圣诞节的来历(要英文版的)跪求!必须是英文的!急用!

圣诞节的来历(要英文版的)跪求!必须是英文的!急用!
圣诞节的来历(要英文版的)跪求!
必须是英文的!急用!

圣诞节的来历(要英文版的)跪求!必须是英文的!急用!
Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. No one knows the exact date of Christ's birth, but most Christians observe Christmas on December 25. On this day, many go to church, where they take part in special religious services. During the Christmas season, they also exchange gifts and decorate their homes with holly, mistletoe, and Christmas trees. The word Christmas comes from Cristes maesse, an early English phrase that means Mass of Christ. The story of Christmas comes chiefly from the Gospels of Saint Luke and Saint Matthew in the New Testament.
The history of Christmas dates back over 4000 years. Many of our Christmas traditions were celebrated centuries before the Christ child was born. The 12 days of Christmas, the bright fires, the yule log, the giving of gifts, carnivals(parades) with floats, carolers who sing while going from house to house, the holiday feasts, and the church processions can all be traced back to the early Mesopotamians.
Many of these traditions began with the Mesopotamian celebration of New Years. The Mesopotamians believed in many gods, and as their chief god-Marduk. Each year as winter arrived it was believed that Marduk would do battle with the monsters of chaos. To assist Marduk in his struggle the Mesopotamians held a festival for the New Year. This was Zagmuk, the New Year's festival that lasted for 12 days.
The Persians and the Babylonians celebrated a similar festival called the Sacaea. Part of that celebration included the exchanging of places, the slaves would become the masters and the masters were to obey. The ancient Greeks held a festival similar to that of the Zagmuk/Sacaea festivals to assist their god Kronos who would battle the god Zeus and his Titans.
The Roman's celebrated their god Saturn. Their festival was called Saturnalia which began the middle of December and ended January 1st. With cries of "Jo Saturnalia!" the celebration would include masquerades in the streets, big festive meals, visiting friends, and the exchange of good-luck gifts called Strenae (lucky fruits). The Romans decked their halls with garlands of laurel and green trees lit with candles. Again the masters and slaves would exchange places.
"Jo Saturnalia!" was a fun and festive time for the Romans, but the Christians thought it an abomination to honor the pagan god. The early Christians wanted to keep the birthday of their Christ child a solemn and religious holiday, not one of cheer and merriment as was the pagan Saturnalia.
Some legends claim that the Christian "Christmas" celebration was invented to compete against the pagan celebrations of December. The 25th was not only sacred to the Romans but also the Persians whose religion Mithraism was one of Christianity's main rivals at that time. The Church eventually was successful in taking the merriment, lights, and gifts from the Saturanilia festival and bringing them to the celebration of Christmas.
The exact day of the Christ child's birth has never been pinpointed. Traditions say that it has been celebrated since the year 98 AD. In 137 AD the Bishop of Rome ordered the birthday of the Christ Child celebrated as a solemn feast. In 350 AD another Bishop of Rome, Julius I, choose December 25th as the observance of Christmas.
The birth of Jesus had a story: In Nazareth, a city of Galilee. The virgin's name was Mary was betrothed to Joseph. Before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Spirit. Joseph her husband was minded to put her away secretly. While he thought about these things, Gabriel, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and told him did not be afraid to take Mary as wife. And Mary will bring forth a Son, and he shall call his name, Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.
Before Jesus births, Joseph and Mary came to Quirnius was governing Syria. So all went to be registered, everyone to his own city. Joseph also went up out of Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and of the lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed wife, who was with child. So it was that while they were there, the days were completed for her to be delivered. And she brought forth her firstborn Son, and wrapped him in swaddling cloths, and laid him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn.
And that, Christmas is the feast of the nativity of Jesus, is on 25th, December every year. But nobody knows the actual birthday of Jesus. And the Christmas has become popular when Christmas cards appeared in 1846 and the concept of a jolly Santa Claus was first made popular in nineteenth Century.
The custom of giving gifts to relatives and friends on a special day in winter probably began in ancient Rome and northern Europe. In these regions, people gave each other small presents as part of their year-end celebrations.
In the 1800's, two more Christmas customs became popular--decorating Christmas trees and sending Christmas cards to relatives and friends. Many well-known Christmas carols, including ``Silent Night" and ``Hark! The Herald Angels Sing," were composed during this period. In the United States and other countries, Santa Claus replaced Saint Nicholas as the symbol of gift giving.
The word Xmas is sometimes used instead of Christmas. This tradition began in the early Christian church. In Greek, X is the first letter of Christ's name. It was frequently used as a holy symbol.
“圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写.弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式.耶诞节是一个宗教节.我们把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝,因而又名耶诞节.这一天,世界所有的基督教会都举行特别的礼拜仪式.但是有很多圣诞节的欢庆活动和宗教并无半点关联.交换礼物,寄圣诞卡,这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子.
圣诞节是基督教世界最大的节日.4世纪初,1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念耶稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”Epiphany,亦称“显现节”即上帝通过耶稣向世人显示自己.当时只有耶路撒冷的教会例外,那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念耶稣的受洗.
后来历史学家们在罗马基督徒习用的日历中发现公元 354年12月25日页内记录着：“基督降生在犹大的伯利恒.”经过研究,一般认为12月25日作为圣诞节可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会.12月25日原来是波斯太阳神（即光明之神）密特拉（Mithra）的诞辰,是一个异教徒节日,同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一.这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节,崇拜太阳神的异教徒都把这一天当作春天的希望,万物复苏的开始.可能由于这个原因,罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节.这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯基督教化的措施之一.后来,虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节,但又因为各地教会使用的历书不同,具体日期不能统一,于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期（Christmas Tide）,各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节.
随着基督教的广泛传播,圣诞节已成为各教派基督徒,甚至广大非基督徒群众的一个重要节日.在欧美许多国家里,人们非常重视这个节日,把它和新年连在一起,而庆祝活动之热闹与隆重大大超过了新年,成为一个全民的节日.
12月25日的主要纪念活动都与耶稣降生的传说有关.耶稣的出生是有一段故事的,耶稣是因着圣灵成孕,由童女马利亚所生的.神更派遣使者加伯列在梦中晓谕约瑟,叫他不要因为马利亚未婚怀孕而不要她,反而要与她成亲,把那孩子起名为“耶稣”,意思是要他把百姓从罪恶中救出来.当马利亚快要临盆的时候,罗马政府下了命令,全部人民到伯利恒务必申报户籍.约瑟和马利亚只好遵命.他们到达伯利恒时,天色已昏,无奈两人未能找到旅馆借宿,只有一个马棚可以暂住.就在这时,耶稣要出生了!於是马利亚唯有在马槽上,生下耶稣.
后人为纪念耶稣的诞生,便把十二月二十五日定为圣诞节,纪念耶稣的出世.但真实的诞生日就没有人知道了.十九世纪,圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现,圣诞节也开始流行起来了.

The Origin of Christmas 圣诞的来历
Christmas Day-December 25-which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian religion, is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United Stat...

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The Origin of Christmas 圣诞的来历
Christmas Day-December 25-which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian religion, is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States.
According to the Bible, the holy book of Christians, God decided to allow his only son, Jesus Christ, to be born to a human mother and live on earth so that people could understand God better and learn to love God and each other more. "Christmas"- meaning "celebration of Christ "- honors the time when Jesus was born to a young Jewish woman Mary.
Mary was engaged to be married to Joseph, a carpenter, but before they came together, she was found to be with child. Because Joseph, her husband, was a righteous man and did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly. But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, "Do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins."
Although the exact date of the birth of Jesus nearly 2,000 years ago is not known, the calendar on the supposed date divides all time into B.C. (Before Christ )and A.D. ( a Latin phrase, Anno Domini, "in the year of our Lord.")For the first 300 years, Jesus' birthday was celebrated on different dates. Finally, in the year 354, church leaders chose December 25 as his birthday.

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每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子。
教会开始并无圣诞节，约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说：第一个圣诞节是在公元138年，由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由于圣经未明记耶稣生于何时，故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年，才由罗马教廷定12月25日为圣诞节。公元1607年，世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会，进一步予以确定，从此世界大多数...

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每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子。
教会开始并无圣诞节，约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说：第一个圣诞节是在公元138年，由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由于圣经未明记耶稣生于何时，故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年，才由罗马教廷定12月25日为圣诞节。公元1607年，世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会，进一步予以确定，从此世界大多数的基督徒均以12月25日为圣诞节。其实哪一天并不要紧，重要的是应该知道它是为纪念救主耶稣降生。
由于圣经记载耶稣生于夜间，故传统称12月24日夜为"圣诞夜"或"平安夜"。
耶稣的降生，有旧约先知预言："必有童女怀孕生子，给他起名叫以马内利（意思为'上帝与我们同在'）。"（以赛亚书7章14节，圣经下同）
耶稣降生时，有天使报信："不要惧怕，我给你们大喜的信息，是关乎万民的；因今天在大卫的城里，为你们生了救主，就是主基督。你们要看见一个婴孩，包着布，卧在马槽里，那就是记号了。"（路加福音2章10-12节）
耶稣降生时，有博士朝拜，"他们看见那星就大大地欢喜。进了房子，看见小孩子和他母亲马利亚，就俯伏拜那小孩子，揭开宝盒，手拿黄金、乳香、没药为礼物献给他。"（马太福音2章10-11节）
耶稣，意指"上帝拯救"，因为圣经说："世人都犯了罪，亏缺了上帝的荣耀。"（罗马书3章23节）罪使人离开生命的源头，宇宙万物的主宰。罪使人失去公义、仁爱，变得自私、骄傲、贪婪、邪恶。罪破坏人与上帝、人与人之间和睦的关系，使人活在无可奈何的痛苦之中。罪使人将来要面对永远的刑罚和痛苦，"人人都有一死，死后且有审判。"（希伯来书9章27节）因为上帝是圣洁、公义的！
但是，上帝又是慈爱的主，他赐给世人自己的独生子--耶稣基督，成为人难剑ň褪鞘サ魑颐堑木仁曛鳎约旱陌傩沾幼锒窭锞瘸隼础＃硖R?章21节）他代替了我们的软弱，担当了我们的罪的刑罚。"上帝使我们众人的罪孽都归到他身上"，（以赛亚书53章6节）为我们的罪钉死在十字架上。
今天，只要你悔改自己的罪，相信他，接受他做你个人的救主，你的罪就被赦免了，你与上帝就恢复了那起初和睦的关系，你就得了永远的生命。今天你接受耶稣在你的心里，今天就是你的圣诞节，愿上帝今年赐给你一个特别的圣诞节！
译
Every year December 25 is the world majority Christian commemorates the day which Jesus is born.
The church starts and does not have the Christmas day, ascends to heaven in Jesus the latter more than hundred year talent to have approximately. It is said: The first Christmas day is in the A.D. 138 years, the saint Kerry gate proposes the hold by Roman bishop. But the church history carries the first Christmas day then in A.D. 336 years. When because the Holy Bible not clearly does record Jesus to be born in, therefore each place Christmas day date respectively different. Until the A.D. 440 years, only then decides by the Roman Vatican in December on 25 is the Christmas day. In 1607, the world each place church leader got together in Bethlehem, further gave to determine, from this time on the world majority Christian take December 25 as the Christmas day. Actually which one day no problem, more importantly should know it is for commemorates savior Jesus to be born.
Because the Holy Bible records Jesus to be born in at night, therefore passes on general designation in December 24 is day and night "圣诞夜" or "Christmas Eve".
Jesus's being born, has the old testament prophet to predict that, "must have Tong Nv to be pregnant gives birth to a boy, gives a name to him calls Emanuel (meaning is the ' God and we with in '). "(Book of Isaiah 7 chapters of 14, Holy Bible similarly hereinafter)
When Jesus is born, has the angel to notify: "do not have to fear, I give you great happiness the information, concerns the common people; Today because in David's city, has lived the savior for you, is host Christ. You must see a baby, Bao Zhuobu, lies in the manger, that was the symbol. "(road Canada gospel 2 chapters of 10-12)
When Jesus is born, has doctor to worship, "they see that star greatly to like. Has entered the house, sees the child and his mother Maria, agrees with Fu Bainei the child, opened the small box used when playing yabao, the hand takes the gold, the frankincense, the medicine has not given to him for the gift. "(matthew 2 chapters of 10-11)
Jesus, Italy refers to the "God to save", because the Holy Bible said: The "common people all committed a crime, owe have lacked God's glory. "(epistle to the romans 3 chapters of 23) the crime enable the human to leave the life the source, the cosmic inventory control. The crime causes the human to lose the justice, the benevolence, changes selfishly, arrogant, greedy, is evil. The crime destroys between the human and God, the human and the human the harmonious relations, causes the human to live in the pain which has no alternative. The crime will cause the human future to need to face the forever penalty and the pain, "everybody all has as soon as dies, after dies also has the trial. "(Hebrew book 9 chapters of 27) because God is holy, the justice!
But, God also is the affection host, he bestows for the common people only son -- Jesus Christ, becomes human's style (is Christmas), is us to redeem the host, he must rescue own common people from the evil. (Matthew 1 chapter of 21) he has replaced our weakness, took on our crime penalty. The "God causes our people's sin all to turn over to his body on", (Book of Isaiah 53 chapters of 6) are our crime nails tight on the cross.
Today, so long as you repent own crime, believes him, accepts him to be you the savior, your crime has been remitted, you restored that with God at first the harmonious relations, you on forever life. Today you accept Jesus in yours heart, today is your Christmas day,Is willing God this year to bestow for you a special Christmas day!

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The History of Christmas
The history of Christmas dates back over 4000 years. Many of our Christmas traditions were celebrated centuries before the Christ child was born. The 12 days of Christmas...

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The History of Christmas
The history of Christmas dates back over 4000 years. Many of our Christmas traditions were celebrated centuries before the Christ child was born. The 12 days of Christmas, the bright fires, the yule log, the giving of gifts, carnivals(parades) with floats, carolers who sing while going from house to house, the holiday feasts, and the church processions can all be traced back to the early Mesopotamians.
Many of these traditions began with the Mesopotamian celebration of New Years. The Mesopotamians believed in many gods, and as their chief god - Marduk. Each year as winter arrived it was believed that Marduk would do battle with the monsters of chaos. To assist Marduk in his struggle the Mesopotamians held a festival for the New Year. This was Zagmuk, the New Year's festival that lasted for 12 days.
The Mesopotamian king would return to the temple of Marduk and swear his faithfulness to the god. The traditions called for the king to die at the end of the year and to return with Marduk to battle at his side.
To spare their king, the Mesopotamians used the idea of a "mock" king. A criminal was chosen and dressed in royal clothes. He was given all the respect and privileges of a real king. At the end of the celebration the "mock" king was stripped of the royal clothes and slain, sparing the life of the real king.
The Persians and the Babylonians celebrated a similar festival called the Sacaea. Part of that celebration included the exchanging of places, the slaves would become the masters and the masters were to obey.
Early Europeans believed in evil spirits, witches, ghosts and trolls. As the Winter Solstice approached, with its long cold nights and short days, many people feared the sun would not return. Special rituals and celebrations were held to welcome back the sun.
In Scandinavia during the winter months the sun would disappear for many days. After thirty-five days scouts would be sent to the mountain tops to look for the return of the sun. When the first light was seen the scouts would return with the good news. A great festival would be held, called the Yuletide, and a special feast would be served around a fire burning with the Yule log. Great bonfires would also be lit to celebrate the return of the sun. In some areas people would tie apples to branches of trees to remind themselves that spring and summer would return.
The ancient Greeks held a festival similar to that of the Zagmuk/Sacaea festivals to assist their god Kronos who would battle the god Zeus and his Titans.
The Roman's celebrated their god Saturn. Their festival was called Saturnalia which began the middle of December and ended January 1st. With cries of "Jo Saturnalia!" the celebration would include masquerades in the streets, big festive meals, visiting friends, and the exchange of good-luck gifts called Strenae (lucky fruits).
The Romans decked their halls with garlands of laurel and green trees lit with candles. Again the masters and slaves would exchange places.
"Jo Saturnalia!" was a fun and festive time for the Romans, but the Christians though it an abomination to honor the pagan god. The early Christians wanted to keep the birthday of their Christ child a solemn and religious holiday, not one of cheer and merriment as was the pagan Saturnalia.
But as Christianity spread they were alarmed by the continuing celebration of pagan customs and Saturnalia among their converts. At first the Church forbid this kind of celebration. But it was to no avail. Eventually it was decided that the celebration would be tamed and made into a celebration fit for the Christian Son of God.
Some legends claim that the Christian "Christmas" celebration was invented to compete against the pagan celebrations of December. The 25th was not only sacred to the Romans but also the Persians whose religion Mithraism was one of Christianity's main rivals at that time. The Church eventually was successful in taking the merriment, lights, and gifts from the Saturanilia festival and bringing them to the celebration of Christmas.
The exact day of the Christ child's birth has never been pinpointed. Traditions say that it has been celebrated since the year 98 AD. In 137 AD the Bishop of Rome ordered the birthday of the Christ Child celebrated as a solemn feast. In 350 AD another Bishop of Rome, Julius I, choose December 25th as the observance of Christmas.
参考：
圣诞节来历：
每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子。
教会开始并无圣诞节，约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说：第一个圣诞节是在公元138年，由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由于圣经未明记耶稣生于何时，故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年，才由罗马教廷定12月25日为圣诞节。公元1607年，世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会，进一步予以确定，从此世界大多数的基督徒均以12月25日为圣诞节。其实哪一天并不要紧，重要的是应该知道它是为纪念救主耶稣降生。
由于圣经记载耶稣生于夜间，故传统称12月24日夜为"圣诞夜"或"平安夜"。
耶稣的降生，有旧约先知预言："必有童女怀孕生子，给他起名叫以马内利（意思为'上帝与我们同在'）。"（以赛亚书7章14节，圣经下同）
耶稣降生时，有天使报信："不要惧怕，我给你们大喜的信息，是关乎万民的；因今天在大卫的城里，为你们生了救主，就是主基督。你们要看见一个婴孩，包着布，卧在马槽里，那就是记号了。"（路加福音2章10-12节）
耶稣降生时，有博士朝拜，"他们看见那星就大大地欢喜。进了房子，看见小孩子和他母亲马利亚，就俯伏拜那小孩子，揭开宝盒，手拿黄金、乳香、没药为礼物献给他。"（马太福音2章10-11节）
耶稣，意指"上帝拯救"，因为圣经说："世人都犯了罪，亏缺了上帝的荣耀。"（罗马书3章23节）罪使人离开生命的源头，宇宙万物的主宰。罪使人失去公义、仁爱，变得自私、骄傲、贪婪、邪恶。罪破坏人与上帝、人与人之间和睦的关系，使人活在无可奈何的痛苦之中。罪使人将来要面对永远的刑罚和痛苦，"人人都有一死，死后且有审判。"（希伯来书9章27节）因为上帝是圣洁、公义的！
但是，上帝又是慈爱的主，他赐给世人自己的独生子--耶稣基督，成为人的样式（就是圣诞），作我们的救赎主，他要将自己的百姓从罪恶里救出来。（马太福音1章21节）他代替了我们的软弱，担当了我们的罪的刑罚。"上帝使我们众人的罪孽都归到他身上"，（以赛亚书53章6节）为我们的罪钉死在十字架上。
今天，只要你悔改自己的罪，相信他，接受他做你个人的救主，你的罪就被赦免了，你与上帝就恢复了那起初和睦的关系，你就得了永远的生命。今天你接受耶稣在你的心里，今天就是你的圣诞节，愿上帝今年赐给你一个特别的圣诞节！
各国圣诞节习俗：
法国法国中部的色日尔斯地方，每年圣诞节前后几天必降大雪，白雪皑皑，令人清新。在西方人眼里，白色圣诞是一种吉祥。在法国，马槽是最富有特色的圣诞标志，因为相传耶稣是诞生在马槽旁的。人们大唱颂赞耶稣的圣诞歌之后，必须开怀畅饮，香槟和白兰地是法国传统的圣诞美酒。
芬兰芬兰在12月圣诞节前后，漫山遍野都是怒放的紫罗兰，掩映在白色的大地上，望去一片紫红色，紫色圣诞使人心旷神怡。
英国和德国英国人和德国人一样，圣诞节喝啤酒，吃烤鹅，他们更喜欢利用圣诞节假日外出旅游。
美国美国人过圣诞节着重家庭布置，安置圣诞树，在袜子中塞满礼物，吃以火鸡为主的圣诞大菜，举行家庭舞会。
瑞士瑞士人在圣诞节前4个星期，就将4支巨型的蜡烛点燃，放在由树枝装饰成的一个环里，每周点1支，当点燃第4支后，圣诞节就到了。
丹麦丹麦人对不合意的圣诞礼物，可去商店兑换价格相似的其他商品。
澳大利亚澳大利亚是南半球的国家之一。12月底，正当西欧各国在寒风呼啸中欢度圣诞节时，澳大利亚正是热不可耐的仲夏时节。因此在澳大利亚过圣诞节，到处可以看见光着上身汗水涔涔的小伙子和穿超短裙的姑娘，与商店橱窗里精心布置的冬日雪景、挂满雪花的圣诞树和穿红棉袄的圣诞老人，构成澳大利亚特有的节日图景。这种酷暑和严冬景象的强烈对比，恐怕在西方国家是独一无二的。父母给子女最好的圣诞礼物，莫过于一副小水划。圣诞节弄潮是澳大利亚的一大特征。节日晚上，带着饮料到森林里举行“巴别居”野餐。人们用石头垒的露天灶中用枯树枝生火、上面架一块铁板，把香肠、牛肉、鲜鱼