谁有泰国简介英语的?尽量写得简单点、易懂,别用翻译,谢拉!

谁有泰国简介英语的?尽量写得简单点、易懂,别用翻译,谢拉!
谁有泰国简介英语的?
尽量写得简单点、易懂,别用翻译,谢拉!

谁有泰国简介英语的?尽量写得简单点、易懂,别用翻译,谢拉!
Geography
Thailand occupies the western half of the Indochinese peninsula and the northern two-thirds of the Malay Peninsula in southeast Asia.Its neighbors are Burma (Myanmar) on the north and west,Laos on the north and northeast,Cambodia on the east,and Malaysia on the south.Thailand is about the size of France.
Government
Constitutional monarchy.
History
The Thais first began settling their present homeland in the 6th century,and by the end of the 13th century ruled most of the western portion.During the next 400 years,they fought sporadically with the Cambodians to the east and the Burmese to the west.Formerly called Siam,Thailand has never experienced foreign colonization.The British gained a colonial foothold in the region in 1824,but by 1896 an Anglo-French accord guaranteed the independence of Thailand.A coup in 1932 demoted the monarchy to titular status and established representative government with universal suffrage.
At the outbreak of World War II,Japanese forces attacked Thailand.After five hours of token resistance Thailand yielded to Japan on Dec.8,1941,subsequently becoming a staging area for the Japanese campaign against Malaya.Following the demise of a pro-Japanese puppet government in July 1944,Thailand repudiated the declaration of war it had been forced to make in 1942 against Britain and the U.S.
By the late 1960s the nation's problems largely stemmed from conflicts brewing in neighboring Cambodia and Vietnam.Although Thailand had received $2 billion in U.S.economic and military aid since 1950 and had sent troops (paid by the U.S.) to Vietnam while permitting U.S.bomber bases on its territory,the collapse of South Vietnam and Cambodia in spring 1975 brought rapid changes in the country's diplomatic posture.At the Thai government's insistence,the U.S.agreed to withdraw all 23,000 U.S.military personnel remaining in Thailand by March 1976.
Three years of civilian government ended with a military coup on Oct.6,1976.Political parties,banned after the coup,gained limited freedom in 1980.The same year,the national assembly elected Gen.Prem Tinsulanonda as prime minister.Prem continued as prime minister following the 1983 and 1986 elections.
Fleeing from Laos,Vietnam,and the murderous regime of Cambodia's Pol Pot,refugees flooded into Thailand in 1978 and 1979.Despite efforts by the United States and other Western countries to resettle them,a total of 130,000 Laotians and Vietnamese were living in camps along the Cambodian border in mid-1980.
On April 3,1981,a military coup against the Prem government failed.Another coup attempt on Sept.9,1985,was crushed by loyal troops after ten hours of fighting in Bangkok.In Feb.1991,yet another coup yielded another junta,which declared a state of emergency and abolished the constitution.A scandal over a land-reform program caused the fall of the government in May 1995.A succession of governments followed.
Following several years of unprecedented economic growth,Thailand's economy,once one of the strongest in the region,collapsed under the weight of foreign debt in 1997.The Thai economy's downfall set off a chain reaction in the region,sparking the Asian currency crisis.The Thai government quickly accepted restructuring guidelines as a condition of the International Monetary Fund's $17 billion bailout.Thailand's economy,while far from completely recovered,continued to improve over the next several years.
Thaksin Shinawatra,head of the Thai Rak Thai Party,became prime minister in Jan.2001.The hugely popular Thaksin,a billionaire telecommunications mogul,was indicted in Dec.2000 on corruption charges but acquitted in Aug.2001.
In Feb.2003,Thaksin announced plans to eliminate the drug trade from Thailand within three months.When the operation concluded at the end of April,nearly 2,300 people had been killed.Government officials claimed responsibility for about 35 of the casualties,blaming drug dealers and gang members for the other deaths.Human rights activists,however,suspected police forces had been overly aggressive in their campaign.
Violence has plagued Thailand's Muslim-dominated southern provinces since the beginning of 2004,with armed insurgents attacking police stations,security stations,and military depots.Nearly 800 people have been killed in the attacks,which officials attribute to Islamic militants.The violence intensified in July 2005,prompting Thaksin to declare a state of emergency in the south.Pattani Province was rocked by attacks in Feb.2007,when some 30 coordinated bombs exploded at bars,hotels,and electricity transmitters.While the insurgents have been vague in explaining their motivation for such attacks,the most recent bombings suggest they are targeting Buddhists as well as other Muslims.
On Dec.26,2004,a tremendously powerful tsunami ravaged 12 Asian countries.Thailand reported about 5,300 casualties.
Thaksin made history in the Feb.2005 elections,becoming the first prime minister to serve two consecutive terms.His Thai Rak Thai Party won in a landslide.He was criticized during his first term for alleged corruption,for failing to control the insurgency in the south,and for an ineffective response to Thailand's avian flu outbreak,but his deft handling of the tsunami crisis increased his popularity in the days leading up to the election.A year later,however,Thaksin faced intense criticism when he sold his family's share of a communications company for nearly $2 billion without paying taxes.About 60,000 demonstrators gathered in Bangkok and called for his resignation.In addition,two of his cabinet members resigned in protest.Facing mounting criticism over the sale,Thaksin dissolved parliament in late February and called for early elections.He announced his resignation in April,just days after his Thai Rak Thai Party won 57% of the vote in national elections.After leaving office for seven weeks,Thaksin again returned to the role of prime minister.
In September,the military,led by Gen.Sondhi Boonyaratkalin,staged a bloodless coup and declared martial law while Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra is at the meeting of the UN General Assembly in New York.In October,Surayud Chulanont,a respected retired general,was sworn in as prime minister.The military council that installed Chulanont announced that a new general election will be held in late 2007,after a new constitution has been written.
In May 2007,a constitutional court found the political party of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra,Thai Rak Thai,guilty of election fraud and banned it from participating in government for five years.
In the country's first referendum,held in August 2007,Thailand voted in favor of a new constitution,which set the stage for parliamentary elections and a return to democracy after a year of military rule.In December's parliamentary elections,the People Power Party,which supports former prime minister Thaksin,won 233 out of 480 seats in parliamentary elections,a clear rebuke to military rule.Thaksin,who had been in self-imposed exile in London,said he would return to Thailand but not enter politics.Samak Sundaravej,of the People Power Party,was elected prime minister by Parliament in January 2008,thus completing the transition back to democracy.Samak,a controversial and contentious figure,called himself a "proxy" for Thaksin and said he would work to tackle poverty in rural Thailand.In the 1970s and 1990s,Samak supported violent crackdowns on students and pro-democracy campaigners.
Former prime minister Thaksin returned to Thailand in February 2008 after 17 months in exile.He said he's prepared to face corruption charges related to property he acquired from a state agency during his tenure as prime minister.

http://www.geographia.com/thailand/

The Kingdom of Thailand (IPA: /ˈtaɪlænd/, Thai: ราชอาณาจักรไทย, IPA: [râːtɕʰa-&...

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The Kingdom of Thailand (IPA: /ˈtaɪlænd/, Thai: ราชอาณาจักรไทย, IPA: [râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj]) is a country in Southeast Asia. To its east lie Laos and Cambodia; to its south, the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia; and to its west, the Andaman Sea and Burma. Its capital and largest city is Bangkok, with Thai name Krung Thep. Thailand has had one of the longest monarchies in history. It is also the only Southeast Asian country that was not colonized by any Western power.
A unified Thai kingdom was established in the mid-14th century. Known as Siam until 1939, Thailand is the only Southeast Asian country never to have been taken over by a European power. A bloodless revolution in 1932 led to a constitutional monarchy. In alliance with Japan during World War II, Thailand became a US ally following the conflict. Thailand is currently facing separatist violence in its southern ethnic Malay-Muslim provinces
The region known today as Thailand has been inhabited by humans since the paleolithic period (about 10,000 years ago). Prior to the fall of the Khmer Empire in the 13th century, various states thrived there, such as the various Tai, Mon, Khmer and Malay kingdoms, as seen through the numerous archaeological sites and artifacts that are scattered throughout the Siamese landscape. Prior to the 12th century however, the first Thai or Siamese state is traditionally considered to be the Buddhist kingdom of Sukhothai, which was founded in 1238.
Following the decline and fall of the Khmer empire in the 13th - 14th century, various Buddhist Tai Kingdoms of Sukhothai, Lanna and Lan chang were on the ascendancy. However, a century later, Sukhothai's power was overshadowed by the new kingdom of Ayutthaya, established in the mid-14th century.
After Ayutthaya fell in 1767 to the Burmese, Thonburi was the capital of Thailand for a brief period under King Taksin the Great. The current (Rattanakosin) era of Thai history began in 1782 following the establishment of Bangkok as capital of the Chakri dynasty under King Rama I the Great.
Siam retains an immemorial tradition of trade with its neighboring states and the cultures of the Indian ocean and the South China sea. European trade and influence arrived to Thailand in the 16th century, beginning with the Portuguese. Despite European pressure, Thailand is the only Southeast Asian nation never to have been colonised. Two main reasons for this were that Thailand had a long succession of very able rulers in the 1800s and that it was able to exploit the rivalry and tension between the French and the British. As a result, the country remained as a buffer state between parts of Southeast Asia that were colonized by the two colonial powers. Despite this, Western influence led to many reforms in the 19th century and major concessions, most notably being the loss of large territory on the east side of the Mekong to the French and the step by step absorption by Britain of the Shan (Thai Yai) States (now in Burma) and the Malay Peninsula. The loss initially included Penang and Tumasik and eventually culminated in the loss of three predominantly ethnic-Malay southern provinces, which later became Malaysia's three northern states, under the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909.
In 1932, a bloodless revolution resulted in a new constitutional monarchy. During World War II, Thailand became an ally of Japan while at the same time maintaining an active anti-Japanese resistance movement known as the Seri Thai. After the war, Thailand emerged as an ally of the United States. As with many of the developing nations during the Cold War, Thailand then went through decades of political transgression characterised by coups d'état as one military regime replaced another, but eventually progressed towards a stable prosperity and democracy in the 1980s.
In 1997, Thailand was hit with the Asian financial crisis and the Thai baht for a short time peaked at 56 baht to the US dollar compared to about 25 baht to the dollar before 1997. Since then, the baht has regained most of its strength and as of 23 May 2007, is valued at 32 baht to the US dollar.
The official calendar in Thailand is based on Eastern version of the Buddhist Era, which is 543 years ahead of the Gregorian (western) calendar. For example, the year AD 2008 is called 2551 BE in Thailand.

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