人教版的.
来源:学生作业帮助网 编辑:作业帮 时间:2024/11/16 21:59:39
人教版的.
人教版的.
人教版的.
1.人称代词
主格:I we you she he it they
宾格:me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词:my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词:mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger,etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting,etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er
bigger fatter,etc.
(4) 把y变i,再+er
heavier,earlier
(5) 不规则变化:
well-better,much/many-more,etc.
3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s,sh,ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread,rice,water ,juice etc.
5.缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc
6.a/an
a book,a peach
an egg an hour
7.Preposition:
on,in ,in front of,between,next to,near,beside,at,behind.
表示时间:at six o’clock,at Christmas,at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8.基数词和序数词
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9.Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10.be 动词
(1) Basic form:am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑问句:Am I a Chniese?Yes,you are.No,you aren’t.
Are they American?Yes,they are.No,they aren’t.
Is the cat fat?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.
11.there be 结构
肯定句:There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there Yes,there is./ No,there isn’t.
Are there…?Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.
否定句:There isn’t ….There aren’t….
12.祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down,please.
13.现在进行时.通常用“now”.
形式:be + verb +ing
eg:I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14 一般现在时.通常用 “usually,often,every day,sometimes”.
形式:
肯定句:
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day .时,有时会遇到多种情况,很难从整体上加以解决.这时需要对各种情况加以分类,并逐类求解,然后综合得解,这就是分类讨论法.分类讨论是一种逻辑方法,是一种重要的数学思想,同时也是一种重要的解题策略,它体现了化整为零、积零为整的思想与归类整理的方法.有关分类讨论思想的数学问题具有明显的逻辑性、综合性、探索性,能训练人的思维条理性和概括性,所以在高考试题中占有重要的位置.
分类讨论的原因:进行分类讨论的关键是明确分类讨论的原因,即认识为什么要分类讨论,只有明确了讨论的原因,才能准确、恰当地进行分类与讨论.历年来高考中的这类题目,若探究其分类原因,大致可分为以下几种类型.
① 概念型:问题所涉及到的数学概念是分类进行定义的.如空集是任何非空集合的真子集,直线的斜率等.再现性题组 1
② 性质型:问题中涉及到的数学定理、公式和运算性质、法则有范围或者条件限制,或者是分类给出的.如等比数列的前n项和的公式,分q=1和q≠1两种情况.
再现性题组 2
③含参型:解含有参数的题目时,必须根据参数的不同取值范围a>0、a=0和a1讨论;等比数列中分公比q=1和q≠1的讨论;
4、 三角函数:角的象限及函数值范围的讨论;
5、 不等式:解不等式时含参数时的讨论 ,均值不等式相等条件是否满足的讨论;
6、立体几何:点线面及图形位置关系的不确定性引起的讨论;
平面解析几何:直线点斜式时k分存在和不存在,直线截距式时分b=0和b≠0讨论 ; 轨迹方程中含参时曲线类型及形状的讨论;
7 、 排列组合概率中的分类计算问题;
8、去绝对值时的讨论及分段函数的讨论等.
分类的原则:
分类的对象是确定的,标准是统一的,不遗漏、不重复,分层次、不越级讨论.即要证明一个命题对于集合P成立,可将集合P分成若干个子集pi(1≤i≤n),且满足P=P1∪P2∪…∪Pn(其中Pi∩Pj=¢,i≠j、1≤i、j≤n),然后分别证明命题对P1,P2,…Pn都成立,则命题对P成立.
分类讨论的一般步骤:
(1)明确讨论对象及对象的范围P.(即对哪一个参数进行讨论);
(2)确定分类标准,将P进行合理分类,标准统一、不重不漏,不越级讨论.;
(3)逐类讨论,获取阶段性结果.(化整为零,各个击破);