英语翻译4.2 Results and Analysis4.2.1 Scalability StudyIn this set of simulations,we studied the performance ofDOA when the network size varied from 100 nodes to1,400 nodes.The network sizes and the respective networkareas are shown in Table 1.Th

英语翻译4.2 Results and Analysis4.2.1 Scalability StudyIn this set of simulations,we studied the performance ofDOA when the network size varied from 100 nodes to1,400 nodes.The network sizes and the respective networkareas are shown in Table 1.Th
英语翻译
4.2 Results and Analysis
4.2.1 Scalability Study
In this set of simulations,we studied the performance of
DOA when the network size varied from 100 nodes to
1,400 nodes.The network sizes and the respective network
areas are shown in Table 1.The size and the area were
selected so that the node density was approximately
constant,which would properly reflect the scalability of
routing protocols.For each performance metric,we compared
DOA with DSR and AODV.The results are shown in
Figs.6a,6b,6c,6d,and 6e.
Control Overhead.The main purpose of using hierarchy
in MANETs is to reduce the routing overhead.Fig.6a
shows the control overhead of DOA,DSR,and AODV.We
observe that DOA has much less control overhead than
AODV when the network size increases while supporting
high PDR (Fig.6b).For networks with 100 nodes,three
protocols incur approximately the same amount of control
overhead; for networks with 600 nodes,DOA saves
68 percent control packets compared to AODV; for networks
with 1,400 nodes,DOA saves 80 percent control
packets compared to AODV.The larger the network size is,
the more control packets are saved by DOA.DSR incurs
slightly less control overhead than DOA.However,the PDR
of DSR is much less than DOA and AODV (Fig.6b).
Control overhead in DOA is significantly reduced
because of the use of the waypoint routing hierarchy.
WPR enables the localization of route maintenance activities.
For example,a broken route can be repaired at the
intrasegment level or at the intersegment level.The low
control overhead is critical for DOA to scale to large
MANETs.
Three optimizations to AODV have been studied [25]
(which will be discussed in Section 5),including expanding
ring search,query localization,and local repair.These
optimizations can be incorporated in DOA to reduce the
intrasegment routing overhead further.
Packet Delivery Ratio.Fig.6b shows the PDRs of DOA,
DSR,and AODV.We observe that DSR cannot scale to
networks beyond a few hundred nodes.For networks with
600 nodes,DSR delivers 50 percent data packets.On the
other hand,both DOA and AODV show high PDRs even for
networks with more than 1,000 nodes.For all network sizes
from 100 nodes to 1,400 nodes,DOA consistently delivers
about 2 percent-3 percent more data packets than AODV.
DOA maintains routes hierarchically and repairs a
broken route locally.Thus,an active route in DOA usually
lasts longer and more data packets can be delivered.AODV
shows very comparable PDR to DOA.However,the control
overhead of AODV is significantly higher.DSR does not
scale well because it has higher packet header overhead and
keeps routing information in nondistributed manner,as
discussed in Section 2.1.

英语翻译4.2 Results and Analysis4.2.1 Scalability StudyIn this set of simulations,we studied the performance ofDOA when the network size varied from 100 nodes to1,400 nodes.The network sizes and the respective networkareas are shown in Table 1.Th
4.2结果和分析
4.2.1可测量性研究
In这套模仿,我们学习了表现 DOA,当网络大小从100个结变化了到
1,400结.网络大小和各自网络
areas在表1.显示.大小和区域是
selected,以便结密度大约是
constant,将适当地反射的可测量性routing协议.为公尺每表现,我们比较了与DSR和AODV的DOA.结果显示
Figs.6a、6b、6c、6d和6e.顶上的Control.使用阶层的主要目的in MANETs是减少发送天花板.图6a
shows控制天花板DOA、DSR和AODV.我们
observe DOA比有较少控制天花板AODV,当网络大小增加,当支持时high PDR (图6b).为与100个结的网络,三
protocols大约招致相同数量控制
overhead; 为与600个结的网络,DOA保存
68百分之控制小包与AODV比较; 为网络
with 1,400结,DOA保存80%控制
packets与AODV比较.越大网络大小是,
the更多控制小包由DOA保存.DSR招致
slightly顶上较少的控制比DOA.然而,PDR
of DSR比DOA和AODV (图6b)是较少.顶上在DOA显著减少Control由于使用的小站发送阶层.
WPR使能路线维护活动的地方化.
例如,一条残破的路线可以被修理在
intrasegment水平或在intersegment水平.低
control天花板是重要为了DOA能称对大
MANETs.对AODV的Three优化是被学习的[25] 在第5)部分将被谈论的 (包括扩展
ring查寻、询问地方化和地方修理.这些
optimizations在DOA可以被合并减少
intrasegment发送顶上更加进一步.
Packet交付比率.图6b显示DOA,PDRs DSR和AODV.我们观察DSR不可能称到在几百个结之外的networks.为与的网络600结,DSR交付50%数据包.在
other手,DOA和AODV显示高PDRs甚而的与超过1,000个结的networks.为所有网络估量
from 100结到1,400个结,DOA一贯地提供
about 2百分之3百分之多数据包比AODV.
DOA分层地维护路线并且修理地方broken路线.因此,在通常DOA 的一条活跃路线可以交付lasts和长期更多数据包.AODV
shows非常对DOA的可比较的PDR.然而,控制AODV overhead显着更高.DSR不因为它有更高的包标头天花板和,scale涌出keeps路由选择信息以非分布的方式,作为在第2.1部分的discussed.

4.2结果与分析4.2.1可扩展性研究在这集的模拟，我们研究了方位时的性能不同的网络规模从100个节点到1400节点。该网络的大小和各自的网络领域见表1。大小和地区选择上的节点密度约为不变，这将适当反映了路由协议的可扩展性。对于每一个性能指标，比较与DSR和AODV方位。结果显示在图。第6A，6B，6C，6D拟议，及6E。控制开销。在层次结构中使用无线自组网的主要目的是为了减少路由开销。图。 6a...

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4.2结果与分析4.2.1可扩展性研究在这集的模拟，我们研究了方位时的性能不同的网络规模从100个节点到1400节点。该网络的大小和各自的网络领域见表1。大小和地区选择上的节点密度约为不变，这将适当反映了路由协议的可扩展性。对于每一个性能指标，比较与DSR和AODV方位。结果显示在图。第6A，6B，6C，6D拟议，及6E。控制开销。在层次结构中使用无线自组网的主要目的是为了减少路由开销。图。 6a显示的方位，DSR和AODV的控制开销。我们注意到，方位有很大的控制开销低于AODV协议时，同时支持高人民民主共和国（图6B）网络规模的增加。对于具有100个节点的网络，三个协议招致大约相同数量的控制开销;网络与600个节点，方位控制节省百分之68相比，AODV的数据包;为1400节点网络，可节省百分之八十方位控制相比，AODV协议的数据包。网络规模越大，越控制报文救了死尸。 DSR路由招致略低于方位控制开销。然而，人民民主共和国的DSR比方位和AODV（图6B）少。控制在DOA的开销大大降低由于航点的路由结构的使用。并列健康状况最佳的路线使维修活动本地化。例如，修复破碎的路线可以在intrasegment级别或分部间的水平。低的控制开销是至关重要的方位扩展到大型随意网路。三要优化的AODV进行了研究[25]（这将在第5节讨论），包括扩大环搜索，查询定位，和当地修理。这些优化将其纳入方位，以减少路由开销intrasegment进一步。封包传输率。图。 6b显示的方位，DSR和AODV协议的PDRs。我们注意到，DSR路由不能规模超出几百节点网络。对于600节点的网络，路由数据包提供了百分之五十。另一方面，无论是DOA和AODV协议表明，即使是对超过1000个节点网络的高PDRs。对于所有网络节点规模从100至1400点，比AODV的方位一直致力于提供约百分之二，百分之三更多的数据包。路线方位维护和修理破碎的分层路由本地。这样，在DOA主动路由通常持续时间更长，更多的数据包可以被传递。 AODV协议显示了非常类似人民民主共和国目标方位。然而，AODV协议的控制开销是相当高。 DSR路由不能很好地扩展，因为它具有较高的数据包包头的开销，并保持在非分布式路由信息的方式，如在第2.1节讨论。

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