高一英语语法总结 帮帮忙吧 谢谢了最好详细点
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高一英语语法总结 帮帮忙吧 谢谢了最好详细点
高一英语语法总结 帮帮忙吧 谢谢了最好详细点
高一英语语法总结 帮帮忙吧 谢谢了最好详细点
直接引语间接引语,定语从句,将来时(现在进行时表将来)强调句和一些重点句型
直接引语和间接引语之间的转换
说话人讲的话可以用两种方式来引用.如果引用他的原话,就称作直接引语.因此He said,“I am very ill.”为直接引语.如果按引用人的观点来引用,则称为间接引语.因此He said that he was very ill.为间接引语.Said这样的动词称为引话动词,它前面的主语,例如he,可称为第一主语.引语中的主语,如I及he,称为第二主语.引语中的谓语动词称为第二动词.当直接引语转换为间接引语,或间接引语转换为直接引语时,有几个问题需要注意.
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等.
关系副词有:when, where, why等.
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书.
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.
判断关系代词与关系副词
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .
一般将来时Be going to/will第一人称用shall
现在进行时代替将来时
1) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动.
Are you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们一起度周末吗?
We are leaving soon. 我们马上就走.
2)短暂性动词,如:get, run, grow, become, begin及die.
He is dying.
it在强调句型中:在英语中,为了突出强调句子的某一个成分(谓语除外),达到强调或使听话人特别注意这一部分的目的.便形成了一种强调句型.
It is / was+被强调的部分+that / who+句子的其他部分.
it用做形式主语或形式宾语:根据句子结构的需要,it用做形式主语或形式宾语,而真正的主语或宾语(to do 短语,doing短语,名词性从句)则放在句尾.
主要句型:
It’s +形容词/名词+连词+名词性从句
to do sth.
doing sth.
find / make / think / feel it +形容词/名词+连词+名词性从句
to do sth.
doing sth.
It takes+时间段+sb.+ to do sth.