英语翻译废话不多说直接进正题：Q1:define accounting.compare and contrast financial accounting from management accounting.Q2:describe and explain at least ten accounting principles&concepts,assumptions or qualitative characteristics.give

英语翻译废话不多说直接进正题：Q1:define accounting.compare and contrast financial accounting from management accounting.Q2:describe and explain at least ten accounting principles&concepts,assumptions or qualitative characteristics.give
英语翻译
废话不多说直接进正题：
Q1:define accounting.compare and contrast financial accounting from management accounting.
Q2:describe and explain at least ten accounting principles&concepts,assumptions or qualitative characteristics.give an example for each.
Q3:describe every step in the accounting cycle.
Q4:define GST explain its impact on the business.
Q5:describe the various forms of business ownership within the accounting context.cite advantages of one overall business.
Q6:identify and describe the functions and principles of internal control,its applications and implication to control failures to the overall business.
Q7:describe the purpose of the following:
A:balance sheet
B:income statement
C:statement of changes in equity
D:cash flow statement
Q8:jessica bell started her own cosulting firm,bell consulting Ltd,on 1 MAY 2008.the following transactions occurred during the month of MAY.
MAY
1 shareholders invested $10,000 cash in the business
2 paid $800 for office rent for the month
3 purchased $500 of supplies on account
5 paid $50 to advertise in the auckland news
9 received $1000 cash for services provided
12 paid $200 cash dividend
15 performed $3000 of services on account
17 paid $2500 for employee salaries
20 paid for the supplies purchased on account on 3 MAY
23 received a cash payment of $2000 for services provided on account on 15 MAY
26 borrowed $5000 from the bank
29 purchased office equipment for $2400 on account
30 paid $150 for electricity
REQUIRED:
A:analyse and show the effects of the previous transactions on the accounting equation
B:prepare an income statement for the month of MAY
C:prepare a balance sheet as at31 MAY 2008
就这么多.我不需要翻译 献给100 最佳再追加200!

英语翻译废话不多说直接进正题：Q1:define accounting.compare and contrast financial accounting from management accounting.Q2:describe and explain at least ten accounting principles&concepts,assumptions or qualitative characteristics.give
Q1: define accounting. Compare and contrast financial accounting from management accounting.
Accounting is the art of communicating inancial information about a business entity to users such as shareholders and managers. The communication is generally in the form of financial statements that show in money terms the economic resources under the control of management.
Source: "Financial accounting and reporting" (Elliot, Barry & Elliot, Jamie, FT Prentice Hall, London 2004) p.3
Financial Accounting is a field of accounting concerned with the preparation of financial statements for decision makers, such as stockholders, suppliers, banks, employees, government agencies, owners, and other stakeholders. Management accounting is concerned with the provisions and use of accounting information to managers within organizations, to provide them with the basis to make informed business decisions that will allow them to be better equipped in their management and control functions. Basically Financial Accounting reports to external investors and management accounting is for internal controls like inventory control, cost control etc.
Q2: describe and explain at least ten accounting principles & concepts, assumptions or qualitative characteristics. Give an example for each.
Financial accounting is information that must be assembled and reported objectively. Third-parties who must rely on such information have a right to be assured that the data are free from bias and inconsistency, whether deliberate or not. For this reason, financial accounting relies on certain standards or guides that are called "Generally Accepted Accounting Principles" (GAAP).
 Principle of regularity: Regularity can be defined as conformity to enforced rules and laws.
 Principle of consistency: The consistency principle requires accountants to apply the same methods and procedures from period to period.
 Principle of sincerity: According to this principle, the accounting unit should reflect in good faith the reality of the company's financial status.
 Principle of the permanence of methods: This principle aims at allowing the coherence and comparison of the financial information published by the company.
 Principle of non-compensation: One should show the full details of the financial information and not seek to compensate a debt with an asset, revenue with an expense, etc.
 Principle of prudence: This principle aims at showing the reality "as is" : one should not try to make things look prettier than they are. Typically, revenue should be recorded only when it is certain and a provision should be entered for an expense which is probable.
 Principle of continuity: When stating financial information, one should assume that the business will not be interrupted. This principle mitigates the principle of prudence: assets do not have to be accounted at their disposable value, but it is accepted that they are at their historical value (seedepreciation).
 Principle of periodicity: Each accounting entry should be allocated to a given period, and split accordingly if it covers several periods. If a client pre-pays a subscription (or lease, etc.), the given revenue should be split to the entire time-span and not counted for entirely on the date of the transaction.
 Principle of Full Disclosure/Materiality: All information and values pertaining to the financial position of a business must be disclosed in the records.
There are only nine of those principles. I don’t know why it says ten.
Q3: describe every step in the accounting cycle.
Please refer to this link: - a good proper version.
http://www.quickmba.com/accounting/fin/cycle/
Q4: define GST explain its impact on the business.
GST = Goods and Service Tax.
Q5: describe the various forms of business ownership within the accounting context. Cite advantages of one overall business.
Business ownership includes proprietorship, partnership and corporation. Partnership can also be further classified into General Partnership, Limited Partnership and Partnership with Limited Liability and Joint Venture.
PARTNERSHIPS
In a Partnership, two or more people share ownership of a single business. Like proprietorships, the law does not distinguish between the business and its owners. The Partners should have a legal agreement that sets forth how decisions will be made, profits will be shared, disputes will be resolved, how future partners will be admitted to the partnership, how partners can be bought out, or what steps will be taken to dissolve the partnership when needed.
Advantages of a Partnership
• Partnerships are relatively easy to establish; however time should be invested in developing the partnership agreement.
• With more than one owner, the ability to raise funds may be increased.
• The profits from the business flow directly through to the partners' personal tax returns.
• Prospective employees may be attracted to the business if given the incentive to become a partner.
• The business usually will benefit from partners who have complementary skills.
Q6: identify and describe the functions and principles of internal control, its applications and implication to control failures to the overall business.
Internal control is the process designed to ensure reliable financial reporting, effective and efficient operations, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Safeguarding assets against theft and unauthorized use, acquisition, or disposal is also part of internal control.
Control activities are the specific policies and procedures management uses to achieve its objectives. The most important control activities involve segregation of duties, proper authorization of transactions and activities, adequate documents and records, physical control over assets and records, and independent checks on performance. A short description of each of these control activities appears below.
• Segregation of duties requires that different individuals be assigned responsibility for different elements of related activities, particularly those involving authorization, custody, or recordkeeping. For example, the same person who is responsible for an asset's recordkeeping should not be respon sible for physical control of that asset Having different indi viduals perform these functions creates a system of checks and balances.
• Proper authorization of transactions and activities helps ensure that all company activities adhere to established guide lines unless responsible managers authorize another course of action. For example, a fixed price list may serve as an official authorization of price for a large sales staff. In addition, there may be a control to allow a sales manager to authorize reason able deviations from the price list.
• Adequate documents and records provide evidence that financial statements are accurate. Controls designed to ensure adequate recordkeeping include the creation of invoices and other documents that are easy to use and sufficiently informa tive; the use of prenumbered, consecutive documents; and the timely preparation of documents.
• Physical control over assets and records helps protect the company's assets. These control activities may include elec tronic or mechanical controls (such as a safe, employee ID cards, fences, cash registers, fireproof files, and locks) or computer-related controls dealing with access privileges or established backup and recovery procedures.
• Independent checks on performances, which are carried out by employees who did not do the work being checked, help ensure the reliability of accounting information and the efficiency of operations. For example, a supervisor verifies the accuracy of a retail clerk's cash drawer at the end of the day. Internal auditors may also verity that the supervisor performed the check of the cash drawer.
In order to identify and establish effective controls, management must continually assess the risk, monitor control implementation, and modify controls as needed. Top managers of publicly held companies must sign a statement of responsibility for internal controls and include this statement in their annual report to stockholders.
Q7: describe the purpose of the following:
A: balance sheet
B: income statement
C: Statement of changes in equity
D: cash flow statement
A; balance sheet or statement of financial position is a summary of a person's or organization's balances. Assets, liabilities and ownership equity are listed as of a specific date, such as the end of its financial year. A balance sheet is often described as a snapshot of a company's financial condition. Of the four basic financial statements, the balance sheet is the only statement which applies to a single point in time. It represents the status of the company as at a particular date.
B: income statement
Income statement, also called profit and loss statement (P&L) and Statement of Operations, is a company's financial statement that indicates how the revenue (money received from the sale of products and services before expenses are taken out, also known as the "top line") is transformed into the net income (the result after all revenues and expenses have been accounted for, also known as the "bottom line"). The purpose of the income statement is to show managers and investors whether the company made or lost money during the period being reported.
C: Statement of changes in equity
This document shows the changes in equity status and amount which facilitates the investors and existing shareholder to know the disclosure of their voting power and shareholding status.
D: cash flow statement
In financial accounting, a cash flow statement or statement of cash flows is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet and income accounts affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing, and financing activities. As an analytical tool, the statement of cash flows is useful in determining the short-term viability of a company, particularly its ability to pay bills. International Accounting Standard 7 (IAS 7), is the International Accounting Standard that deals with cash flow statements. It is a good indicator of a firm’s liquidity and solvency.
第八题需要用手写然后扫描.请给我邮箱.

这样的东西也只有龙音能做了……
我支持你！

我靠……accounting我们这里都不讲定义的……直接做CPJ,CRJ呵呵