lick,the,boy,foot

篇一：英语青色小说

There was a hurriedly-called town meeting at the junior high gym, to discuss what might be done about the maniac who was terrorizing the area, so I knew there was no one else at home. Very stupid or very trusting people. Also no near neighbors, so I went in through her bedroom window. The girl had stayed home from school that day with the flu and hadn't gone to the meeting with her family. Now she was sleeping on her back, only partly covered by a sheet, wearing a boy's old sport shirt.

A sweet face with wide, full lips. Most important, a long swanlike neck. A really lovely girl; she'd be a beauty if she grew up. I clamped a hand hard over her mouth. She woke instantly and began struggling in desperation. Then I showed her the .38, first a side-view so she'd know what it was, and then a view directly into the end of the barrel, an inch from her eye.

She wasn't stupid or naive; she knew already what I wanted and began to tremble. I made a 'silence' gesture with my trigger finger and smiled. She swallowed and nodded once, her blue eyes wide and terrified, and I took my hand away from her mouth.

I wrapped my fist around her pale blonde ponytail and yanked her to a sitting position. I could tell it hurt and I regretted that, but it kept her hands busy trying to hold onto her hair as she moved. I ripped the top sheet off the bed with my other hand. Then I motioned to her shirt. Her hands shook as she unbuttoned it and shrugged it off.

She was thirteen years old, just beginning to develop real breasts, but her nipples stood erect because of her fear. I've seen that before. She was a swimmer and her figure was trim and slender with no baby fat. A nice body for thirteen. I gripped her ponytail and yanked her flat on her back again; her shallow breasts jiggled and she cried out in pain. I pointed to her white cotton panties. She tried to shake her head but couldn't.

"Please . . . ," she whispered, and the tears trickled down the sides of her face. I brought the muzzle of the revolver to bear again and raised both eyebrows.

She shut her eyes tightly and pushed her panties down as far as she could reach, and I pulled them slowly off of her. She had long legs, slender and tanned like the rest of her, with long athletic muscles. Slender ankles and small feet, too. I was right; she really was a very pretty girl.

She was also a natural blonde. Her pubic hair was light and fine and the crevice below it was completely bare. I wondered if she was still a virgin. One could never tell these days, even with a girl her age. I spread her legs and motioned for her to bend and raise her knees so her genitals were open and exposed. I moved my hand from her ponytail to her throat and while she was dealing with that, I shoved the four-inch barrel of my gun into her.

She jerked in terror and tried to cry out, but my hand on her windpipe allowed only a small, scratchy sound to escape. I withdrew the muzzle and noted the dark blood on the end. A small amount of blood was also trickling from between her legs.

I pulled her back up to a sitting position and then slapped her hard across the face five or six times, knocking her back on the bed in a half-conscious daze. I took the opportunity to set the revolver on the floor and flip her over on her stomach. The technique has proved useful. I pulled the already looped and knotted hemp cord from the pocket of my sweatsuit and quickly tied her wrists firmly to the posts at the foot of her bed. Her arms were stretched almost out of their sockets. Then I tied her ankles to the corners of the headboard, pulling the slip-knots tight. I satisfied myself that she couldn't move by plucking the cords like guitar strings. She was drawn but she hadn't been quartered yet.

I picked up the panties she had reluctantly removed, reached under her firm little bottom, and stuffed them into her to staunch the bleeding. She hung off the end of her bed facing the floor, her ponytail dangling down the side of her neck. She emerged from her daze and discovered her immobility. She tugged unsuccessfully at the cord and began to whimper again, but I was holding the gun.

I knelt on the floor and lifted her head by her hair so she could see my face. Then I spoke for the first time since entering her room.

"Darling, what we're going to do is have sex. You already know that, don't you?" She was unable to speak and I felt her feeble attempt to nod. "But we're not going to do it the way you probably think. You're bleeding, remember? No, we'll do it another way."

I let her head flop back as I stood and heard her teeth crack against the top of the wooden footboard. I dug into my other pocket and then pulled off my sweatsuit and moved around to the side of the bed. I set the revolver on the sheet, snug against her hip. Then I knelt between her trembling legs, uncapped the nearly empty tube of K-Y I had brought with me, and covered my middle finger with it. When I pushed the finger into her ass, her buttocks jerked and tightened, and she gasped with shock.

"Loosen up and this will be easier." I made a hook of my finger and lifted. She stifled a cry and made an apparent effort to relax.

"That's better, now." I smeared more of the jelly on the head of my cock, which was now fully erect, and leaned forward, placing the tip against the brown ridges of her sphincter. I have found it's easiest to do this part quickly, so I took a breath and shoved hard. She cried out when the head popped into her and began sobbing when I thrust forward.

"No, please," she begged tearfully. "Please, don't! It hurts!" A nice touch, I had to admit.

Two more hard thrusts, and she was impaled to the hilt. A young girl's hole is always a snug fit, but this one's slender build seemed to include a particularly tight, particularly long rectal passage. Then, as I put my weight across her smooth, warm body, I felt a sudden wetness around my balls. She had lost control and peed in her bed. The aroma of a young girl's urine is heady and acrid -- probably something to do with puberty. I enjoyed the added effect.

I penetrated her again and again, increasing the tempo as her natural moisture improved the lubrication. She was sobbing loudly in syncopation with my movements and I reached under and cupped her little breasts in my hands, squeezing them hard and pinching her nipples. She wailed even louder.

"Keep making so much noise, and I might not ever stop."

She managed to smother her sobs and I let go of her breasts, raising myself up on my elbows in preparation for the completion of this phase. After a couple of minutes of increasingly forceful jabs, I climaxed, ejaculating into her intestines.

I rested atop her a moment to regain my breath, then pulled out of her ass. There were small flecks of brown around the head, as I knew there would be. As I backed up on my knees, I was careful to drag my balls through the aromatic puddle she had made.

I climbed off the bed and stretched my arms to get the kinks out, then checked the cords around her slender ankles. Her toes were turning blue. I licked the sole of her right foot and it twitched and her toes tried to curl, so she still had some feeling.

I went back to the foot of the bed, knelt, and lifted her ponytail. Her eyes were blue and red now from crying; not very attractive. One front tooth had broken on the footboard and a gash where she had bitten her lip dribbled blood down her chin. She should be more careful about her appearance. I gave her head a shake to get her attention.

"Now, what I'm going to do is put my cock in your mouth, and you're going to lick it and suck on it. Do you understand what I'm talking about?"

She hesitated and then whispered "Yeth."

I knelt again before her face, naked this time. Her mouth was at just the right height. I reached under her body and pinched her nipple again, hard. She winced but made no sound; she was learning.

My cock was erect again and trembling. I pulled the rubber band off her hair so it scattered over her shoulders. I put down the .38 and gathered a fistful of hair at each temple, then raised her head and brushed her beautiful lips with the tip of my cock.

"Lick it, darling. And keep your eyes open." Her little red tongue came out and tentatively touched the underside of the head. She could smell and probably taste her own body on it.

"Show some enthusiasm, darling, or I'll hurt you. Really hurt you." Her eyes showed comprehension. She knew I meant it.

She began swabbing her tongue around the tip, licking it like a Tootsie Pop. I moved closer and raised the angle so she could lick up and down the length of it. I lifted it still higher and she began licking my balls without prompting. For a beginner, she was pretty good. Or her fear overrode her natural nervousness. I've seen that before, too.

"You've never done this with a boy, have you? What's the farthest you've gone with a boy? Answer me, and tell the truth." She was weeping again.

"No, I haven't," she whimpered. "I let a boy feel my tits once, out in the field behind the school."

A naughty girl, but I always preferred being the first. A young girl needs an experienced, older man her first time. But enough foreplay. I repositioned myself.

"Now we're going inside. Suck on the head and run your tongue around it." She took it in like a trooper and sucked like she knew her life depended on it. Her mouth was drying up, though. I withdrew myself and bent her head back against the nape of her slender neck.

"Open your mouth wide and stick out your tongue, darling. Stop crying now." She followed instructions and I spat a large wad of saliva into her mouth. She only gagged once.

"Don't swallow, now; you're going to need that." I lowered her head and pushed back into her mouth. She began sucking again. Much better. It was my spit, after all, and I knew where it had been.

"Very good. Now I'm going to fuck your face, darling -- and if you bite me, I will hurt you a great deal." I clenched my fists in her hair for emphasis and she whimpered again. I began to plunge in and out of her mouth, but she couldn't keep her teeth out of the way. Well, that wasn't really her fault. I shifted one hand to the top of her head and took a tighter grip on her hair. Then I hooked two fingers over her bottom teeth and held her lower jaw down. I began pushing my pulsating cock into the back of her mouth and then down her throat. She gagged in earnest and her breath, what little she could draw, whistled in and out of her nostrils. I felt the warmness stir my pubic hair.

I was becoming concerned that she might strangle before I could finish, but at least she hadn't thrown up. A few dry heaves was the most she could manage. That was another reason why late night was best: Most young girls had very little in their stomachs by that hour. And, of course, she hadn't eaten because of the flu.

Glancing at her hands, I saw that she had pulled so hard on the slip-knotted cords that several of her fingers were turning deep purple from lack of circulation. I could feel my orgasm rising and I rammed past her epiglottis as hard and as deep as I could. On the last lunge, I stretched her jaw a fraction lower and my balls bounced into her mouth as well.

I let go of her jaw then, because she already could hardly breath and now my hair was poking up her nostrils. She hadn't the strength or the presence of mind to bite me. I strained forward as I

climaxed deep down her throat. Then I locked my fingers behind her head and pulled her face even tighter against my crotch. I jerked several times as I continued to come and she jerked several times as her air disappeared.

I waited another two or three minutes until I felt her neck muscles go slack and her body sag. Then another minute, just to be sure. Finally, I extricated my genitals from her mouth. Her lower jaw remained open at an unusual angle. Probably unhinged on one side. No need to leave her like that.

I probed the back corner of her mandible with two fingers and found the spot, then gave the lower front of her jaw an openhanded blow that snapped it back into place. Her jaw was undoubtedly broken now, but it looked better.

I went into her bathroom and splashed water on my face and washed the residue off my genitals, and dried myself with one of her towels, and brushed my hair with her brush. I went back into her bedroom and put on my sweatsuit. Looking around, I remembered to pick up the tube of K-Y. Its smooth surface was an excellent place to leave prints. I knew from experience that the coarse hemp cord wouldn't take prints so I left her tied. Anyway, I could see a few white wrist bones surrounded by chewed-looking flesh. The cord had tightened so far into her wrists and ankles, it would be impossible to remove it without taking some of her with it. All of her had to stay here, though.

I wasn't sure about the panties. Could that thin cotton fabric retain prints? I reached over and pulled the wad of bloody, urine-stained cloth from her vagina, and went back into the bathroom and flushed it down the toilet.

I paused again at the bedside and gently stroked the soft hairs on the curve of her neck, her tanned shoulderblades, down her spine to the small of her back, across her warm little bottom.

Yes, a lovely, lovely girl. But I could spare no more time for affection. I had to get back to the town meeting, so I could be seen to leave with my wife and everyone else when it broke up.

Then we would go home together and discover Carol's abused body and call the police.

篇二：unit3saved by his mistakes

Unit 3 Saved by His Mistakes

Part I Listening & Speaking Activities

Part II Reading Comprehension & Language Activities

Part III Extended Activities

Part 1

Communicative Activities Brainstorming

Work with your group to think of at least five words/phrases/expressions regarding the following

topics. Write them down in the blanks below.

(1)Expressions for describing difficult or problematic situations：

accident incident （事件 （Incident）是指一次严重错误，每出现一次严重错误，

就会产生一次事件）。 affair .（ 事情；事务；私事；（尤指关系不长久的）风流韵事 ） emergency(这墨为了叙述方便和统一趋见，一词总括突发事件、紧急事件、公共危机等语词

指向的事由和其导致的危急局势) event (n. 事件，大事；项目；结果) catastrophe[?k?t??str?f?k] adj. 灾难的；惨重的

shipwreck[???p?rek] n. 灭亡，毁灭

a boat/car collision [k??li??n] n. 碰撞；冲突

a car/plane crash n. 碰撞；冲突

mishaps[?m?s?h?ps] n. 轻微的事故，小的意外

calamity [k??l?miti] n. 灾祸，灾难

dilemma [di?lem?] a situation witch makes a problems, often one in which you have to m(来自:WWw.SmhaiDa.com 海达范文网:lick,the,boy,foot)ake a

different chioce between things equal importance.

predicament [pr??d?k?m?nt] a difficult or unpleasant situation,especially one where it is

difficult to know what to do.

phrases:

sink into be trapped into get in trouble

be cought into be caged have in trouble/danger/difficult

be in difficulty/trouble/danger have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.

have a hard time doing sth. be left stranded on/in/at

be landed with (unpleasant tasks, people) be caught/stuck/jammed in (a traffic jam)

get stuck

(2)Expressions of fear:

afraid alarmed frightened feared

terrified horror-stricken horrified panic-stricken strcken panicky awful [??:ful] very shocing.

creepy[?kri:pi] causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or slight horror.

scared appalled [?'p?:ld] adj. 惊骇的；丧胆的 shaken

startled[?stɑ:tld] adj. 受惊吓的

astounded [??sta?nd?d] v.惊讶

dismayed [d?s?me?d] adj. 惊愕的；惊慌的

devastated [?dev??ste?tid] adj. 毁坏的

become hysterical [his?terik?l] 情绪异常激动的

act frantically/furiously/desperately

3)Expressions for solving problems:

take action fight against deal with cope with

take messures fight for put…right sort things out

clear things up figure out what to do /how to do it

straighten things out get to the bottom of things

(4)Expressions for rescue work:

save help aid rescue come to one’s rescue the first aid give sb. a hand deliver[di?liv?] to rescue sb. from sth. bad

salvation[s?l?vei??n] a way of protecting sb. from danger,disaster,loss.

succour[?s?k?] help that you give sb. who is suffering or having problems.

Group Oral Tasks

Task 1: A Conversation (p.28)

Work with your partner to find out what difficult/unpleasant or even dangerous situations they have ever been in. You may ask him/her the following questions:

(1) Have you ever been in a difficult or risky situation?

(2) How did you feel when … happened?

(3) How did you cope with the situation?

You could talk about the topics on p. 28

Task 2: Make up a story about the picture (p29)

(1) Who is the man in bed and what is his job?

(2) Why is he in the ambulance?

(3) What has happened to him?

(4) How did the accident happen?

Task 3: A Story

Have you ever experienced any risky adventures in your life?

Task 4: A Story

Some animals, especially pets, as many people believe, could save their masters from danger. Have you read any such stories?

Part II Reading Comprehension & Language Activities

Pre-reading Tasks

Read the Text

Post-reading Tasks

Text: Saved by His Mistakes

Questions for skimming:

1. What can you learn from the title?

2. What’s the story about?

--A man’s adventurous hunting trip: his accidentally falling into the deep hollow of a huge tree and his rescue with the help of his dogs.

3. What do “his mistakes” refer to?

--These are his two pups, Mistake No.1 and Mistake No.2, which he had bought them for 5 dollars and were mocked at by his elder brother.

Questions for close comprehension:

1. What did Jerry Cram set out to do?

-- He was hunting for a racoon.

2. How did Bob respond when told that the two beagle hound pups cost Jerry five dollars? -- He roared with laughter.

3. What did Jerry think about the pups when he hunted for several hours without any luck? --He also had to admit that they were not much help.

4. What did he spot toward evening?

-- A racoon high in a beech tree.

5. How was the tree described?

-- forty-foot tall, dead, its top carried away in some storm, the trunk gutted by rot and insects.

6. What did Jerry intend to do?

-- capture him by hand.

7. What happened when he got level with the top of the trunk?

--The limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet. He jumped to the rim of the tree trunk and the edge crumbled. He plunged down, too suddenly to make a sound, into the deep hollow of the dead tree.

8. What happened as he fell?

-- His fall was broken for a moment by a jutting piece of wood that caught his

9. Was he hurt when his fall was done?

-- No, he picked himself up miraculously unhurt; shaken, dazed.

10. What did Jerry hear then?

-- the pups sniffing and yelping to him; the shepherd barking in alarm.

11. What was the situation like? Could he find a way out?

-- desperate: no handholds inside, the snag out of reach; not able to enlarge the hole by kicking; nobody would hear him since he was too far away from home.

12. What idea at last came to him?

-- sending the dogs for help

13. What did the Shep do? How about the two pups?

-- He streaked across the field to Bob’s home. The pups remained, yelping encouragement to their master.

14. What happened later?

-- A storm broke and the rain poured into the hollow trunk. Jerry was drenched by the rain. How did the pups help him at that moment?

-- They were frightened but still remained, moved closer to comfort the master and stuck their muzzles to lick his feet.

15. Who guided Bob to the right tree?

-- It was the barking of the sad-eyed pubs that guided him to the right tree.

16. What efforts were made to rescue Jerry?

-- It took a rescue party, ropes and fifteen hours to get him out of his sodden prison.

17. Why did he say that Mistake No.1 and Mistake No.2 saved him?

--The two pups stayed with him during the mishap, giving him hope and comfort. What is more, it was the barking of the two pups that guided Bob to the right tree to rescue Jerry. Post-reading Tasks

Summary

Summarize the paragraphs:

The third & fourth paragraphs:

--Jerry fell from a broken limb of a dead beech tree when he tried to capture a racoon and plunged down into the deep hollow of a huge tree but was miraculously unhurt.

The fifth & sixth paragraphs:

--Jerry examined his situation inside the tree, and having found no way out, he then sent his dog Shepherd to get help from home.

The eighth & ninth paragraphs

--Bob came to his rescue with Shepherd but it was the pups’ barking that guided him to the right tree and Jerry was at last saved by a rescue party.\

Summarize the story

-- The story is about a boy’s adventurous hunting trip in which he was trapped in the deep hollow of a huge tree and was eventually saved with the help of his three dogs.

Words & Expressions

Para 1

set out to do sth.: to begin a job, task, etc with a particular aim or goal (带着某目的)开始做某事 eg They succeeded in what they set out to do.

gloomy

(1) [(of weather) dark and cloudy]

e.g. What a gloomy day we’re having!

(2) [(of a person) depressed and unhappy]

e.g. The vet is rather gloomy about my cat's chances of recovery.

(3) [(of a situation) having little hope]

e.g. a gloomy economic forecast

[grammatical point] "With him..." is an inverted sentence.

beagle hound pups: a baby hunting dog (猎野兔等小动物的)猎犬幼仔

Names of young animals:

dog-------puppy / pup cat-------kitten

horse-----foal cow-------calf

pig---------piglet sheep------lamb

bear-------cub

roar with laughter

[laugh loudly and nosily]

e.g. Those naughty boys roared with laughter when Tom made a silly mistake in class. Para2

[idiom] admit to sth/doing sth 承认，供认，坦白某事物

George would never admit to being wrong.

The young man admitted to his part in the crime.

Admit (vt)

allow sb to become a member of a club, school, or organization 准许加入……；接收（入学） admit sb into/to sth

Vi admit to 门开向……；通往……/ admit of容许……

The gate admits to the yard.

The regulations admit of no exception.

admit acknowledge concede confess

admit:to acknowledge sth as true, often reluctantly (强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认，多含不情愿或被迫意味 )

acknowledge: v. to accept the truth of (sth.) (公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错 ) concede: v. to admit that sth. is true, valid, proper承认（某事）属实，有效，合乎逻辑

confess: v. to say or admit, often formally, (that one has done wrong, committed a crime, etc) 承认（罪行，错误）；招供；坦白（语气较强） ；confess to sth/ doing sth

[paraphrase] till at last he used up all his shells.

to run out of sth.: to have no more of sth. left 用尽；to flow out from some place从某处流出 eg The hospital has run out of medical supplies.

Eg The water ran out of the hole at the bottom. ( It means the water flowed out from the hole.) Then, toward evening, he spotted a racoon high in a beech tree.

spot: v. to find, discover

eg She spotted her friend in the crowd.

He was spotted by police boarding a plane for Paris.

……and the trunk itself had been gutted by rot and insects.

gut: v. to destroy the inside or contents of

eg That warehouse was gutted by the fire.

Para3

Just as he got level with the top of the broken trunk, the limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet.

[paraphrase] Just as he reached the same height as the top of the broken trunk, unluckily, the twig on which he was standing was broken, which foresees that something bad might happen later. to be / get level with sth.: to be at the same height, amount or degree as

eg Food production in this nation keeps level with the population growth.

[idioms]

on a level with sb. /sth.: at the same level

eg Technically, both players are on a level, i.e. of the same standard.

on the level: (informal) honest(ly)

eg Are you sure this deal is on the level?

crack: v. become fractured

eg You can crack this tough glass, but you can't break it.

The ice cracked as I stepped on it.

ominous

[suggesting that something unpleasant is likely to happen]

e.g. There was an ominous silence when I asked whether my contract was going to be renewed. The heavy clouds were ominous of a fierce storm.

Crumble [break into pieces]

Down he plunged… [Down he fell suddenly…]

e.g. The man never caught the handle. Down he tumbled to the stair landing.

Para4

a jutting piece of wood [a piece of wood which stuck out]

tumble [fall quickly and without control]

e.g. I lost my footing and tumbled down the stairs.

Para 5

篇三：仁爱英语 七年级下册 Unit 5 单元测试卷1

2011~2012学年第二学期初一英语试卷 第一次月考

（满分：100分 时间：90分钟）

友情提示：请把所有的答案填写到答案卷上

听力部分（20分）

Ⅰ.听句子，选择正确图片。每个句子读一遍。（5分）

(

)1.

A

(

)2.

A

(

)3.

A

(

)4.

A

(

)5.

A B B B

B B

C

C

C

C C

Ⅱ.听句子，选择正确答语。每个句子读一遍。（5分）

( )6. A. Oh, I’m not happy. B. The same to you. C. We are all happy.

( )7. A. Yes, it is. B. You’re right. C. Thank you.

( )8. A. By bike.

B.I don’t want to go to school today.

C.I never go to school on foot.

( )9. A.I have no free time. B.How about you? C.Play basketball.

( )10. A.I like playing it very much.

B.I want to play it very much.

C. Three times a week.

Ⅲ.听对话，选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。（5分）

( )11. How does Michael usually come to school?

A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot.

( )12. What does the man usually do on Sundays?

A. Plays computer games. B. Plays basketball. C. Plays football.

( )13. How often does Yu Ming go to the library?

A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C.Three times a week.

( )14. How does Miss Wang sometimes come to school?

A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot.

( )15. Where does Zhou Lina usually have lunch?

A. In her office. B. At home. C. At school.

Ⅳ.

笔试部分（80分）

I． 单项选择。（15分）

the park ____ .

A. on feet B. on foot C. by foot D. on the foot

( )2—What time do you usually go to bed?

—_____ about a quarter to ten.

A. For B. At C. In D. On ( )1.The Browns usually drive to the park on Sundays. But today they go to

( )3.The boy likes playing _____ basketball very much.

A. a B. an C. the D./

( )4. —Happy New Year!

—______________

A. The same to you. B. Thank you.

C. Thank you all the same. D. You’re right.

( )5. We have a football game ____ Monday.

A. in B. on C. at D. for

( )6. Do you often take ____ bus to school?

A. the B. an C. a D./

( )7. —Where is Wang Junfeng?

—He ____ playing basketball _____ the playground.

A. is; in B. is; on C. are; in D. are; on

( )8.My brother usually _____ his classroom after school.

A. cleans B. cleaning C. clean D. to clean

( )9.— _____ do you go to the zoo with your brother?

—Once a month.

A. How B. How often C. How old D. How much

( )10.—What is Tom doing now?

—He is _____ at the moment.

A. sleep B. sleeps C. to sleep D. sleeping

( )11. —Are you doing your homework now?

—_____ I do my homework at this time every day.

A. Yes, I am. B. Yes, I do. C. Yes, I’m not. D. Yes, I don’t.

( )12. There ____ some apples.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

( )13. —____ is it today?

—It’s Thursday.

A. What B. What date C. What day D. What time

( )14. He is a very good teacher, so we can ___ a lot ____ him.

A. learn; to B. learn; from C. learning; to D. learning; from

( )15.Physics is too _____ for me. I don’t like it at all.

A. interesting B. easy C. difficult D. wonderful

II． 口语应用（10分）

从Ⅱ栏中找出Ⅰ栏的答语。 Ⅰ

Ⅰ Ⅱ

( )16.Where is Jane? A. Three weeks.

( )17.What are they doing? B. Yes, he is.

( )18.Would you like to play soccer? C. She is in the lab.

( )19.How long can I keep it? D. Good idea!

( )20.Is Tom having lunch at home now? E. They are dancing.

根据对话的情景，从方框中选择适当的句子填在画线处，使对话完整通顺。 (at the Lost and Found)

A:

B: I’m looking for my purse.

A: Well, I have one here. B: Blue.

A:

B: Some money. Mm, about 15 yuan.

A:

B: Mm, a picture of my family.

A: Sorry. It isn’t yours.

B:

III． 完形填空。（每小题1分，共10分）

I have a good friend. Her name is Kate. She is English girl. She is eleven. She with her family in China. There four people in her family. They’re her father, her mother, her brother and herself. She has a cat. name is Mimi. It’s Sunday today. They at home. Look! Kate with Mimi. Her father is reading newspapers. Her mother is cleaning the house. Where is her brother Jim? He is doing homework in his study. Kate Chinese very much, but she can’t it very well. Jim likes soccer. He can play it very well.

( )26.A.a B.an C.the D./

( )27.A.live B.living C.to live D.lives

( )28.A.is B.are C.am D.be

( )29.A.It B.It’s C.Its D.It is

( )30.A.are B.is C.do D.does

( )31.A.play B.plays C.playing D.is playing

( )32.A.he B.his C.her D.my

( )33.A.like B.to like C.likes D.liking

( )34.A.speak B.tell C.say D.talk

( )35.A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing

IV． 阅读理解。（每小题2分，共30分）

(A)

Peter is sixty-six. But he looks young. He has two children. One is a son and the other is a daughter. He has 10 tennis rackets(网球拍), 12 soccers, 8 baseballs, 6 basketballs and 18 volleyballs. But he never plays sports. He only likes collecting sports things. His son, Carl, likes soccer. He is a member of the city soccer club. He play soccer every day with his friends. And his daughter, Nancy, likes volleyball. But doesn’t play it. She watches it on TV!

阅读短文，根据其内容完成句子。

( ) 1. Peter is years old.

A. 54 B. 18 C. 66 D. 12

( ) 2. Peter has children.

A. 2 B. 6 C. 8 D. 12

( ) 3. plays soccer every day.

A. Peter B. Nancy C. Carl D. Maria

( ) 4.Peter has balls.

A. 10 B. 12 C. 54 D. 44

( ) 5. Nancy volleyball.

A. like B. likes C. don’t like D. doesn’t like

(B)

This is a picture of a classroom. The classroom is big and clean. You can see a teacher’s desk, five desks and six chairs. You can see a girl and a boy.

Three books are on the teacher’s desk. A pencil case is on a desk. Two pens and two rulers are in the pencil case. A schoolbag is behind a chair. A ball is on the floor.

The girl is Lucy. She is eleven. The boy is Mike. He is twelve. They are good friends. Their teacher is Miss Green. She is not here.

( ) 41. What is the picture of? .

A. Boys and girls B. Desks and chairs

C. Pens and pencils D. classroom

( ) 42.Where are the two pens? They are .

A. in the pencil case B. on the teacher’s desk

C. behind the chair D. on the floor

( ) 43.Who is eleven? .

A. Lucy B. Lily C. Mike D. I don’t know

( ) 44.Who is their teacher? .

A. Mrs. Green B. Mr. Green C. Miss Green D. Miss Gao

( ) 45.Are Mike and Lucy good friend? .

篇四：翻译教程第5讲

第五讲 翻译理论学习：归化与异化

1.理论来源

翻译的归化/异化 (domestication/ foreignization)

让读者靠近作者（异化），异国的情调

让作者靠近读者（归化）。

2.异化

（1）代表人物

劳伦斯·韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti），美国学者。

《译者的隐形》（The Translator’s Invisibility）

“反翻译”：“忠于原作者”

（2）异化策略（foreignizing method）

洋化，异域文化特色，异语语言形式，作者的异化写作手法，

核心： “异质因素”。

追求最大限度的等值。

① 异化可以在语音层上出现。（音译）

。例如：cigar “雪茄”；

laser “镭射”、“激光”，

coffee “咖啡”

②异化在词语层出现

crocodile tears “鳄鱼的眼泪”，（假惺惺）

an olive branch “橄榄枝”，（和平友谊）

sour grapes “酸葡萄”（表“嫉妒”）

③ 异化可以在句子结构层次出现。

朱生豪（莎士比亚戏剧） “欧化句式”，

例如在《哈姆雷特》第一幕第三场中，波洛涅斯告诫女儿不要轻信哈姆雷特时说： 例：You speak like a green girl．Unsifted in such perilous circumstance．

朱生豪译：你讲的话完全像是一个不曾经历过这种危险的不懂事的女孩子。

（3）异化的优缺点：

异化的优点：

①它扩大了翻译研究的范围，语言层面，意识形态、政治等多方面的社会文化因素的影响，

②手段更准确，更多样化；了解西方文化打开了一扇窗户。

异化的缺点：译文的晦涩难懂

3.归化

（1）代表人物

奈达（Nida）

“最贴近的自然对等”

读者放在首位，自然流畅，

翻译的目的是进行交际,

（2）归化策略 (domesticating method)

特点：采用地道畅通的目的语进行翻译，

符合读者的文化范式。

民族中心主义，

例如：

①Love me, love my dog.  爱屋及乌。

②a lion in the way  拦路虎

③lick one’s boots 拍马屁

④Have one foot in the grave  风烛残年

⑤To grow like mushrooms 雨后春笋

⑥One boy is a boy，two boys half a boy，three boys nobody．一个和尚挑水吃， 两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。

（3）归化的优缺点：

优点：避免文化冲突。

缺点：文化信息的遗失。

4.我国国情

“在20世纪的大部分时间里，归化翻译主导地位”

（1）归化派’的代表

严复、林纾（晚清时期）

朱生豪、吕叔湘、张谷若（三四十年代）

杨必（建国后）

如：杨必：Godfather，Godson“（“教父，教子”）

译作 “干爹”和“干儿子”，

傅雷 godmather“教母”译为“干妈”

（2）21世纪:异化译法将越来越广泛地被采用，与归化译法取得平衡

（3）适度原则：

归化主要表现在“纯语言层面”上，在“文化层面”上则应力求最大限度的异化

翻译技巧学习

词的翻译（二）：翻译中词类的转性

She is a beautiful girl. “她是个漂亮姑娘。”（词性，结构不变）

He is a liar. “他爱说谎。”（名词 => 动词）

He took his students to the factory for a visit.（。（4 个动词）

一、转译为汉语动词

英语：动词少，名词多，

汉语：动词多，按时间及逻辑顺序层层交代。

1．名词转译成动词

（1）They went on strike in demand of a 40 per cent wage increase.

他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。

（2）Give me liberty，or give me death.

不自由，毋宁死。

（3）He is an enemy to reform.

他反对改革。

（4）Difference between the social systems of states shall not be an obstacle to their

approachment and cooperation.

国与国社会制度的不同不应妨碍彼此的接近与合作。

（5）The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.

看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。

（6）A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.

从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念堂的全景。

（7）I am afraid I can’t teach you English. I think my daughter is a better teacher than I. 恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得好。

（8）Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man’s past wrong doings.

2．介词转译为动词

“关节”

（1）The road to development is long but we are firmly on it.

发展的道路虽然漫长，可我们已坚定地走上了这条路。

（2）He is walking in the park with an umbrella in his hand.

他在公园散步，手里拿着一把伞。

（3）It is our goal that the people in the underdeveloped areas will be finally off poverty. 我们的目标是使不发达地区的人民最终摆脱贫困。

3. 形容词转译为动词

（1）Integrity means you do what you do because it’s right and not just fashionable or politically correct. 诚实意味着去做你认为对的事，而不仅仅是为了赶时髦或在政治上不出错。

（2）Don’t be afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might even be smarter

than you are.

不要惧怕那些想法可能比你高明，或者那些可能比你更聪明的人。

（3）Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.

4．副词转译为动词

（1）What film will be on this evening?

今晚放映什么影片？

（2）That book will be out pretty soon.

那本书不久就要出版了。

（3）In those years the Republicans were in.

那些年是共和党执政。

（4）She opened the window to let the fresh air in.

她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。

二、转译为名词

1．动词转译为名词

（1）The book did not impress me at all.

本书没给我留下什么印象。

（2）Harry aims to become a computer expert.

哈里的目标是成为计算机专家。

（3）Your work is characterized by lack of attention to detail.

你工作的毛病是不注意细节。(或：粗心大意)

例如：

（1）The youths always dream fondly of their future.

（本句中的副词fondly也转译成了形容词）

（2）Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have

made in this direction.

独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面所取得的成就给予了很高的评价。

2．形容词转译为名词

（1）The day was cloudy but the sun was trying to come through.

天上有云，不过太阳就要破云而出了。

（2）Obedience is obligatory on a soldier.

服从命令是军人的天职。

(3) John is eloquent and elegant, but soft.

约翰有口才、有风度，但很软弱。

表示 一类人。

如：the young 年轻人

the old 老人

the rich 富人

the unemployed 失业者

例：They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.

他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。

三、其他转译法

(1) You are a greater blockhead than I had supposed you to be.

你比我所想象得要傻的多（名—形）

(2)When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. 只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这个人争取过来。（名—副）

(3) Our government shows great concern for the Chinese resident abroad.

我国政府十分关怀海外华侨。（副—形）

(4) His address impressed me deeply.

他的讲话给我留下很深的印象。（副—形）

(5) He is physically weak but mentally sound.

他身体虽弱，但思想健康。（副—名）

(6)From the front, back and both sides we kept a strict watch on the enemy.

我们在前后左右严密地监视敌人。（形—副）

(7)He is the right man I’m looking for . 他正是我在找的人。（形—副）

(8)This is sheer nonsense.

这完全是胡说。（形—副）

词的翻译（三）：增词

一、根据语义增词

（1）My grandparents believed you were either honest or you weren’t. There was no in between.

（或：不可能介于两者之间）。

（2）For months I have kept on my desk a picture from a tabloid.

几个月以来，我桌上一直放着一幅从小报上剪下的照片。

（3）This was the Angel of History! We felt its wings flutter through the room.

这真是历史的天使降临了！我们感到她在我们的房间里振翅鼓翼的声音。

（4）If you want General Gehlen sent to a lunatic asylum then you had better have me certified as well.

如果你要把盖伦将军关进疯人院，最好让医生证明我也是疯子吧。

（5）This was the greatest Russian offensive of the war. Stalin was throwing in 180 divisions, a surprisingly large part of them armed, in Poland and East Russian alone. There was no stopping them. （自《第三帝国的兴亡》）

篇五：综合英语教程第三册课文翻译

Unit1 My Father

I don't really know my father. He isn't easy to get on with. He's quite self-centred, and a little bit vain, I think, and in some ways quite unapproachable. The public must think he's very easy-going, but at home he keeps himself to himself.

He can't have been at home much when I was a child, because I don't remember much about him. He's always been slightly out of touch with family life. His work always came first, and he was always off somewhere acting or rehearsing. He loves being asked for his autograph, he loves to be recognised. He has won several awards, and he's very proud of that. He was made a Member of the British Empire, and we had to go to Buckingham Palace to get the medal. It was incredibly boring. There were hundreds of other people getting the same awards, and you had to sit there for hours. He shows off his awards to whoever comes to the house.

I went to public school, and because of my total lack of interest and non-attendance I was asked to leave. I didn't want to go there in the first place. I was taken away from all my friends. He must have been very pleased to get me into the school, but in the end it was a complete waste of money. I let him down quite badly, I suppose. I tried several jobs but I couldn't settle down in them. Then I realised that what I really wanted to do was live in the country and look after animals, so that's what I now do.

As a family, we're not that close, either emotionally or geographically. We don't see much of each other these days. My father and I are totally different, like chalk and cheese. My interests have always been the country, but he's into books, music and above all, opera, which I hate. If they do come to see us, they're in completely the wrong clothes for the country-mink coats, nice little leather shoes, not exactly ideal for long walks across the fields.

He was totally opposed to me getting married. He was hoping we would break up. Gerald's too humble, I suppose. He must have wanted me to marry someone famous, but I didn't, and that's all there is to it. We don't want children, but my father keeps on and on talking about wanting grandchildren. You can't make someone have children just because you want grandchildren.

I never watch him on television. I'm not that interested, and anyway he usually forgets to tell me when he's on.

我实在不了解我的父亲，与他相处很难。在我看来，他总以自我为中心，还有一点自负，在某种程度上难以接近。公众一定以为他很随和，但在家里，他总是拒人于千里之外。

在我小的时候，他一定很少在家，因为在我的记忆里关于他的不多。他总有点冷落家庭成员。工作是第一要义，他总是离家去拍戏或排练。他喜欢别人索要他的亲笔签名，喜欢出风头。他获得过几项大奖，并引以为荣。他还被授予英国皇家成员的称号，为此我们不得不去白金汉宫领取勋章。授勋典礼简直无聊透顶。由于有数百人获此勋章，因此你就不得不在那儿等上好几个小时。只要有人来我家拜访，他总不忘向来访的每个人炫耀他的那些奖章。

我上的是私立学校，由于对功课毫无兴趣，再加上无故旷课，我被勒令退学。我本来就不愿去那儿上学，因为我不得不离开我所有的朋友。把我送进那所学校父亲一定很满意，可到头来纯粹是在浪费钱。我猜我一定让他失望至极。我试过几份工作，但总无法安下心来。后来，我终于意识到我真正想做的就是在乡下照料家畜，于是一直干到现在。 作为一家人，我们不仅住的地方相隔不近，在情感上也不那么亲近。这些天我们很少互相走动。父亲和我性格迥异，或者说是貌合神离。乡村是我的乐趣所在，而父亲却对书本，音乐，尤其是我最讨厌的歌剧感兴趣。就算他们真的来看我，也是穿着及其"不合地宜"的衣服---貂皮大衣，漂亮小巧的皮鞋，根本不适合在田间远足。

对于我的婚姻，他及其反对，且一直希望我们分手。我想是杰拉德出身太卑微了。父亲一定是想让我和名人结合，但我没有，就这么回事。我和丈夫不想要小孩，可父亲却不停地唠叨说想要个外孙。但总不能因为你想要个外孙就让别人生小孩吧。

我从不看他演的电视节目，不怎么想看。何况他还常忘了告诉我播出的时间。

Unit3 Saved by his mistakes

Jerry Cram set out to go coon hunting that gloomy afternoon. With him were his old shepherd dog and two beagle hound pups. At least he said they were beagles, but his older brother Bob had roared with laughter a month earlier, when Jerry had told him they had cost five dollars. "It's another of your mistakes, Jerry!" He said. And that's what Bob called the pups "Mistake No. 1" and "Mistake No. 2"

Even Jerry had to admit that the pups weren't much help, for he hunted for several hours without any luck, till at last he ran out of shells. Then, toward evening, he spotted a racoon high in a beech tree. It was a forty-foot tree, an ancient one that had died years ago. The top of its trunk had been carried away in some storm, and the trunk itself had been gutted by rot and insects.

Still, Jerry went up after the coon, intending to capture him by hand. But he never reached the animal. Just as he got level with the top of the broken trunk, the limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet. Instantly he

jumped to the rim of the tree trunk, and at once the edge crumbled. Down he plunged, too suddenly to make a sound, into the deep hollow of the dead tree.

It was dark inside the tree. Above him there was only a pale disc of sky. At his feet a pear-shaped hole framed a small patch of grey light. He could hear the pups sniffing and yelping to him, and Shep backed off and barked in alarm.

Jerry was scared. Some time passed before he calmed down and began to look for a way to get out. There were no handholds on the inside of the trunk; the snag that had slowed him up on his way down was out of reach. And, though he tried desperately, he couldn't enlarge the hole at his feet by kicking. It would do no good to call, either; he was much too far from home for that. At last the idea came to him of sending the dogs for help. "Go home, Shep! Go home!" He shouted. The dog gave one sharp bark. "Go home!" He shouted again. And, at that, Shep turned and streaked across the field, but the two pups remained, yelping encouragement to their master.

was just room for Jerry to stand, and he was drenched by the rain. For a minute he wondered if he would drown there, but the water ran out of the hole at the bottom as fast as it came in at the top. Outside, Jerry could hear the pups whimpering. They were frightened by the storm, but they didn't go away. Instead, they moved closer to the tree to comfort him, and stuck their muzzles through the hole to lick his feet.

Meanwhile Shep had run across the fields to the Cram home. Barking furiously, he got Bob to follow him back. But when they reached the fences the old dog, who had leaped over them frantically as he came, was too tired to jump them again, and, in the end, it was only the barking of the sad-eyed little pups that guided Bob to the right tree.

Even then it took a rescue party, ropes, and fifteen hours to get Jerry out of his sodden prison-wet, hungry, and exhausted.

"Oh, gosh," he said over and over after they had finally pulled him up, "I kept thinking, this is Jerry's last mistake: I'm going to die down here. But the pups didn't give up hope! Shep went for help, and the pups stayed with me all the time! Mistake No. 1 and Mistake No. 2 -they saved me!"

那是一个阴霾的下午，杰瑞"克莱姆动身准备去猎浣熊。随他同行的有他的老牧羊狗和两只猎犬幼仔。至少他说他们是小猎兔犬。一个月以前，当杰瑞告诉他哥哥鲍勃说他自己花了五美元买了那两只小狗，鲍勃吼笑道："你又犯傻了，杰瑞！"因而，鲍勃称呼两只幼仔为"错误1号"和"错误2号"。

杰瑞猎捕了好几个小时，一无所获，直到最后用尽了子弹，他不得不承认这两只幼仔无多大用处。临近傍晚，他在一棵山毛榉树顶发现了一只浣熊。这棵树四十英尺高，极古老，数年前就枯死。树干顶部被风暴卷起了，树干本身由于腐烂和虫咬被毁坏了。

然而，杰瑞走到浣熊后，想用手抓它。但是他从未碰过动物。正当他到达残缺的树干的顶尖时，他踩的树枝在脚下不幸破裂了。他马上移到树干的边缘，立刻树梢被压断了。他突然跌下来了。事情发生的太突然了，杰瑞没来得及喊一声，就落入了朽树的深洞里。

他直摔下去，途中一根伸出的树枝挂住了他的衣服，悬空片刻，接着他又跌倒了。他颤抖地茫然地爬起来，但奇怪的是没有受伤。

树洞里一片漆黑。他头顶上仅有圆盘大的灰蒙蒙的天空。脚下梨状小孔映出一小块淡淡的光。他可以听见两只幼仔朝着他叫，牧羊狗后退并且惊慌地叫着。

杰瑞害怕了。过了一段时间，他平静下来了，开始寻找出路。树干里没有东西可以抓着爬出去；他无法抓住帮助阻止他下跌速度的那根根株。他竭尽全力，却不能把脚下的那个孔踢大。求救也无用，当时他离家太远。最后他决定派狗去寻求帮助。"回家，牧羊狗，回家！"他喊道。牧羊狗尖叫一声。"回家！"他又喊了一声。牧羊狗转身飞快的跨过田野，但两只幼仔仍原地不动，用叫声鼓励着主人。

夜幕来临。暴风雨袭来。闪电在尖顶上闪过，雨涌入了树中的空洞里。那恰是杰瑞可以站的地方，他被雨淋透了。他曾担心自己是否会淹死在那儿。但是雨水从顶部流入的同时又流出了这个空洞。外面，杰瑞可以听到两只幼仔在呜咽。他们被暴雨吓坏了，并没有离开。相反，他们更接近树了，用嘴穿过小孔去舔主人的脚以示安慰。

同时牧羊狗跑过田野到了克莱姆家。它猛烈地叫着，鲍勃紧跟着它。但是当他们到达篱笆旁时，这只狗，正如它来的时候一样身体慌乱不稳，太累了再也不能跳过去了。最后，仅靠眼睛悲伤的幼仔的叫声引导鲍勃到了那棵树前。 接着是营救工作，用绳子花了15个小时把杰瑞从浸透了的囚笼里拖出来---这时杰瑞浑身湿透了，又饿又累。

他们把他拖上来后，杰瑞反复唠叨："哎，天哪，我一直在想我会死在这儿，这是杰瑞的最后一次错误。但是幼仔没有放弃希望！牧羊狗去求助，幼仔自始至终陪着我！错误1号和错误2号---他们救了我的命。"

Unit5 Learning a Language

When we talk about learning a language like English, Japanese or Spanish, we speak and think as though the language in question were a fixed unchanging thing. We expect to learn it as we learned geometry or how to ride a bicycle-systematically, and with clear ultimate success. Many people subsequently give up when they discover just what a misconception this is. They have in fact embarked on an activity that could last the rest of their lives. The experience makes them realise that they are not only going to have to work very hard indeed if they want to succeed, but also that they are -in many cases-barely masters of the language they call their own "mother tongue".

Studying any language is, in fact, an endless voyage. Each of the thousands of languages currently used in the world is a A second common misconception about language is that words have fixed and clear meanings. This is-fortunately or unfortunately-far from true. Take even the apparently simple and specific English word man. It seems clear enough; it refers to "an adult male human being". Of course it does, but just consider for a moment the following sentences:

1) There are several men missing in that chess set.

2) The boat was manned entirely by women and children.

You might argue that these sentences are somewhat unnatural; certainly, they do not represent the everyday core meaning of the word man. meaning is nevertheless conveyed.

A third misconception about language claims that every language is -or should be-equally used and understood by all its practitioners everywhere. Certainly, users of the standard forms of English in the United Kingdom generally understand their equivalents in the United States; the degree of similarity between these two major forms of English is great. Dialect-users in these countries, however, have serious problems understanding each other, to the extent that they may wonder if they are actually using the same language. Someone from Brooklyn, New York, will have trouble with a Cockney from London; an old-style British Army colonel won't do well in discussions with a Californian flower-boy. Yet they all belong within the vast community of 20th century World English.

当我们谈到学习一门语言诸如英语、日语或西班牙语时，我们讲并且认为正在谈论中的语言是固定不变的，我们期望像学几何或学骑车一样系统学习并且最后的成功明了可见。许多人发现这仅是一种误解时便放弃了。实际上，他们开始了一份持续终生的工作。这种经验使他们不仅意识到如果想要成功不得不努力工作，而且意识到在很多情况下，他们连自己所谓的母语也没有精通。

其实，学习任何语言就像是一次永无止境的航行。当今世界上使用的成千上万语言中的每一种语言都是一件复杂的事情。许多语言确实有一种标准形式---特别是书面语---这就是我们要学习的，然而，他们也可能有各种各样的地区方言和社会文体，许多是历史进程中和其他语言融合的产物。英语就是这样一种混合语言。大约二千年前开始演变的。首先是一种古德语形式，与一种特殊的古法语发生了冲突，其后又吸取了一些拉丁语和希腊语。自那以后有吸收了它的使用者所接触的其他所有语言的点点滴滴。

关于语言的第二种常见误解是单词意思固定清楚。这种想法---无论不幸还是有幸---是远远不正确的。举个十分简单和具体的英语单词"man"为例。似乎足够清楚，指的是"成年男子"。当然的确如此，但是考虑一下下列句子：

1） There are several men missing in that chess set.

那副象棋缺了几颗棋子。

2） The boat was manned entirely by women and children.

这艘船全由妇女和小孩掌舵。

你可能争论这些句子有点不自然。是的，它们不是单词"man"的日常用法，而是其中心意义的合理延伸。尤其有趣的是在第二个句子中它作动词用而不是名词。这表明我们期望成年男子做水手，而不是妇女当然更不是小孩。语言中的一些乐趣和天赋很可能是由这种单词的细微差别的误用而产生的。别忘了，如果你叫一个人"猫"或"卷心菜"，虽然你不是表达字面意思，但它们会被曲解成许多意思。

关于语言的第三个误解是：每一种语言都被--- 或者说应该被它的所有使用者到处同样地使用和理解。当然，一般说来，使用英国英语标准形式的人都能理解其在美国英语中的对等词。英语这两种主要形式相似程度极大。这些国家的讲方言的人在互相理解对方时有严重的障碍，甚至到了怀疑他们是否真正使用同一语言的程度。一个来自纽约布鲁克林的人与来自伦敦的伦敦佬交流有困难一位古板的英国上校不会和一个加里福利亚的嬉皮士谈笑风生。然而他们都属于20世纪世界英语的巨大群体中的成员。

Unit6 Bargains

Let us take the orthodox definition of the word bargain. It is something offered at a low and advantageous price. It is an opportunity to buy something at a lower price than it is really worth. A more recent definition is: a bargain is a dirty trick to extort money from the pockets of silly and innocent people.

I have never attended a large company's board meeting in my life, but feel certain that the discussion often takes the following lines. The cost of producing a new -for example-toothpaste would make 80p the decent price for it, so we will market it at ￡1.20. It is not a bad toothpaste (not specially good either, but not bad), and as people like to try new things it will sell well to start with; but the attraction of novelty soon fades, so sales will fall. When that starts to happen we will reduce the price to ￡1.15. And we will turn it into a bargain by printing 5p OFF all over it, whereupon people will rush to buy it even though it still costs about forty-three percent more than its fair price.

Sometimes it is not 5p OFF but 1p OFF. What breathtaking impertinence to advertise 1p OFF your soap or washing powder or dog food or whatever. Even the poorest old-age pensioner ought to regard this as an insult, but he doesn't. A bargain must not be missed. To be offered a "gift" of one penny is like being invited to dinner and offered one single pea (tastily cooked), and nothing else. Even if it represented a real reduction it would be an insult. Still, people say, one has to have The real danger starts when utterly unnecessary things become "bargains". There is a huge number of people who just cannot resist bargains and sales. Provided they think they are getting a bargain they will buy clothes they will never wear, furniture they have no space for. Old ladies will buy roller-skates and non-smokers will buy pipe-cleaners. And I once heard of a man who bought an electric circular saw as a bargain and cut off two of his fingers the next day. But he had no regrets: the saw had been truly cheap.

Quite a few people actually believe that they make money on such bargains. A lady I know, otherwise a charming and seemingly sane girl, sometimes tells me stories such as this: "I've had a lucky day today. I bought a dress for￡120, reduced from￡400." She feels as though she has made￡280. She also feels, I am sure, that if she had more time for shopping, she could make a living out of it.

Some people buy in bulk because it is cheaper. I once knew a couple who could not resist buying sugar in bulk. They thought it a tremendous bargain, not to be missed, so they bought enough sugar for their lifetime and the lifetime of their children and grandchildren. When the sugar arrived they didn't know where to store it -until they realised that their loo was a very spacious one. So that was where they piled up their sugar. Not only did their guests feel rather strange whenever they were offered sugar to put into their coffee, but the loo became extremely sticky.

To offer bargains is a commercial trick to make the poor poorer. When greedy fools fall for this trick, it serves them right. All the same, if bargains were prohibited by law our standard of living would immediately rise by 7.39 per cent.

让我们给"甩货"这个词下一个传统定义，即商家推出的物美价廉的产品，也是一次机会让人们可以买到比实际价格低的商品。而近来又有了这样的定义：甩货是商家使用的从傻子与无头脑的人们口袋中骗取钱财的伎俩。

我从未参加过任何一家大型公司的董事会议，但可以肯定这样的会总是围绕以下事宜展开。以牙膏为例，生产这种新产品的成本费80便士为其合理价格，市场价格为1英镑20便士。这种牙膏不算很差（尽管没什么特别，也还过得去），加之人们乐于尝试新事物的心理，因此起初它销量会很可观。但是新鲜的吸引力一过, 销量自会下跌，于是我们将价格降到1英镑15便士，还打着甩货的幌子贴出“买一盒牙膏省五便士”的海报，人们则争先恐后地抢购，尽管抢购价比正常价位高出大约43%。

有时不是省5便士，而只是省1便士而已。"只要您购买香皂，洗衣粉，狗食或其他商品均可享受1便士的优惠。这样的广告是一种让人难以忍受的屈辱。"即使是最穷困的高龄养老金领取者也应当认为这是一种侮辱行为，然而却没有人这样想。甩货是不能错过的嘛！而这1便士的礼物就像你应邀去参加一场丰盛的晚宴却只提供一粒烹饪考究的豌豆。即使1便士真实地反映了产品的降价，可它仍然是一种侮辱。然而，人们会说，反正我们不能没有洗衣粉这样的东西，

还是买那个能省1便士的好了。记得当我在匈牙利时，还是个孩子，有一个人就因为1 pengo （等值于1先令）而被指控谋杀，并且他认了罪。法官义愤填膺："就为了1先令去杀人……你还要为自己辩护什么？"凶手答道："这儿1先令，那儿1先令……"这也正是今天的商家所说："这儿1便士，那儿1便士。"

随着那些完全没有必要东西成了“便宜货”，真正的危机也如期而至，一大群人都无法抵制甩卖和降价的诱惑。只要他们在买甩卖品，他们就会买这辈子都不会穿的衣服，没有地方安置的家具。老太太会买溜冰鞋，不吸烟的人则买烟斗通条。我还听说一个人在甩卖时买了一个电动圆锯，结果第二天就割掉了两根手指，可他并不后悔：这个锯子真是很便宜啊！

事实上，很多人都相信买甩货是有利可图的。我认识一个楚楚动人，似乎心志很健全的女士，她常给我讲这样的故事："今天太走运了，只花120英镑就买到了一件原价400的连衣裙。" 那感觉好像是她赚了280英镑。我确信她也认为如果再多花点时间购物，就可以靠此谋生了。

由于商品的贱价出售，有人则大批量购买。我听说有一对夫妇忍不住购买了大量的糖，他们认为这是万万不能错过捡大便宜的好时机，于是买足了供他们一辈子用的糖，就连他们的孩子们和子孙都够用了。可当糖运到家中时，他们意识到没有地方储存，直到发现卫生间还算宽敞，糖理所当然被堆在那里。每当他们往客人咖啡里加糖时，不仅客人总觉得古怪，而且连卫生间也变得粘粘糊糊的。

主动甩卖是一种商业诡计，使穷人变得更穷。如果那些贪婪的傻子上当受骗，那也是活该。无论如何，如果甩卖被依法禁止的话，我们的生活标准会顺势上涨7.39个百分点。

Unit8 Genius sacrificed for failure

During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely About 150 years ago, a village church vicar in Yorkshire, England, had three lovely, intelligent daughters but his hopes hinged entirely on the sole male heir, Branwell, a youth with remarkable talent in both art and literature. Hopes still high, the family landed Branwell a job as a private tutor, hoping this would free him to develop his literature skills and achieve the success and fame that he deserved. Failure again. During Branwell's last years, the girls published a book of poetry at their own expense (under a pseudonym, for fear of reviewers' bias against females). Even Branwell might have snickered: they sold only 2 copies. Jane Eyre.

But years of sacrifice for Branwell had taken their toll. Emily took ill at her brother's funeral and died within 3 months, aged 29; Anne died 5 months later, aged 30; Charlotte lived only to age 39. If only they had been nurtured instead of sacrificed.

No one remembers Branwell's name, much less his art or literature, but the Bronte sisters' tragically short lives teach us 在当今的美国仅有3% 的人口从事农业，脑力劳动取代了体力劳动。然而，人们的成见已根深蒂固，就象恶习，一旦沾上就难以改掉。但历史教训时刻警示着世人们不要随意否定那些所谓的性别上的弱者的能力，否则将会付出悲剧性的代价。

大约在150年以前，在英国的约克郡有个乡村牧师，他有三个聪明伶俐的女儿，然而他却把毕生的希望全都寄托在

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