英语中连词that、which等的区别.

英语中连词that、which等的区别.
英语中连词that、which等的区别.

英语中连词that、which等的区别.
that 可以是人也可以是物 但是WHICH是物
①先行词是不定代词all,something,anything,everything,none,the one,little,much等时,要用 that/who/whom,而不用 which.
【例】
All that heard the news was delighted.T
所有听到这个消息的人都很高兴.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
我能为您做点什么?
②先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时,要用that,而不用which.
【例】
He was the best king that ever ruled the country.
他是曾统治过这个国家的最好的一位国王.
This is the best film that I have ever seen for years.
这是几年来我看到的最好的一部电影.
③先行词前有序数词修饰时,要用that,而不用which.
【例】
This is the fifth book that I have ever written.
这是我写好的第五本书.
④先行词前有形容词only,very,few,little,no,right等修 饰时,要用that,而不用which.
【例】
She was the only person that was invited to the Palace.
她是被请进宫里来的惟一一位.
⑤先行词既指人,又指物时,只能使用that.
【例】
They told about thing and person that they remember at school.他们谈论了他们记起的人和事.
（2）在下列情况下要用 which:
①在非限制性定语从句中.
【例】
She made great progress and won a prize,which gave us a surprise.她取得了很大进步并获得了奖金,这使我们很惊讶.
Mrs Tailor's cat,which was very old,became ill and then died.泰勒太太的猫很老了,生病以后就死了.
②在介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,必须使用which.
【例】
This is the knife with which John hurt somebody.
这就是约翰伤人的那把刀.
He built a telescope through which he could see things far away.他建了一个望远镜,通过它,他可以看见远处的东西.
③当先行词本身是that时,使用which.
【例】
The predicate is that which is said of the subject.
谓语是对主语的陈述.
④当关系词后面有插入语时.
【例】
Here is the ALD which,as I have told you,is a great help to you.这是《牛津高级学者字典》,正如我告诉你的那样,对你会有很大的帮助.
（3）在下列情况下,只许用关系代词who,而不使用that：
①先行词为those,one,ones,anyone,people等时.
【例】
Those who are from Qingdao come this way.
从青岛来的人,这边走.
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
无论是谁,犯了法,都应该受到惩罚.
③当先行词后有较长的后置定语时,或定语从句被分隔时.
【例】
A teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.
明天就要来一位老师,他将教你们德语.
③当先行词是用-body或-one构成的不定代词时,关系代词多 使用who.
【例】
Is there anybody else who should be invited?
还有没有要邀请的别人呢?
④当先行词是集合名词时,如果着眼于集体,使用 that／ which；如果着眼于个体,则使用 who.
【例】
Our team,which took the second place last year,played better this year.
我们队去年取得第二名,今年打的比去年好.
Our team,who are all under the age of twenty,will do well in the final match.
我们队的队员都不到20岁,将在决赛中,好好打.
（4）关系代词as和which的区别
①二者都可以引导非限制性定语从句,用来修饰或限制整个 主句的内容,有时可以互换使用.
【例】
He is a foreigner,as/which I know from his accent.
从他的口音我知道他是个外国人.
②定语从句放在句首时,只用as,不能使用which.
【例】
AS anybody can see,a computer can do almost everything people can.
正如人人所见,计算机几乎可以做人能做的一切事.
③当非限制性定语从句为否定句时,常使用which引导.
【例】
Mr Zhang usually criticizes Mary in public,which shedoesn't like at all.
张老师经常在公开场合批评玛丽,这是她根本不喜欢的.
④当非限制性定语从句的谓语是一个复合结构时,常使用which引导.
【例】
Little Bob always tells a lie,which his parents find strange.
小鲍勃总是说谎,这使他的父母感到很吃惊.
⑤当as在从句中作主语时,后面的谓语动词常常使用被动语态；如果从句中是主动语态,一般多使用which.
【例】
She has been late again,as was expected.
她又迟到了,这在意料之中.
Tom made great Progress in Chinese,whlch made us delighted.
汤姆的中文取得了很大的进步,这使我们很高兴.

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