see sb.瞬间动词+do or doingi saw the leaf fall downor i saw the leaf falling downi saw a car hit a big tree or i saw a car hitting a big treeplease explain!Thank 怎么感觉瞬间动词只可以用其中的一种用法?
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see sb.瞬间动词+do or doingi saw the leaf fall downor i saw the leaf falling downi saw a car hit a big tree or i saw a car hitting a big treeplease explain!Thank 怎么感觉瞬间动词只可以用其中的一种用法?
see sb.瞬间动词+do or doing
i saw the leaf fall down
or
i saw the leaf falling down
i saw a car hit a big tree
or
i saw a car hitting a big tree
please explain!Thank
怎么感觉瞬间动词只可以用其中的一种用法?
see sb.瞬间动词+do or doingi saw the leaf fall downor i saw the leaf falling downi saw a car hit a big tree or i saw a car hitting a big treeplease explain!Thank 怎么感觉瞬间动词只可以用其中的一种用法?
i saw the leaf fall down
我看到叶子掉了(叶子已经掉)
i saw a car hit a big tree
我看到车子撞树了(撞得动作结束)
i saw the leaf falling down
我看到叶子正在掉下来(看到叶子掉的过程)
i saw a car hitting a big tree
我正巧看到车子撞树了(整串动作看到了)
除了固定的一些动词被规定为瞬间性动词如make,become,buy,join,arrive,其他动词没有强制必须归于哪一类.
1 瞬间性动词
瞬间性动词在下列几种情况下可以与段时间状语连用:
一、瞬间性动词表示延续性词义时
有些瞬间性动词可以表示延续性词义,这时它们就可以与段时间状语连用了.例如:
I'm going away for a few days.我要出去几天.(go away 表示travel)
I went to Paris for two weeks.我去了巴黎两个星期.(go to表示 visit)
We go to the seaside for a week every August.我们每年八月都要到海滨度过一个星期.(go 表示travel)
She left me waiting in the rain for an hour.她让我在雨里等了一个小时.(leave表示cause sb./ sth.to be or remain in a particular state or position,即"使某人或某物处于某一特定的状态".)
二、瞬间性动词的否定形式
瞬间性动词的否定形式可以表示某一状态,这时,可以与段时间状语连用.例如:
Don't get off until the bus stops.等车停了再下车.(停车之前要处于呆在车上的状态.)
三、瞬间性动词的被动结构
"be+瞬间性动词的过去分词"即系表结构也可以表示状态,因此也可以与段时间状语连用.例如:
They have been married for ten years.他们结婚已经十年了.
The book has been lost for a week.那书已经丢了一周了.
当要表达瞬间性动作发生之后一段时间的概念时,可以有多种不同的表达方式.试比较:
汤姆到了三十分钟了.
方法1:Tom has been here for 30 minutes.
方法2:It's 30 minutes since Tom arrived.
方法3:Tom got here 30 minutes ago.
艾丽丝直到她妈妈回来了才睡觉.
方法1:Alice didn't go to bed until her mother came back.
方法2:Alice stayed up until her mother came back.
你们认识多长时间了?
方法1:How long have you known each other?
方法2:How long ago did you get to know each other?
方法3:How long is it since you got to know each other?
2 延续性动词
一、延续性动词
延续性动词表示的动作不但可以延续,而且可以产生持久的影响.常见的这类动词有:be,have,keep,know,learn,lie,live,read,sing,sleep,stand,stay,wait,walk,watch等.延续性动词的用法很广,但常见于现在完成时中的句子中,且常与for,how,long,since等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用.例如:
1.I have learned more than 1,000 Chinese words since I came to China.
自从来到中国,我已经学会了l,000多个汉字.
2.We have lived in Linqing since we came here.自从来到这儿,我们就一直住在临清.
3.I have kept the picture for about three years.这张画我保存了大约三年.
延续性动词又称持续性动词,它所表示的是一种持续的动作.
延续性动词可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,而非延续性动词不行
举个例子:
(1) How long have you had it?这辆车你买了多久了?
[说明] 在英语中,非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用.所以我们不说“How
long have you bought it?”因为how long 是“多久”的意思,而buy是非延续性动词,二者
不相配.常用的非延续性动词有:become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,
finish,get to know,go,join,leave,marry,start,stop等.为了表达这种意思,我们常用
相应的延续性动词 have,keep 或短语 “be+名词,形容词,位置副词,介词短语” 来代替非
延续动词.如:become---be,begin---have/ be on,borrow---keep,buy---have,
come--- be here/there/in…,die---be dead,finish---be over,join---be in,
leave---be away等.
例如:His father has been dead for one year.(不能用die)
他父亲死了一年了.
My brother has been in the army for two years.(不能用join)
我哥哥参军两年了.
I have kept the book for two weeks.(不能用borrow)
我借这本书两个星期了.
非延续性动词可用与现在完成时态,但由于动作是瞬时间完成的所以不能与for或since引出的时间状语连用.英语中常见的非延续性动词在完成时态中可改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语,这时可与表示一段时间的的状语连用.
do 表示完成
doing表示正在发生
+to表示看到全过程+doing表示看到正在做
1.我看见叶子落下的全过程
2.我看见叶子正在飘落
3.我看见一只猫攻击树的全过程
4.我看见一只猫正在攻击一棵树
do为全过程,
ing为在发生,
多做些练习体会体会,这个不难