s
take San Lan for example. Although she is a disabled person nothing can stop her
completing university career and being a successful person in trouble. One
important reason is that she treats life as a journey of happiness and with such
a good mood she has the courage to overcome difficulties and makes great
progress in her life. 主题拓展法2正反结合论证法 对于一个论点 ---正面提出论据
---假设如果“不满足某个要求”“不安某个原则行事”就会有什么后果 主题拓展法2正反结合论证法 There are two reasons to support
my point of view. The first reason is that keeping a good mood can help us stay
healthy. It is written in a Chinese traditional medical book that various
negative moods and behaviors will have a bad influence on various parts of our
body. For example if we are easy to get angry we are likely to have our liver
hurt. If we are gloomy for a long time our kidneys are easily hurt. If we keep a
good mood we would have a less chance to suffer them. Another reason why……