主谓宾定状补到底该如何分辨,语文与英语,我需要多一点题目,财富值多少都可以,但希望答案是准确的!
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主谓宾定状补到底该如何分辨,语文与英语,我需要多一点题目,财富值多少都可以,但希望答案是准确的!
主谓宾定状补到底该如何分辨,语文与英语,我需要多一点题目,财富值多少都可以,但希望答案是准确的!
主谓宾定状补到底该如何分辨,语文与英语,我需要多一点题目,财富值多少都可以,但希望答案是准确的!
一、句子成分
(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分.句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语.
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首.但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面.主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示.一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当. 例如:
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)
We often speak English in class.(代词)
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)
Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)
The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)
It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态.动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后.一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当. 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成.如:He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成.注意:这里面的动词原形非常重要. 如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成.如:We are students.
(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后.表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示.一句话语法: 表语使用形容词,不用副词! 例如:
Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)
Is it yours?(代词)
The weather has turned cold.(形容词)
The speech is exciting.(分词)
Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)
His job is to teach English.(不定式)
His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)
The machine must be out of order.(介词短语)
Time is up. The class is over.(副词)注意: 副词可以做表语的只有几个,非常简单,考试不考,所以上面说:表语使用形容词,不用副词! 我们所复习的语法直接针对高考,不是搞语法研究,这点请大家一定要记住.
The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)
(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面.一句话语法:宾语由名词性的词充当,宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语,分别构成动宾结构和介词结构,这点非常重要,务必要牢记.例如:
They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)
The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(代词)
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)
He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语)
I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)
I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)
宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.如果同学搞不清楚什么是双宾语,记下下面这个句子: give me a book.一人一物做宾语就是双宾语.说得白一点,双就是两个的意思.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.
(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整.带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补).宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当.一句话语法: 宾语补足语使用形容词,不用副词.例如:
His father named him Dongming.(名词)
They painted their boat white.(形容词)
Let the fresh air in.(副词)
You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)
We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)
We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)
We will soon make our city what your city is now.(从句)
(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语.一句话语法:定语使用形容词 定语可由以下等成分表示:
Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)
China is a developing country; America is a developed country.(分词)
There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)
His rapid progress in English made us surprised.(代词)
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.(动名词)
He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语)
(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子(这个就叫状语,一句话语法: 状语用副词,不用形容词),说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语.可由以下形式表示:
Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)
He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语)
He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)
Wait a minute.(名词)
Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)
状语种类如下:
How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)(表示时间就是时间状语,那表示原因的呢? 对喽,就是原因状语)
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)
Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)
She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)
I am taller than he is.(比较状语)
一、句子成分
(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容...
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一、句子成分
(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当. 例如:
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)
We often speak English in class.(代词)
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)
Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)
The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)
It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当. 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。注意:这里面的动词原形非常重要. 如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.
(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。一句话语法: 表语使用形容词,不用副词! 例如:
Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)
Is it yours?(代词)
The weather has turned cold.(形容词)
The speech is exciting.(分词)
Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)
His job is to teach English.(不定式)
His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)
The machine must be out of order.(介词短语)
Time is up. The class is over.(副词)注意: 副词可以做表语的只有几个,非常简单,考试不考,所以上面说:表语使用形容词,不用副词! 我们所复习的语法直接针对高考,不是搞语法研究,这点请大家一定要记住.
The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)
(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。一句话语法:宾语由名词性的词充当,宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语,分别构成动宾结构和介词结构,这点非常重要,务必要牢记.例如:
They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)
The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(代词)
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)
He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语)
I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)
I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)
宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.如果同学搞不清楚什么是双宾语,记下下面这个句子: give me a book.一人一物做宾语就是双宾语.说得白一点,双就是两个的意思.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.
(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。一句话语法: 宾语补足语使用形容词,不用副词.例如:
His father named him Dongming.(名词)
They painted their boat white.(形容词)
Let the fresh air in.(副词)
You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)
We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)
We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)
We will soon make our city what your city is now.(从句)
(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。一句话语法:定语使用形容词 定语可由以下等成分表示:
Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)
China is a developing country; America is a developed country.(分词)
There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)
His rapid progress in English made us surprised.(代词)
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.(动名词)
He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语)
(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子(这个就叫状语,一句话语法: 状语用副词,不用形容词),说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:
Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)
He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语)
He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)
Wait a minute.(名词)
Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)
状语种类如下:
How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)(表示时间就是时间状语,那表示原因的呢? 对喽,就是原因状语)
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)
Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)
She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)
I am taller than he is.(比较状语)
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划分句子成分
1.什么是句子
句子是由词或词组构成的,是具有一定语调并表达一个完整意思的语言运用单位。根据用途和语气,句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。根据结构可分为单句和复句。
2.句子成分的名称及符号
名称:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
符号:主语 = 谓语 - 宾语 ~
定语 ( ) 状语 [ ] 补语 < >
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划分句子成分
1.什么是句子
句子是由词或词组构成的,是具有一定语调并表达一个完整意思的语言运用单位。根据用途和语气,句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。根据结构可分为单句和复句。
2.句子成分的名称及符号
名称:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
符号:主语 = 谓语 - 宾语 ~
定语 ( ) 状语 [ ] 补语 < >
①句子的基本成分是:主语、谓语、宾语。
补充成分是:定 语、状语、补语。
② 主语部分和谓语部分之间可用‖划开。
3.(1)划分句子成分,首先要研究主语、谓语、宾语。
主语:是谓语陈述的对象,指明说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
谓语:是陈述主语,说明主语的,说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。
宾语:在动词后面,表示动作、行为所涉及的人或事物,回答“谁”或“什么”一类问题。
句子一般有两种情况:写人、写物(写事、写物)。分析句子时,首先判断是“写人”还是“写物”。
①.写人 格式:“谁” + “干 什么”
(主语) (谓语)( 宾语)
例: 杨亚 ‖ 写 字
主 谓 宾
注意:处理复杂的单句时,要抓主干。
例:一中的杨亚║在课桌上写着毛笔字。
主 谓 宾
②.写物
格式:“什么事”或“什么物”+“怎么样”
( 主 语 ) (谓语、宾语)
例: 猫 ‖捉 鱼
主 谓 宾
例:一只小猫‖在盆边捉了一条大鱼
主 谓 宾
注意:“是”为典型的动词,一般是“谓语”。
例如: 他 ‖ 是学生
主 谓 宾
(2).划分句子成分,还要抓住枝干(定语、状语、补语)
定语:在句子中起着修饰、限制主语或宾语中心语的作用。
状语:修饰、限制谓语中心语,一般在谓语中心语前面,有的在句子最前面,交待时间、地点、范围、情况等。
补语:对谓语中心语起补充说明作用,一般放在谓语中心语之后。
例: 画眉 唱 歌
这是一个把主语中心语、谓语中心语、宾语中心语单提出的句子。原句是 “两只美丽的画眉高兴地唱一首歌。”
①.(两只美丽的)画眉
“两只美丽”是 “画眉”——主语中心语的修饰部分,叫“定语”。
②.[高兴]地唱
谓语中心语“唱”前边的修饰、限制成分——“高兴”为“状语”。
③.(一首)歌
宾语中心语“歌”前的修饰、限制部分——“一首”为“定语”。
④.歌唱得<好>
修饰、限制谓语中心语“唱”,并放在它后面的部分——“好”为“补语”。
4.划分句子的口诀:
(1)句子成分要划对, (2)纵观全局找主谓。 (3)主前定状谓后补, (4)谓前只有状地位。 (5)“的”定“地”状“得”后补, (6)宾语只受谓支配。
示例及练习部分
1、鲁班是我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑工匠。
答案:(鲁班)主语(是)谓语(我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑)定语(工匠)宾语。
2、那个时候的社会生产力还十分落后。
答案:(那个时候的)(社会)定语(生产力)主语(还)(十分)状语(落后)谓语。
3、鲁班接受了一项大的建筑工程任务。
答案:(鲁班)主语(接受)谓语(了)状语(一项大的建筑工程)定语(任务)宾语。
4、鲁班从中得到启发。
答案:(鲁班)主语(从中)状语(得到)谓语(启发)宾语。
5、蔡伦出生在一个贫苦的铁匠家里。
答案:(蔡伦)主语(出生)谓语(在一个贫苦的铁匠家里)补语.
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名词和代词一般都作主语,动词一般作谓语