What challeges China has faced after entering WTO?用英文回答哦!言简意赅点就好了！150－200个单词左右！

What challeges China has faced after entering WTO?用英文回答哦!言简意赅点就好了！150－200个单词左右！
What challeges China has faced after entering WTO?
用英文回答哦!
言简意赅点就好了！150－200个单词左右！

What challeges China has faced after entering WTO?用英文回答哦!言简意赅点就好了！150－200个单词左右！
先更正你个单词 challenge 挑战的意思
China and the EU reached an agreement with the smooth, and ultimately to China, "WTO" cleared the last major obstacle, marking China's "accession" the end of bilateral negotiations and the completion of the final stage of the process. As Deputy Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Long Yongtu estimated as: If all goes well, China should be able to join the WTO before the end of the year.
November 15, 1999, China and the United States on China's accession to the WTO reached a bilateral agreement. May 19, 2000, the two sides reached a "win-win" agreement. At this point, in China and want to "WTO" talks in 36 countries, and China has been one of 27 countries reached a bilateral agreement. Since then, China and the need to Switzerland, Mexico, Ecuador and the other two Latin American countries to negotiate, the more important of which is Switzerland and Mexico. 5 countries with which an agreement will soon be held in Geneva to enter the multilateral negotiations in all the bilateral agreements reached on the basis of all the Parties to China's commitment to a unified multilateral framework, waiting for the WTO ministers The level 2 3 majority.
China's "accession" do more good than harm
In general, "WTO" will lead to the expansion of China's import and export trade.
It is estimated that by 2005, China's total foreign trade volume will grow by nearly 30% of its average annual growth rate will be higher than the growth rate of GDP; import and export trade's contribution to the GDP will increase in degree; the difference between import and export trade will gradually Reduce by 2005 the basic balance of trade balance.
From the trade of agricultural products, China's exports of agricultural products will be many opportunities for development. China's agricultural products in world markets, competitive advantage, to a certain extent by making use of its natural comparative advantage, that is, you and I have no occupation of a certain market share. The words "WTO" after our country can enjoy the World Trade Organization member countries of the treatment of Pratt & Whitney, which will help improve the export environment, the expansion of export channels, so further growth in exports. China's accession to the WTO will increase agricultural imports, especially wheat, corn, and other food imports will increase. The reasons are: First, since 1995, China's grain prices have been completely lost its edge. The price of wheat has been higher than international market, 28%; high corn 71.1 percent; rice high 17.8 percent. Second, the United States for grain export subsidies, so that China's grain products, the competitiveness of a further decline, coupled with China's north-west of the United States to lift the ban on imports of wheat, can be expected that food imported from the United States will increase dramatically. Third, import quotas in the past with the actual volume of imports increased more. By 2005, wheat, corn and rice quotas will reach 9,300,000 tons, 7,200,000 tons and 5,300,000 tons, and 1992-1998, wheat, corn and rice imports, the actual average of only 6,818,000 tons , 853,000 tons and 534,000 tons. Fourth, "WTO", the annual import quotas to be allocated to the part of the private sector, in these conditions, as long as the international market price below the market price, the Government will not be able to use the traditional approach adopted by the state-owned foreign trade sector monopoly To control the number of import quotas to the number below. In addition, China's accession to the WTO, the average agricultural tariff from 22% down to 17.5 percent (in addition to duty-free grain, cotton, oil, agricultural products, China's general tariff rate of 50% -70%, high above 100%), a large decline. In this way, prior to the greater protection products, the import growth rate will be greater.
From the trade of textile products, entry into the WTO, China will be the signing of the Uruguay Round "Agreement on Textiles and Clothing" in the implementation of the benefit will be rapid growth in exports. It is estimated that by 2005, China's textile exports to grow 63.8 percent, while clothing exports will increase by 2 times. In that case, China in the next century will continue to maintain, as a developing country's largest textile and clothing exporting countries. China's chemical fiber industry started relatively late, as the foundation is weak competitiveness is not strong, still rely on the protection of high tariff policy. Therefore, accession to the WTO could increase imports of chemical fiber products.
Iron and steel from the trade, the Uruguay Round negotiations, China's iron and steel products have tariff concessions, and non-tariff barriers to trade 3 of the right to make a commitment, and gradually put into practice. Overall, China's metallurgical products by the year 2005 the tariff rate from the current 10.5% to 8.0% of the commitment of the iron and steel imports little effect from 1992 -1998, 223 kinds of China's major iron and steel products from tariffs of 14.5 % To the current 8.88 percent, and China's commitments to the 2005 tariff reduction rate of less than six years. In addition, China's imports of steel from the trade structure, in recent years, the proportion of processing trade in more than half of which is part of the steel import tax rate of zero. Therefore, the tariff reduction will not lead to the import situation of the steel industry has changed substantially. From the export side, due to China's steel exports had the right of most of the country's preferential tariff rate, there's accession to the WTO, other members of the existing level of tariff concessions on China's steel products export growth will not generate significant improvements in the role. In the non-tariff barriers, in China in 1992 "Sino-US market access memorandum of understanding" in the iron and steel products, has pledged to abolish the quota permit, in principle, any form of quantitative restrictions on imports of steel to do, we can see that the elimination of non-tariff barriers on steel Import and export industry, the impact is small. The right to trade, commitment to our country's accession to the WTO 5 years after the abolition of the iron and steel products approved to operate since then have the right to operate foreign trade businesses are engaged in the iron and steel trade. From this point of view, the Government may increase the difficulty of controlling imports.
Petrochemical products from the trade, accession to the WTO on China's petroleum and petrochemical industries, the impact of import and export of products in various sub-sectors showed a greater difference. From the crude oil side, China's crude oil price in June 1998 into line with international market prices, crude oil import tariffs to implement a fixed tariff system, tariff concessions on their imports less affected. For synthetic fiber, synthetic fiber raw materials and intermediate current import tariff on behalf of the general in the 10% -16%, but imports of synthetic fiber raw materials to implement most of the 3% -5% of the provisional tariffs, lowering tariffs on its imports of influence Is not. The most affected will be the oil refining industry. Due to the lack of enterprises in the industry internationally competitive, we have been together for refined oil quota licensing system, if the 5 years after WTO accession to phase out the quota licensing system, in a five-year transition period, the quota will be the initial quasi - Amount of income (if the volume of imports in 1998 as the base, access to the initial volume of refined oil to 19,800,000 tons) on the basis of an annual increase of 15%.
From the mechanical and electrical products trade, China cut tariffs on industrial products import and export of mechanical and electrical overall impact is limited. China's imports of machinery and electronic products because the tariff cuts have already started, the level of tariffs for some products close to the World Trade Organization standards. The abolition of non-tariff restrictions on imports of industrial products, mechanical and electrical impact of the relatively greater than other industries. However, with the Electrical and strengthen the industrial competitiveness, foreign-invested enterprises, as well as market access, foreign pressure to replace the mechanical and electrical products also increased to remove non-tariff measures may weaken the impact.
From the automotive trade, China's automobile industry is subject to import the highest level of protection in the industrial sector. With tariff and non-tariff barriers to the substantial reduction, automotive products, as well as the auto industry to develop the necessary software and hardware technologies will have a substantial import growth, China's automobile industry output is expected to decline in the level of 11%. Large multinational corporations will rely on its technical and financial advantages to enter China's automobile industry, the monopoly of China's auto industry a key part of the industry. In the 5-year transitional period, the price of imported cars will be an annual average of 2% -3% of the rate of decline is expected to initially import products in the domestic market share from the current 3% to 10%.
Information from the trade, accession to the World Trade Organization, import and export of such products will be subject to different levels of growth. Although we can not achieve in 2005 the duty-free imports of products to promote the role of the estimate is too high, but the average annual import growth of 10% is still possible to achieve. In addition, because of China's information technology products, most of the trade is processing trade, lower tariffs mean lower prices of raw materials imported from abroad in order to reduce costs, these products enhance the international competitiveness and expand exports. Estimated average annual growth rate of exports will reach about 7%.
"'s Accession to the WTO," China's a long way to go
To enhance our international competitiveness of products and further expand China's import and export trade, in order to adapt to the "accession to the WTO," the new situation, we must make efforts as follows:
First, actively explore the international market and occupation. On the one hand, to pay close attention to the quality of export products, and actively used in the international market recognition of product quality standards, national standards and take the initiative to promote industry standards and amendments to improve and enhance market competitiveness. At the same time, the implementation of brand strategy, and actively develop their own unique products, brand-name products in order to fight the occupation in the international market. On the other hand, it is necessary to implement the strategy of market diversification. To continue to aim at the traditional main sales market, to actively promote all-round and diversified export strategy, and actively explore the international market.
Second, to speed up the pace of structural adjustment. Priority to the development of a number of key products, it is necessary to focus on supporting a number of market capacity, industry reflects the strength and level of the people's livelihood, the industry has a strong lead role in the lack of doors, Duanxianchanpin. Reduce idle capacity, supply far exceeds demand Changxianchanpin of production. To support a number of high-tech products. The original foundation is weak, yet the size of the formation of new businesses (such as environmental protection equipment, etc.), should seize the domestic market demand, rising opportune time, the stock of assets to play a role in enhancing the technological innovation capability, focusing on the development of production in order to promote our country Industrial upgrading.
Third, to speed up the process of export-oriented industries, development of large enterprise groups to enhance the international competitiveness of enterprises. Entry into the World Trade Organization, China's industries must not only adapt to the socialist market economy, but also to follow the World Trade Organization, a comprehensive international market. It is therefore necessary to increase the industry's structural reform efforts, the international market enterprises, state-owned enterprises to increase the share of exports.
Fourth, the reform of scientific and technological management system and mechanism and increase technological innovation, and ultimately to form their own intellectual property rights and core technology know-how. Scientific and technological innovation focused on the work of the management system and mechanism innovation, scientific and technological achievements to improve the conversion rate, reduce the conversion cycle. In order to upgrade industrial structure, promote technological progress. Without a long transition period so that the competitiveness of the industry to be able to compete with foreign companies protect themselves against.
Fifth, in accordance with international practice, the protection of markets and industries, enterprises and safeguard the national interest. All countries in the world, without exception use of the World Trade Organization exception to international practice, the principle of protection of infant industries, protect their own markets and industries. China's accession to the World Trade Organization, should also make full use of the above-mentioned principles and practice of providing preferential terms, the relevant laws and regulations as soon as possible so that the domestic industry by the attacks on the use of legal means to protect them.