英语作文逻辑词

篇一：英语写作逻辑词

词的运用英语写作专题训练——过渡词

一. 教学内容：

英语写作专题训练——过渡词

众所周知，要写出清晰流畅的文章，需要把文章中各部分巧妙地连接在一起。这样可使文章自然而别致，并能层层展开主题句，完整地表达中心思想。而过渡词（Transitional Words）是连接这些部分的纽带。

过渡词是一种关系指引词，一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外，代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词能使文章启、承、转、合，融会贯通，连成一体。

一、过渡词的分类

1. 根据意思和作用的不同，过渡词可以分为以下十五类：

（1）表并列关系的过渡词:

and, also， as well, as well as， or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor

（2）表递进关系的过渡词:

besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more， what’s worse

（3）表转折对比的过渡词：

but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others

（4）表原因的过渡词:

because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to（由于）

（5）表结果的过渡词:

so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that

（6）表条件的过渡词:

if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as

（7）表时间的过渡词:

when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment

（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:

first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）

（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词:

in other words, that is to say, to put it another way

（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词:

for instance, for example, like, such as

（11）表陈述事实的过渡词:

in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

（12）表强调的过渡词:

certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously

（13）表比较的过渡词：

like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to

（14）表目的的过渡词：

for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to

（15）表总结的过渡词:

in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary

2. 文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。―启‖就是开头, ―承‖是承接，―转‖是转折，―合‖是综合或总结。

（1）用于―启‖的过渡词语 用于表示―启‖的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头：

first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,

It is often said that…,

As the proverb says…,

It goes without saying that…,

It is clear/obvious that…,

Many people often ask …

（2）用于―承‖的过渡词语 表示―承‖的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中：

second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt， It is true that…,

Everybody knows that…,

It can be easily proved that…,

No one can deny that…

The reason why …is that …,

There is no doubt that…,

To take…for an example (instance) …,

We know that…,

What is more serious is that…

（3）用于―转‖的过渡词语 用于―转‖的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中：

but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), nevertheless(虽然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead, I do not believe that…,

Perhaps you’ll ask why…

This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,

Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,

That’s why I feel that…

（4）用于―合‖的过渡词语 用于―合‖的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：

in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum up

From this point of view …

On account of this we can find that …

The result is dependent on …

Thus, this is the reason why we must…

二、过渡词的应用

有的学生在作文中使用过多简单句，成了简单句堆砌；有的写复杂句时，动辄用so， and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而使句子结构松散、呆板。为了避免这种现象，可以通过使用不同的过渡词,不仅能够丰富句型，而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚，意义更连贯。例如：

1. 学生习作

TV and website

TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Websites also have different sections. You may choose the one you are most interested in.

They are different in many ways. Moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation. It makes you feel that you are just on the spot. The programs change every day. Professional TV reporters do the report for TV.

Some information on websites change all the time. Not all of it is so updated. Everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporter.

Every medium has its own features. It is hard to say which is better.

这段文字用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。如果使用过渡词，将单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。

修改后的文章：

TV and website

Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Similar to TV, websites also have different sections, so that you may choose the one you are most interested in.

However, they are different in many ways. Above all, moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation, which makes you feel as if you are just on the spot. Then, the programs change every day and professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Unlike TV, some information on websites change all the time, but not all of it is so updated. In addition, everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporter.

In a word, every medium has its own features, so it is hard to say which is better.

修改后的文章用过渡词来衔接上下段

第一段第一句为：Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common.

第二段第一句为：However, they are different in many ways.

第三段第一句为：In a word, every medium has its own features…

这篇短文每一段的第一句都是主题句，在每个主题句前使用Both…and, However, In a word使全文有序地衔接起来。

如果在文章中再恰当使用其他的过渡词，会使文章增色很多。（见上文）

我们常常遇到这样的作文题目，如：发展私人轿车的利与弊、科学发明的利与弊、网上购物的利与弊。这些题目常常是谈论一个事物的两个方面，这时只要使用表示转折的过渡词就能很好地连接上下段。

As a new way of shopping, online shopping is becoming more and more popular in our daily life.

Online shopping has many advantages. First, online shopping makes it easier for us to buy things. Instead of searching a crowded store, we just need to watch the computer screen and choose the things we like. Second, it is much faster for us to do shopping. We don’t have to spend a lot of time going to shops. Third, we can see a great deal of goods shown on the computer screen at the same time.

However, online shopping is not so perfect. The pictures of goods shown on the computer screen are not always what they are. As a result, we can be cheated easily. What’s worse, we can not see the things in detail.

Despite the disadvantages of online shopping, I think it is an advanced way to do shopping. So we should develop it.

2. 2005年高考作文题

我们主要看一下今年的高考作文题中过渡词的使用:

2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（1）

英 语

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，正在英国牛津参加短期语言培训，计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上一则广告引起了你的注意，但一些具体信息不明确（箭头所指内容）。请给该旅行社发一封电子邮件，询问有关情况。

注意：

1. 词数100左右，信的格式已为你写好。

2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 参考词汇：牛津——Oxford 费用——fee

Dear Sir/Madame,

______________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Possible version:

Dear Sir/Madame,

I’m writing for more information about the day tour to London. As a student at Oxford University, I’d like to know if you have any special price for students. As for the money you charge, does it cover the entrance fees for visiting the places listed? What about lunch? Is it included? Or do I need to bring along my own food?

How long will the tour last? Since I need to prepare my lessons for the next day, I’d like to know the time to return. Besides, is there any time for shopping? I really want to have a look at the big stores in London.

Yours,Li Hua

2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语（北京卷）

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节 情景作文（20分）

篇二：英语写作逻辑连接词

常用程度和语句副词：

常用的程度副词包括：

absolutely,almost,awfully,completely,considerably,deeply,entirely,exactly,extremely,fairly,greatly,hardly,immensely, increasingly, more and more, much, nearly, partly, perfectly, profoundly, quite, rather, scarcely, slightly, somehow, somewhat, thoroughly, to some extent, utterly, very. 常用语句副词包括：

Actually,admittedly,certainly,clearly,definitely,evidently,fortunately,frankly,honestly,luckly,more

importantly,naturely,surprisingly,obviously,perhaps,preferably,p(来自:WWw.zW2.CN 爱作文网)robably,possible,strangely,superficially,surely,technically,theoretically,undeniably,unexpectedly,unfortunately.

常用逻辑连接词：

1.因果关系：…and so …; another important factor/reason…; as a consequence; as a result; as; because; because of; being that; consequently; due to; for the reason that; for the same reason; for; hence; for this reason; in consequence; in that…; in view of; owing to; since; so; …so that…; the reason seems obvious; there are about…; therefore; thus; obviously; evidently

2.并列关系：and; also; as well as; both…and…; either…or…; neither…nor…; not only…but also; in the same way; too

3.序列关系：first…,second…,third, and so forth; A…,B…,C…, and so 1

forth; next; and then; following this; at the same time; now; at this point; after; afterwards; subsequently; finally; previously; before this; simultaneously; concurrently; thus; therefore; hence; soon

4.递进关系：accordingly; as a popular saying goes…; as far as…is concerned; at the same time; besides; even; further; furthermore; in addition; in order to…; in other words; in the first place…, in the second place; in this way; meanwhile; moreover; not only…, but also…; not…but…; lastly; for one thing…, for another

5.时间关系：afterwards; again, also, and then, as soon as; at least; before; besides, eventually; every; first; first of all; first and foremost; for a start; meanwhile; in the meantime; while; now; next; not…until; later; formerly; previously; prior to; since then; since; subsequently; simultaneously, since, so far, soon, till; to begin with; to start with; when; then, until, until now, when

6.转折关系；yet; but; unless; despite that; in spite of; though; although; although this may be true; even so; even though; however; sometimes; once in a while; independent of; reckless of; regardless of

7.条件关系：as long as; even if; even though; if it necessary; if not all; if possible; if so; if; lest; once; provided that; unless

8.重复关系；in brief; as I have said; as I have noted; as has been noted; as is mentioned above, that is to say, in simpler words, in other words, to put it in another way, to put the point another way

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9.比较关系(Comparison)：apart from; by the same token; compared with; in comparison with; in the same vein; in the same way, like; likewise; rather than; similarly; similarly important; equally; when compared with; when in fact…, also, in the same way,

10.举例关系(Example or Illustration)；after all, as an illustration, a good example would be; even, for example; for instance; in this case; in another case; on this occasion; in this situation; indeed, in fact, in other words, it is true, namely, specifically, that is, thus, take the case of; to demonstrate; to illustrate; according to; as an illustration; as for; as regards; as to; in particular; including; namely; notably; such as; like; take…as an example; you may say

11. 对比关系(Contrast)：although, and yet, at the same time, after all; as opposed to; but at the same time, balanced against; conversely; on the one hand…on the other hand…; contrary to; conversely unlike; despite that, different from this; for all that, however; even so, even though, in contrast; in spite of, instead, nevertheless; notwithstanding, on the other hand, otherwise, on the contrary; oppose to; regardless, still, though, whereas; while, up against; vis a vis; where; yet

12.强调关系：definitely; extremely; obviously; absolutely; positively; naturally; surprisingly; always; forever; perennially; eternally; emphatically; never; unquestionably; without a doubt; certainly; surely; undeniably; without reservation; believe it or not; especially; particularly; 3

in particular; specifically; in fact; as a matter of fact; actually; in deed; moreover; not to mention…; what is more important; notably; that is

13.总结关系；all in all, as has been said, accordingly; altogether; as a result; consequently; finally, hence; in one word; in brief; in short; in other words; in summary; on the whole; in conclusion; overall; the conclusion can be safely drawn that…; therefore; to conclude; to sum up; to put it differently, to summarize, summing up; as I have shown; as I have said ; hence; all in all

14.补充关系（Addition）:again, also, and, and then, besides, equally important, finally, first, further, furthermore, in addition

15.让步关系（Concession）:granted, naturally, of course

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篇三：英语写作逻辑关系词语较全面归纳

英语写作逻辑关系词语较全面归纳(转) 分享给好友

作者：燕玮蝶 已被分享1次 评论(0)

表逻辑关系的词语归纳：

1.表顺承、补充与递进:and; what’s more; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition; additionally; further（而且，况且）; similarly; also; either; too; again(另外，还有); what’s worse; even worse; worse still; to make matters/things worse(使事情更糟的是).

如：I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too tired.

The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the location is perfect. Then again, we must consider the other aspects of the problem.

2.表转折：but; however; yet; instead; on the other hand（另一方面）; on the contrary（相反地）; nevertheless（然而）; otherwise; after all(毕竟).

Eg: It’s too hot to go for a walk, let’s go swimming istead.

3.表因果：

(1)引出原因: for; as; since; now that; because; thanks/owing/due to; because of; on account of; as a result/consequence of; in consequence of; result from（vt，由。。。引起）;

Eg: We should be more careful, for it is already dark.

Let’s stay at home, for it’s raining hard outside.

(2)引出结果: so; therefore; thus; hence; as a result/consequence; in consequence; consequently; account for（v，是。。。的原因）; result in（vt，导致）; lead to（vt，导致）; bring about（vt，导致）; cause（vt，导致）; so that(以致); (so…)that;

(祈使句+)and/or/otherwise（+句子）

Eg: These birds are very rare and therefore protected by law.

4.表让步: although; though; while; even if/though; while; as倒装句； 疑问词-ever; no matter +疑问词; despite; in spite of; however; in any case;

Eg: While I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive.

Much as you traveled, rarely can you find such a beautiful place anywhere else.

Fail as I did, I would never give up.

5.表目的: in order to/that; so as to; for fear that; so that(以便); lest; in case（以防，以免）.

Eg: He ran away lest he should be seen.

She took an umbrella with her for fear (that) it might rain. Take your umbrella in case it rains.

6.表条件: if; unless; once(一旦,用于将来动作); so/as long as（只

要）; suppose (that); supposing that; providing (that); provided (that) ; assuming (that) ; given that; on condition that（如果）; in case+句子; in case of+名词（万一）.

Eg: Given that the patients have some disabilities, we will try to enable them to be as independent as possible.

In case John comes, please tell him to wait.

You may borrow the book, on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.

7.表时间: before; after; when; while; as; since; until; till; the week/year; all the time; any/every/each time; the first/last time; by the time; once（一。。。就。。。，用于过去动作）; as soon as; the moment/minute/instant/second/time+句子;

immediately/instantly/directly+句子; no sooner…than…;

hardly/scarcely…when…; soon/shortly after; on/upon+名词/动名词; at the/first sight of（一看到。。。就。。。）; at the sound of（一听到。。。就。。。）; ever since（从那时以来）; from then on; lately; recently; later; afterwards; soon.

Eg: We’ll leave the minute you are ready.

I recognized her the moment I saw her.

Be sure to call on us next time you come to Beijing.

You are welcome to come any time you want to.

Instantly I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for. We called the First-aid Center immediately the traffic accident happened. Directly you press the button, the machine will start.

I had hardly come home when it began to rain.

= Hardly had I come home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I entered the room than I heard a loud noise.

=As soon as I entered the room, I heard a loud noise.

8．表示特定的顺序关系：above all; first of all; firstly; first; secondly; second; then; next; finally; in the end;eventually;at last; at length. Eg: And above all, remember to send us your new address.

Firstly I’ll mention the advantage, then I’ll talk about the disadvantages.

9. 换一种方式表达：in other words; that is to say; to put it another way. Eg: Let’s go back to the original plan, that is to say, you go ahead by plane and we’ll follow by car with the equipment.

Your performance in the exam didn’t reach the required standard—in other words, you failed.

10. 进行举例说明：for instance; for example; like; such as. Eg: A lot of us want to leave now—Bill, for example.

We’ve planted lots of different flowers, such as roses, carnations.

11. 用于陈述事实：in fact; in reality; as a matter of fact; actually; to tell you the truth.

Eg: She says it’s a good film. Actually, she hasn’t seen it at all. To tell you the truth, who will go to the meeting is not important.

12. 对一个话题进行总结：on the whole; in short; all in all; in general; in a word.

Eg: On the whole, the area of desert in the world is growing every year. In short, the film was the best I’ve ever seen.