虚拟语气 条件状语从句 宾语从句在虚拟语气,条件状语从句,宾语从句中 主句和从句的时态搭配是怎样的?

虚拟语气 条件状语从句 宾语从句在虚拟语气,条件状语从句,宾语从句中 主句和从句的时态搭配是怎样的?
虚拟语气 条件状语从句 宾语从句
在虚拟语气,条件状语从句,宾语从句中 主句和从句的时态搭配是怎样的?

虚拟语气 条件状语从句 宾语从句在虚拟语气,条件状语从句,宾语从句中 主句和从句的时态搭配是怎样的?
在虚拟语气中状语从句：
例：If I were a bird,I would fly in the sky.
这句中If I were a bird是从句,I would fly in the sky是主句
一般这种情况分三种
1,与现在事实相反
就是我刚才造的那个句子
记住,从句格式是If+主语+动词过去式
主句格式是主语+情态动词（一般是should或would）后面跟状语
2,与过去事实相反
例：If I had got up early this morning,I would have caught that bus.
这里表示如果早上我早些起床,我就能赶上那班汽车了,也就是说,现在的时间肯定是在早上之后,他并没有赶上汽车,与过去事实相反正确的结构应该是从句：If+主语+过去完成时态 主句：主语+情态动词（一般是would或should）+现在完成时态
3,与将来事实相反
例：If it rained tomorrow,I would stay at home.
记住,有一种情况,与将来事实相反和与现在事实相反是一样的,当然后面也可以跟祈使句,比如你可以说,If it should rain tomorrow,don't call me也是可以的（但是祈使句只能和should搭配）还有一种是从句：If+主语+were to+动词原形,主句后面一样~
宾语从句中
你就要去背了
像一些命令的动词,比如order,command
建议：suggest,propose,advise,move,recommend要求：ask,demand,request,desire等等,去背吧
虚拟语气中这些词一旦出现
后面肯定是跟should do（动词原形）
should也可以省略
就是这样搭配了
还是建议你多去看看语法书,书上是比较彻底的
这样讲毕竟是片面了一点,只能讲个大概,往深了去就要靠自己了,还有很多细节上的问题,得自己去琢磨,才会知道~

英语中的虚拟语气
1） 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2） 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
1.真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其...

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英语中的虚拟语气
1） 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2） 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
1.真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型：条件从句 主句
一般现在时 shall/will/can/may/etc. + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his violin.
典型例题
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：
1） 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.
2） 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
2.非真实条件句
1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should/would/could/might+动词原形
If they were here, they would help you.
b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句 主句
过去完成时 should/would/could/might have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.
If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.
c. 表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时/were+ 不定式/should+ 动词原形 should/would/could/might+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
3.混合条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
语气是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。虚拟语气表示说话者的主观愿望、假想和建议等，所说的话有的与现在事实相反，或与过去事实相反，或与将来事实相反或与将来事实可能相反。所以虚拟语气总是与假设条件句用在一起。除了if条件句外，还有几种常用的条件句，短语也可表示条件。此外，上下文也能创造虚拟的语言环境。但有时条件从句与结果主句可能发生时间不一致，有时虚拟语气会出现倒装情况。除了与条件句在一起使用的主句用虚拟语气外，有些宾语从句或表语从句也有用虚拟语气的情况。
I虚拟语气的形式与基本用法
一、虚拟语气的形式
虚拟(条件)语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面四类
假设类型
条件从句谓语
动词形式
主语谓语
动词形式
与现在事实相反
条件从句的谓语：动词的过去式(be用were/was均可，但were更正式)
主句谓语：would(could,might,第一人称可用should)+动词原形
与过去事实相反
条件从句的谓语：had+ -ed分词
主句谓语：would(could,might,第一人称可用should)+have + -ed分词
与将来事实相反
条件从句的谓语：were to + 动词原形 或用过去式（be用were而不用was）
主句谓语：would(could,might，第一人称可用should)+动词原形
与将来事实可能相反
条件从句的谓语：should + 动词原形
主句谓语：would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形
二、虚拟语气的基本用法
1. 与现在的事实相反
1) What type of automobile would you buy ？
〔A〕 if you have free choice to choose the cars available today
〔B〕 if you are free to choose among all the cars available today
〔C〕 if all cars available were free to be chosen by you
〔D〕 if you were free to choose among all the cars available today
2. 与过去的事实相反(有时主句中的should have done表示责备或后悔)
2) ，he would have come to class.
〔A〕 If Mike is able to finish his homework
〔B〕 Would Mike be able to finish his homework
〔C〕 If Mike could finish his homework
〔D〕 If Mike had been able to finish his homework
3) If the United States had not entered the Second World War，probably the 1940 unemployment rate of 14％ still further.
〔A〕 would rise
〔B〕 would risen
〔C〕 would have risen
〔D〕 had risen
改错
4) Top?grade 〔A〕 diamonds had not 〔B〕 increased so sharply 〔C〕 in value in the late seventies 〔D〕 if one company had not controlled almost all of the world’s supply.
3. 与将来的事实相反
5) The report would be 〔A〕 released last January if new developments had not 〔B〕 made it necessary to revise all conclusions drawn from 〔C〕 the first series of 〔D〕 experiments.
6) It is said Tom will go to an appointment tommorrow. If he were to come tomorrow, I ——ask him to go to your place.
〔A〕 will
〔B〕 would
〔C〕 shall
〔D〕 might
7) If you to see Mary，what would you—— tell her?
〔A〕 are
〔B〕 will be going
〔C〕 must
〔D〕 were
4. 与将来的事实可能相反
(1) If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 要是万一 明天下雨，我就呆在家里不出去。 事实上 现在天气很好，明天下雨的可能性应该不大，不过也说不准。
(2) If I should see her next Monday, I would tell her about it. 如果下周一我能见到她的话我就把这件事告诉她。
三、例题解析
1) D为正确答案。
2) D为正确答案。
3) C为正确答案。
4) B错。改为would have not。
5) A错。改为would have been。
6) B为正确答案。
7) D为正确答案。
II 虚拟语气的特殊表现形式
一、表示“好像”：除了if条件从句外，由as if和as though等引导的状语从句表示方式时，意思是“好像”,这时从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气。其动词形式用过去时(be用were的形式)表示所说的与现在的事实相反；用过去完成时表示所说的与过去的事实相反
1) Violetta has a curious 〔A〕 expression on 〔B〕 her face as though she was smiling 〔C〕 about something that amused her 〔D〕 .
二、特殊连词的需要：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句(这时谓语多用should＋加动词原形)
We dare not play jokes on Mr. Wang lest he should become angry. (我们不敢跟王先生开玩笑，恐怕他生气。)
He hurried on, lest he should drop out in the forced match. (他加紧步伐，生怕在急行军中掉队。)
Every attention must be paid to him lest he (should) feel that he is inferior to my other guests. (我对他特别关照，唯恐他感觉到比我的其他客人低人一等。)
He’s working hard for fear that he should fail in the exam. (他加紧学习唯恐考试不及格。)

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